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RESEARCH OF BUILDING MATERIALS

ASSESSMENT OF HYDROPHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THE NEW MINERAL-BASEDWATERPROOFING MATERIAL

Вестник МГСУ 2/2013
  • Lyapidevskaya Ol’ga Borisovna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor, Department of Building Materials, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoye shosse, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation; Этот e-mail адрес защищен от спам-ботов, для его просмотра у Вас должен быть включен Javascript .
  • Bezuglova Ekaterina Aleksandrovna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) postgraduate student, Department of Building Materials, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoye shosse, Moscow 129337, Russian Federation; Этот e-mail адрес защищен от спам-ботов, для его просмотра у Вас должен быть включен Javascript .

Страницы 108-113

The authors consider the problems of influence of corrosive water media onto underground buildings and structures and various methods of their waterproofing. The market overview of up-to-date waterproofing compounds is provided in the article. The authors set forth their research findings identified at Moscow State University of Civil Engineering recently. A new mineral-based waterproofing coating material is presented. The authors deal with the issue of chemical interaction within the system of cement - microsilica - soda-silica glass and the issue of optimization of particle packing aimed at the assurance of superior protective and durability-related properties of the composition. The main process strengths of the new coating material are enlisted.The authors introduce the results of comparative tests of basic hydro-physical and mechanical (compressive strength, adhesive strength) properties of the new material and its analogues currently applied in the construction industry with a view to the assessment of the protective ability and the economic effectiveness of the new waterproofing material.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.2.108-113

Библиографический список
  1. Shilin A.A. Remont zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsiy [Repair of Reinforced Concrete Structures]. Moscow, Gornaya kniga publ., 2010, 519 p.
  2. Kozlov V.V., Chumachenko A.A. Gidroizolyatsiya v sovremennom stroitel’stve [Waterproofing in the Present-day Construction Industry]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2003, 118 p.
  3. Shilin A.A., Zaytsev M.V., Zolotarev I.A., Lyapidevskaya O.B. Gidroizolyatsiya podzemnykh i zaglublennykh sooruzheniy pri stroitel’stve i remonte [Waterproofing of Underground and Embedded Structured in the Course of Their Construction and Repair]. Kiev, Optima Publ., 2005, 396 p.
  4. Falikman V.R. New High Performance Polycarboxilate Superplasticizers Based on Derivative Copolymers of Maleinic Acid. 6th International Congress “GLOBAL CONSTRUCTION” Advances in Admixture Technology. Dundee, 2005, pp. 41—46.
  5. Batrakov V.G. Modifitsirovannye betony [Modified Concretes]. Moscow, Astra sem’ publ., 1998, 697 p.
  6. Fennis S.A.A.M., Walraven J.C. Design of Ecological Concrete by Particle Packing Optimization. Delft University of Technology, 2010, pp. 115—144.

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Geological background of the estimation of natural stresses in soil body

Вестник МГСУ 1/2015
  • Chernyshev Sergey Nikolaevich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) Doctor of Geologo-Mineralogical Sciences, Professor, Department of Engineering Geology and Geoecology, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; Этот e-mail адрес защищен от спам-ботов, для его просмотра у Вас должен быть включен Javascript .

Страницы 44-53

Initial and boundary conditions are always given for solving the problem of calculating the interaction of tunnels and other underground structures with soil and rocks. The same conditions are set for calculating the surface buildings. These initial data for calculation are divided into three groups: 1) the geometrical shape of the layers of rocks (geological structure); 2) the parameters of the strength and compressibility of rocks; 3) compressive stresses in the array. These data all over the world are set with engineering surveys. In engineering surveys there are good methods of determining the source of the data 1 and 2. But there is no available methodology for determining the natural stress state. Therefore, compressive and tensile stresses are usually determined by mathematical modeling. The calculation of the compressive stresses is done on the basis of the following hypotheses: compressive stresses are created by the weight of rocks; they go down in proportion to the density of rocks; the main normal stress is has a vertical direction; normal stress in horizontal direction is smaller. The value of the horizontal stress is was calculated using Poisson’s ratio. This hypothesis of the nineteenth century was used another 50 years ago, when it was not known exactly about the movement of the continents and when compressive stresses in the earth’s crust have not yet been measured. Today a universal application of this hypothesis is not correct. Now the application of this hypothesis in many cases is not correct. In this research paper an attempt is made to specify the area, in which the above hypothesis can be used. This is done on the basis of current scientific evidence. Abroad this way of calculating tunnels and other underground structures and bases of buildings should be done taking into account the real field of natural stresses. The geological characteristics of the location of the axes of stresses in soil body are based on the study of fractures. Also the article shows the influence of the surface topography of the territory on stress in soil. In order to draw conclusions the author uses his observations of the construction in Siberia and Mongolia, as well as publications of other scientists. The author notes that in engineering surveys for construction of tunnels, high-rise dams, high rise buildings there is no good method of determining the natural stresses in rocks and soils, which is equal in accuracy to the methods of construction of geological sections and methods for determining the estimated characteristics of the soil. This gap needs to be filled. The possible direction of work is: to combine the methods of direct measurements of compressive stresses with indirect geophysical methods and computer modeling.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2015.1.44-53

Библиографический список
  1. Suppe J. Fluid Overpressures and Strength of the Sedimentary Upper Crust. Journal of Structural Geology. December 2014, vol. 69, part B, pp. 481—492. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2014.07.009.
  2. Nesterenko G.T., Barkovskiy V.M. O vozmozhnosti otsenki napryazhennogo sostoyaniya zemnoy kory po naturnym izmereniyam napryazheniy v shakhtakh i rudnikakh [On the Possibility of Estimating the Stress State of the Crust in Situ Measurements of Stress in Mines]. Napryazhennoe sostoyanie zemnoy kory : sbornik trudov [Stress State of the Earth Crust : Collection of Works]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1973, pp. 12—20. (In Russian)
  3. Kutepov V.M. Zakonomernosti v raspredelenii estestvennykh napryazheniy v massivakh skal’nykh treshchinovatykh porod sklonov rechnykh dolin [Regularities in the Distribution of Natural Stresses in the Hard Fractured Rocks of the Slopes of River Valleys]. Napryazhennoe sostoyanie zemnoy kory : sbornik trudov [Stress State of the Earth Crust : Collection of Works]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1973, pp. 135—147. (In Russian)
  4. Kropotkin P.N. Tektonicheskie napryazheniya v zemnoy kore po dannym neposredstvennykh izmereniy [Tectonic Stresses in the Earth’s Crust According to Direct Measurements]. Napryazhennoe sostoyanie zemnoy kory : sbornik trudov [Stress State of the Earth Crust : Collection of Works]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1973, pp. 21—31. (In Russian)
  5. Pashkin E.M., Kagan A.A., Krivonogova N.F. Terminologicheskiy slovar’-spravochnik po inzhenernoy geologii [Terminological Dictionary on Engineering Geology]. Moscow, KDU Publ., 2011, 950 p. (In Russian)
  6. Ter-Martirosyan Z.G., Akhpatelov D.M. Napryazhennoe sostoyanie gornykh massivov v pole gravitatsii [Stress State of Mountain Ranges in the Field of Gravity]. DAN SSSR [Proceedings of the USSR Academy of Sciences]. 1975, vol. 220, no. 2, pp. 1675—1679. (In Russian)
  7. Kalinin E.V., Panas’yan L.L., Shirokov V.N., Artamonova N.B. Modelirovanie poley napryazheniy v inzhenerno-geologicheskikh massivakh [Modeling Stress Fields in Engineering Geological Bodies]. Moscow, MGU Publ., 2003, 261 p. (In Russian)
  8. Wan Guillong. Modeling Field Tectonic Stresses the East Wing Tectonic Belt Badahan in Northern China Tektonic Era. Dixue gionyuan = Earth Sci. Front. 2012, vol. 19, no. 6, pp. 194—199. Chinese. CV Eng.
  9. Xia C., Gui Y., Wang W., Du S. Numerical Method for Estimating Void Spaces of Rock Joints and the Evolution of Void Spaces under Different Contact States. Journal of Geophysics and Engineering. December 2014, vol. 11, no. 6, article number 065004. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-2132/11/6/065004.
  10. Osipov V.I., Medvedev O.P., editors. Moskva. Geologiya i gorod [Geology and a City]. Moscow, Moskovskie uchebniki i kartolitografiya Publ., 1997, 400 p. (In Russian)
  11. Chernyshev S.N. Treshchiny gornykh porod [Rock Fractures]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1983, 240 p. (In Russian)
  12. Chernyshev S.N., Dearman W.R. Rock Fractures. Butterworth-Heinemann, London, UK, 1991, 272 p.
  13. Haines S., Marone C., Saffer D. Frictional Properties of Low-Angle Normal Fault Gouges and Implications for Low-Angle Normal Fault Slip. Earth and Planetary Science Letters. December 2014, vol. 408, pp. 57—65. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.09.034.
  14. Konyarova L.P. Opyt obobshcheniya massovykh opredeleniy pokazateley vodopronitsaemosti treshchinovatykh skal’nykh porod [Statistical Summary of Mass Estimations of the Permeability of Fractured Rocks]. Inzhenerno-geologicheskie svoystva gornykh porod i metody ikh izucheniya : sbornik trudov [Engineering and Geological Properties of Rocks and Methods of Their Research : Collection of Works]. Moscow, AN SSSR Publ., 1962. (In Russian)
  15. Beloyy L.D., editor. Otsenka tochnosti opredeleniya vodopronitsaemosti gornykh porod [Estimating Determination Accuracy of Rock Permeability]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1971, 150 p. (In Russian)

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OPERATING SAFETY OF FOUNDATIONS OF BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES UNDER DYNAMIC IMPACT

Вестник МГСУ 5/2017 Том 12
  • Ter-Martirosyan Armen Zavenovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Soil Mechanics and Geotechnics, Head of Research and Education Center «Geotechnics», Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation.
  • Sobolev Evgeniy Stanislavovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Senior Lecturer, Department of Soil Mechanics and Geotechnics, researcher at the Research and education center «Geotechnics», Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation.

Страницы 537-544

Ensuring the safe operation of buildings and structures of increased responsibility in complex engineering and geological conditions requires a special approach to engineering surveys and construction. When designing ground bases, it is necessary to take into account the dynamic effects of man-made or natural origin. In this case, it is necessary to provide for a complex of special studies of the foundation soils. The results of the investigations make it possible to obtain the mechanical properties of soils necessary for subsequent calculations. As a rule, calculations are performed in modern software systems by numerical simulation of the "foundation-construction" system. Forecasting the stress-strain state of the soil base, taking into account special studies of soils and numerical modeling, allows to ensure strength and stability, as well as safe operation of the proposed structure during its entire service life.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2017.5.537-544

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