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Krivykh Elena Georgievna -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, Associate Professor, head, Department of Philosophy, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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The article deals with the problem of urban planning of new social space of metropolises in order to involve Hi-hume technologies in this process, which are formed under the decisive influence of information technologies. Centrifugal tendencies are strengthened in the process of urbanization. The metropolis reflecting the diversity of its functions is turning into a "space of stream" with a polycentric structure, imbued with functional links. The need for reverse social bonds makes it necessary to create an effective communication interaction by means of modern architecture and urban planning decisions. Hi-hume technologies are presented as ones that provide a certain human behavior to create a harmonic friendly and self-sufficient environment. The space activity of people (in a professional sense - the activity of an architect) in the intention boiled down to design and distribution of meanings within a universal theoretical and methodological system or to formation of the "urban artifact" in a unique historical and cultural context. There are specific examples of formation of the 21st century metropolis: the projects of complex development of the Big Paris and in Russia - the project of the Big Moscow. The increased sociability (of a human being) is the subject of philosophical reflection over the interpretation of the new form of sociality as essentially communicative. Le Corbusier gives an idea of the primacy of the internal space over the external in the world-view of a person and suggests the necessity of sustaining spatial immune systems to protect a person against the absorption in social superstructures. Architects defend the idea of the "emotional experience of emptiness" necessity by the residents of cities. Hi-Tech has outpaced the development of the social sphere. And significance of Hi-hume technologies is that they contribute to social selection of individuals, who are the conductors of their impact.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.4.14-20
References
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Gatsunaev Konstantin Nikolaevich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)
Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of History and Philosophy, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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Historically, Moscow architecture in its development has been following the political trends of the Russian society, and it is clearly reflected in the appearance and quality of Moscow buildings. The author discusses the most observable features and structural principles attributed to Soviet architecture in the middle of the 20th century and uses Moscow monuments as examples. The article is based on the analysis and systematization of spatial planning, architectural, design, and historical sources considering post-war Moscow architecture. The author proposes a historical approach to the problem of correlation between the architecture and post-war Soviet socio-cultural realities. The development of architecture demonstrates different features in different historical epochs. The victorious end of the World War II and crushing defeat of German Nazism generated intensive growth of patriotic emotions in the Soviet society. Heroic tunes and patriotic motives became the brightest features in Soviet architecture. The development of the Soviet architecture between 1945-1955 was determined by different factors. The author discusses the problem of consistency between the existing architectural environment of Moscow city centre and new architectural planning solutions, created by D.N. Chechulin. The importance of historical continuity and consistency of spatial planning policies of the urban development documentation such as the Master plot plan of Moscow (1951) is emphasized. New relations between Soviet government and Russian Orthodox Church were established in the end of the 1940s. Thereby, Soviet architects widely used the decorative elements and compositional principles of ancient Russian architecture. The column order of the Empire style became a required sample for Soviet architects. This style is built according to classical rules, although it has substantial deviations. The Government directives and skills of architects developed an own language of architectural forms typical for so-called “Stalin’s Empire” style.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2015.8.18-29
References
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Tsareva Marina Vladimirovna -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)
Associate Professor, Department of Descriptive Geometry and Graphics, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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.
Operational management of the construction is usually based on information analysis systems, which are aimed at the monitoring of working schedule and volumes as consistent with predicated schedules. The result of such systems’ operation is traditional information graphics (diagrams, charts, etc.), which provides idea on the current state of the construction site and deviations from the planned settings. The author considers the visualization technology of construction of objects using an image of the situation on the AutoCAD drawings, converted into an interactive format. The article focuses on imperfections of the existing technologies of information support of the managers. The creation of unified IT platform is offered on the basis of CAD for creating an integrated information storage and visualization of the environment using electronic drawings and diagrams. Using interactive methods it is possible to illustrate the condition of almost any part of the construction project using these drawings and diagrams. E-drawings contain the basic information resources - estimates, plans, sections, specifications, technology, construction, etc. necessary for the calculation of indicators. The author proved that implementation of visualization is most efficient in case of electronic drawings in 3D format.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2016.4.140-147
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