"Вестник МГСУ"

A complex of problems is not solved in technical regulation of construction. This includes the list of regulatory documents of compulsory application is not revised yet. The issue of developing high-quality regulative documents for the construction field is of great importance, because their fulfillment guarantees the safety of the population. The project of this list consists of 76 documents; that’s 15 less, than in the existing list. The reasons for reducing the number of documents are doubtful. In the list project there are no standards for building materials. All the documents concerning the rules of work execution are also out of this list, though the documents affecting the building safety should be included it the compulsory list. It is offered not to make a list of documents. It is enough to enumerate all the reference documents in project documentation, which is subject to inspection by the building supervision agencies as compulsory. There will be no need for the additional list of documents for optional application.

The recommendations for the development of additional regulatory requirements to reliability of water supply systems in Vietnam are offered. In current construction rules for design, the reliability of water supply systems of water facilities is not standardized. Water systems are classified into three categories, for which the conditions for performing functions in the process of water supply for consumers are formulated. It is not provided to assess the quality of these functions quantitatively. Adoption of design decisions without quantitative assessment of their quality is violating a systematic approach in carrying out construction and design works, which has formed in the global practice. As a result of the research of water supply facilities’ reliability in Vietnam and Russia, the reliability of the existing water supply facilities has been estimated. On the basis of mathematical methods for assessing the reliability of technical objects, the methods for assessing the reliability of water supply facilities and their systems has been justified and systematized. If there is lack of reliability and security requirements to the object of capital construction for design documentation development or such requirements are not established, the development and approval in the prescribed manner of special specifications should precede the documentation development. It is proposed to systematize the statistical data gathering on the reliability of the equipment and facilities of water supply systems by uniform rules. Any designed objects of water supply must have a quantitative estimate of the level of reliability. The outlined methods for assessing the reliability of water supply facilities and systems can be used in the formation of regulatory requirements for reliability in the design of water supply facilities in Vietnam.

In the article the requirements for fire safety assurance are justified for the objects, in which water is supplied with account for serial and parallel area zoning. In the process of zoning the district is segregated into such parts, for which head rate in any point of selection of water from network will not exceed 6 bar. In the current regulatory rules the requirements for the calculation of the costs of water points are stated, as well as in case of extinguishing fires at the sites with water-supply systems zones. It is recommended to analyze each zone of the system of water-supply separately, without interrelation with the common water feeders, water consumers and services of fire extinguishing. Such an approach to assign water discharge for fire extinguishing results in the decrease of fire safety of an object, deforms calculation technique of outside systems of water-supply of the similar-type objects located in different parts of the terrain. Taking the number of fires and water consumption for fire suppression by the number of residents in each zone, we thus underestimate the capacity of the pipeline system. It is offered to make changes in Norms and Standards in force on fire safety of settlements. The recommendations on regulation of the number of fires and water flow for fire fighting in residential objects with zoned systems of water-supply are formulated.

The paper gives an overview of the evolution of the construction sector within the European unification process and explains the reasons why this evolution happened, how it was organized and lived, and where it is leading. The links between the main stages of this process and the European legislation specific to the construction sector are presented, and the main prescriptions of the Construction Products Directive are reviewed. The need to express the characteristics of products in terms of performance is emphasized and data are given on the CEN program of harmonized product standards, test methods and calculation methods standards. The CEN standards on construction works such as the EUROCODES are also presented, its impact on existing regulatory systems is discussed and some conclusions are drawn on the added value of the European input to the construction sector.

Reinforced concrete is uninterruptedly developing progressive type of building materials. One of the most important advantages of reinforced concrete is the possibility of using it with reinforcing steel or composite materials of increased and high strength.As a result occurs substantial permanent growth in production, increase in strength and other service characteristics of steel rolling used for reinforcing concrete.Production and application of the modern types of reinforcement in our country started not long ago, much later, than in the USA and European countries. Until 1950 deformed reinforcement was not produced and used in our country; the production of hot-rolling reinforcement of the A400 (A-III) class started only in 1956.But already in 1960 the application of this reinforcement was 1.0 million tons a year, and in 1970 — 3.4 million tons a year.Up to the year 2012, the production and application of the deformed reinforcement of the classes A-400, A-500C and A-600C of all kinds exceeded 8.0 million tons. In order to ensure economic efficiency and competitive ability of national construction, the process of increasing the strength and workability of domestic reinforcing bar is continuously taking place. The results of this process in respect of the common untensioned reinforcement of reinforced concrete structures are discussed in the present article.We suggest to consider the mechanical and service characteristics of deformed reinforcement, which is manufactured according to the standards of our country GOST P 52544, classes A500C and B500C, GOST 5781, class A400, and Technical specifications 14-1-5596—2010, class Ан600С, grade 20Г2СФБA.For the comparative analysis we use the standard data for similar reinforcement established by EN 10080-2005 and Eurocode 2, as well as by standards ÖNORM B-420 of Austria, BC 4449/2005 of Great Britain, DIN 488 of Germany, A706M of the USA and G3142 of Japan.The standards of the above-mentioned countries slightly differ from the standardsEN 10080 and Eurocode 2, and from the Russian standards.We consider the statistical data of the real properties of hot-rolling, coldolling and thermo mechanically strengthened deformed reinforcement manufactured and certified according to GOST R 52544 and GOST 5781, produced in Russia, Byelorussia, Moldavia, Latvia, Poland, Turkey and Egypt.The fundamental difference of modern European standards from Russian standards and the standards of other countries considered in this article is that the requirements of EN 10080 and Eurocode 2 are unified for all reinforcement with the yield point of 400 to600 H/mm2 regardless of its production method.At the same time it is stated, that the actual properties of reinforcement of all groups according to EN 10080, differ essentially from those specified by this Standard and they better correspond to the Russian, Austrian and German standards.The Standard EN 10080 in the version of the year 2005 is inconvenient, because it does not determine technical classes. As a result, many European countries use their own, but not the European standards.Conclusion.The comparative analysis of our national and foreign standards of deformed rolled steel used for reinforcing concrete demonstrates that the physical and mechanical properties of the Russian and European reinforcing steel are almost the same, but for the following facts:Standard requirements established according to GOST 5781, GOST 10884 andGOST R 52544 are a bit higher than the standards of EN 10080;Reinforcement of the classes A400, A500 B500C and A600C, manufactured according to the Russian standards, can be used without recounting instead of reinforcement of the same strength classes according to EN 10080 and to the standards of other countries all over the world.

The complex program of harmonization of Russian and European systems of technical rate setting in construction presupposes the translation of Eurocode texts to Russian language, their adaptation for use on the Russian territory and creation of terminological dictionaries, which includes dictionaries on metal construction. In the article the author gives examples of inappropriate Russian terms introduced in the process of translation from foreign languages. For the concepts denoted by the proposed terms, there already exist established normative documents, which have passed all the terminological procedure and are introduced in State Standards and regulations. The author demonstrates contradictions and formulates the basic terms, showing the ground state of modern science and engineering practice of cold-resistant steel structures. The basic requirements for the development of quality in construction terminology are stated. Scientific, research, methodic, organizational work on construction databases creation should be executed on minimum two languages: English and Russian before developing terminological standards in the construction sphere. Normative terminological dictionaries, collections of scientific-normative and technical-normative terminology, dictionaries and reference works are the sources for construction databases. Scientific technical translation should undergo qualified scientific editing.

The development of a new regulatory base in the field of ropeways construction in the Russian Federation is currently coming to an end. Federal legislation defines the following priorities: updating of Construction Norms and Regulations and state standard specifications, energy saving and energy efficiency, converging Russian and European Union standards (including standards for building design - Eurocodes). This work should be completed in 2014. Experience in designing and coordinating passenger ropeways projects may lead, after analyzing the current status of regulatory legal base, to the following suggestions: simplifying the order of ropeways registration and commissioning for the reduction in administrative resource; new regulatory base should include the links to appropriate Eurocodes (a list of which is provided in the article). Operating personnel and designers might also find useful clarifications on the application of Eurocodes and the links to the corresponding Russian normative documents, which regulate design, calculation and control of both the ropeway and its separate parts. Absence or under fulfillment of such rules (for example, as in the case of the method of calculating construction during various working/non-working ropeway modes) should lead to their further development, which may be carried out by a combined group of ropeway designers, ropeway technologists and other related specialists; expanding security rules for passenger, cargo and ski lift ropeways on other types of cable transport, such as APM-ATS systems, which may be used throughout the Russian Federation in the future.