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SAFETY OF BUILDING SYSTEMS. ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS. GEOECOLOGY

Microbiological specifics of the phosphate removal systems with the help of reinforced materials

Vestnik MGSU 4/2014
  • Ruzhitskaya Ol’ga Andreevna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Wastewater Disposal and Aquatic Ecology, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, 129337, Moscow, Russian Federation; +7 (499) 1832765; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 135-141

The author presents the results of microbiological studies aimed at investigating the deep removal of phosphates from household wastewater. A method for deep cleaning of waste water using reinforced materials is provided. The living culture study in activated sludge and biofilm in the light microscope showed activating effect of the reinforced loading material on the life of microflora in activated sludge and biofilm. A steel wire in the the feed material has a significant impact on the number and variety of species of protozoa in the activated sludge, and also leads to rapid development of Chlorella sp. The study of the living culture of activated sludge and biofilm in the light microscope showed that the reinforced material activates the vital functions of the activated sludge microflora and biofilms, as well as the diversity of their species composition. The studies have confirmed that chlorella multiplies in an environment rich with iron, absorbs phosphorus from the environment and actively produces oxygen, providing bacterial biomass with it. This fact explains the increase in the removal of organic contaminants, as well as the influence of the reinforced material on the second step of nitrification.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.4.135-141

References
  1. Ruzhitskaya O.A., Salomeev V.P., Gogina E.S. Ispol'zovanie armirovannogo zagruzochnogo materiala dlya intensifikatsii protsessov ochistki stochnykh vod ot fosfatov i organicheskikh zagryazneniy [Using Reinforced Feed for Intensification of Wastewater Treatment from Phosphates and Organic Contaminants]. Vodosnabzhenie i sanitarnaya tekhnika [Water Supply and Sanitary Engineering]. 2013. no. 6, pp. 43—47.
  2. Gogina E.S., Makisha Nikolay. Reconstruction of Waste Water Treatment Plants in Russia, Approaches and Solutions. Applied Mechanics and Materials. 2013, vol. 361—363, pð. 628—631.
  3. Andreeva V.M. Rod Chlorella [Genus Chlorella]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1975.
  4. Leonova L.I., Stupina V.V. Vodorosli v doochistke stochnykh vod [Algae in the Advanced Treatment of Wastewater]. Kiev, Naukova Dumka Publ., 1990.
  5. Chong F.M.Y., Wong Y.S., Tam N.F.Y. Performance of Different Microalgal Species in Removing Nickel and Zinc from Industrial Wastewater. Chemosphere. 2000, no. 1, pp. 251—257.
  6. Fytianos K., Voudrias E., Raikos N. Modelling of Phosphorus Removal from Aqueous and Wastewater Samples Using Ferric Iron. Environmental Pollution. 1998, vol. 101, no. 1, pp. 123—130.
  7. Blackall L.L., Cricetti G.R., Saunders A.M., Bond Ph. L. A Review and Update of the Microbiology of Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal in Wastewater Treatment Plants. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. 2002, vol. 81, no. 1—4, pp. 681—691. DOI: 10.1023/A:1020538429009.
  8. De-Bashan L.E., Moreno M., Hernandez J.P., Bashan Y. Removal of Ammonium and Phosphorus Ions from Synthetic Wastewater by the Microalgae Chlorella Vulgaris Coimmobilized in Alginate Beads with the Microalgae Growth-promoting Bacterium Azospirillum Brasilense. Water Research. 2002, vol. 36, no. 12, pp. 2941—2948.
  9. De-Bashan L.E., Hernandez J.P., Morey T., Bashan Y. Microalgae Growth-promoting Bacteria as «Helpers» for Microalgae: a Novel Approach for Removing Ammonium and Phosphorus from Municipal Wastewater. Water Research. 2004, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 466—474.
  10. Sriwiriyarat T., Randall C. W. Performance of IFAS Wastewater Treatment Processes for Biological Phosphorus Removal. Water Research. 2005, vol. 39, no. 16, pp. 3873—3884.
  11. Guzzon A., Bohn A., Diociaiuti M., Albertano P. Cultured Phototrophic Biofilms for Phosphorus Removal in Wastewater Treatment. Water Research. 2008, vol. 42, no. 16, pp. 4357—4367.
  12. Moelants N., Smets I.Y., Van Impe J.F. The Potential of an Iron Rich Substrate for Phosphorus Removal in Decentralized Wastewater Treatment Systems. Separation and Purification Technology. 2011, vol. 77, no. 1, pp. 40—45. DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2010.11.017.
  13. Boelee N.C., Temmink H., Janssen M., Buisman C.J.N., Wijffels R.H. Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal from Municipal Wastewater Effluent Using Microalgal Biofilms. Water Research. 2011, vol. 45, no. 18, pp. 5925—5933. DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2011.08.044.
  14. Lopez-Vazcues C.M., Hooijmans C.M., Brdjanovic D., Gijzen H.J., van Loosdrecht M.C.M. Factors Affecting the Microbial Populations at Full-scale Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal (EBPR) Wastewater Treatment Plants in the Netherlands. Water Research. 2008, vol. 42, no. 10—11, pp. 2349—2360.
  15. Krzemieniewski M., Debowski M., Janczukowicz W. The Influence of Different Intensity Electromagnetic Fields on Phosphorus and Cod Removal from Domestic Wastewater in Steel Packing Systems. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies. 2004, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 381—387.

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Trophic chain and sea environment self-cleaning factors

Vestnik MGSU 5/2014
  • Pogorel'tsev Yuriy Romanovich - Sochi State University (SSU) postgraduate student, Department of Real Estate Inspection and Management, Sochi State University (SSU), 26 a Sovetskaya Str., Sochi, 354000, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Shevtsov Viktor Sergeevich - Sochi State University (SSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head, Department of Real Estate Inspection and Management, Sochi State University (SSU), 26 a Sovetskaya Str., Sochi, 354000, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 119-126

This article considers the main aspects of the process of self-purification in the marine environment. It describes mechanics of biogenic elements of the marine environment in the process of production and destruction of autochthonous and allochthonous organic matter. This article discusses organics and flows of energy, which migrate to the trophic chain of the marine environment in the process of self-purification. And it shows the individual elements of the process of self-purification in the marine environment and the factors influencing it. In the article it is noted that self-cleaning of water environment happens due to the cycling of matter in the pond. It is emphasized that tension, focus and self-purification completeness are regulated by biotic turnover and energy turnover, which is determined by the type of limnological type of reservoir, geographical features (climate conditions), geophysical and anthropogenic impacts. The article notes that the more diverse system of organisms is, the fuller the compounds’ decay is. This property of organisms to complement each other is called buffering of the system. Complex system of organisms cope better with organic and bacterial contamination, but is less responsive to insertion nutrients; biotic cycle in complex systems is more intense. Bacterial community plays the major role in the process of self-purification of biological marine environments. They are the major element of the coastal zone ecosystems. This article shows that during the growth of bacterial populations most of the energy supplied to the aquatic ecosystems with auto- and allochthonous organic matter is processed. The bacteria prepare the conditions for the development of other organisms of water biocenosis. Concentration of the organic substrate regulates the growth rate of bacteria. Bacterial self-cleaning depends on the total number of microorganisms or their separate groups, locally contained in the marine environment.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.5.119-126

References
  1. Sinel'nikov V.E. Mekhanizm samoochishcheniya vodoemov [Mechanism of Basins Self Purification]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1980, 64 p.
  2. Pogoreltsev Yu.R., Mishin S.V. The Theoretical Aspects of the Sea Self-purification Processes` Intensification and the Technological Islands` Complexes Designing by the Black Sea Coast. Science, Technology and Higher Education: Materials of the III International Research and Practice Conference. Canada, Westwood, 2013, vol. 2, pp. 468—475. ISBN 978-1-77192-013-1. Available at: http://science-canada.com/10-2013-2.pdf.
  3. Gol'dberg G.A., Zats V.I. Modelirovanie protsessov samoochishcheniya vod [Modeling the Processes of Waters Self Purification]. Sevastopol', Institut biologii yuzhnykh morey im. A.O. Kovalevskogo AN USSR Publ., 1991, 59 p.
  4. Zaytsev Yu.P. Samoe sinee v mire [The Most Blue in the World]. United Nations Development Programme. New-York, UN Publ., 1998, Black Sea Environmental Series, vol. 6, 142 p.
  5. Shurda K.E. O nekotorykh ekologicheskikh problemakh i napravleniyakh Chernogo morya [On Some Ecological Problems and Directions of the Black Sea]. Odesa, TsNTPIONYuA Publ., 2003, pp. 56—58.
  6. Chepurnova E.A., Zharov N.A. Mikrobiologicheskie pokazateli v otsenke samoochishchayushchey sposobnosti morskikh vod [Microbiological Attributes in Estimating Self-Purifying Capacity of Sea Waters]. Sevastopol', Institut biologii yuzhnykh morey im. A.O. Kovalevskogo AN USSR Publ., 1984, 6 p.
  7. Mironov O.G. Bakterial'naya transformatsiya neftyanykh uglevodorodov v pribrezhnoy zone morya [Bacterial Transformation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Nearshore Zone]. Morskoy ekologicheskiy zhurnal [Sea Ecological Journal]. 2002, no. 1, pp. 56—66.
  8. Shevtsov V.S., Pogorel'tsev Yu.R. Issledovanie zakonomernostey biokhimicheskikh protsessov okisleniya zagryazneniy v morskoy srede [Investigating the Regularities of Biochemical Processes of Pollution Combustion in Sea Environment]. Morskie berega — evolyutsiya, ekologiya, ekonomika: materialy XXIV Mezhdunarodnoy beregovoy konferentsii, posvyashchennoy 60-letiyu so dnya osnovaniya Rabochey gruppy «Morskie berega» [Sea Shores — Evolution, Ecology, Economy: Materials of the 24th International Shore Conference, Dedicated to 60th Anniversary of the Working Group “Sea Shores”]. Tuapse, 1—6 October 2012, Krasnodar, Yug Publ., 2012, vol. 2, pp. 109—112.
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