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Bolotova Alina Sergeevna -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)
Assistant, Department of Information Systems, Technology and Automation in Construction, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation.
This article describes the scientific model information database of defects and irregularities identified in the organization of work in monolithic construction. Monolithic construction is a production system that consists of a number of random events. For each event a significant number of random factors are affected. The author examines and analyzes the characteristics of the technical failures that affect the organizational and technological reliability of building. Use of information technology makes it possible to calculate various indicators of operational efficiency of the process of detection and elimination of defects and failures of the production system. An important criterion in the process of sustainable development is the organizational and technological reliability (OTR), which describes the capabilities of the system to achieve the goal. The author generalized and systematized the available data. The author concludes that it is necessary to develop such organizational and technological solutions that will perform the work in a timely manner, with the required quality, without prejudice to the OTR of monolithic construction. Topicality of the article is due to the need in analysis of the organization of construction works and evaluation of the system of building control in the construction of monolithic reinforced concrete structures, with the aim of preventing the emergence of potential defects and irregularities in monolithic construction. Specialists in the field of risk analysis and assessment, experts and insurance companies, and organizations conducting the assessment can use the technique. Subject: organizational and technological reliability as a criterion for the quality of organization of monolithic construction, which affects the duration of work. Analysis of the interrelations between the index of OTR and technological defects and deviations in the production process by forming a database model has not been studied in detail until now. Materials and methods: for developing a technique for increasing the OTR, a general description of the object, its purpose and functions are presented. The indicators of the quality of the object and the characteristics affecting it are formed into an information database. Further, the parameters of factors and the range of their changes at which the normal functioning of the object is ensured are established. Results: using the method of expert assessments, the influence of the occurrence of certain undesirable events (failures) was quantified and the impact of these events on the achievement of the project objectives (duration of construction, cost, project quality) was assessed. The results of the analysis allow us to quickly assess the criticality of the violations identified, perform their ranking, and make corrective actions in the organization of production. The information presented in the database helps to quickly find the optimal technological solution that positively affects the time-saving. Conclusions: conducted analysis led to the conclusion that it is desirable to use the characteristics of the OTR of monolithic construction for the purposes of improving the quality of production processes and provided the information and the scientific basis necessary for improving the organization of production in civil engineering.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2017.9.1061-1069
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Zolina Tatyana Vladimirovna -
Astrakhan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (ASUACE)
Doctor of Technical Sciences, Vice-rector for Professional Education Development, Head of Construction and Economics College, Astrakhan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (ASUACE), 18 Tatishcheva st., Astrakhan, 414056, Russian Federation.
Research objective: assessment of the impact of crane loading on safe operation of building by using probabilistic methods; taking into account accumulation of damage in building’s structural elements occurring during operation period. Materials and methods: current computational schemes exploit procedures that do not take into consideration all external effects and changes in structures occurring during operation period of an industrial building. They do not provide algorithms for assessment of spatial response of building’s structures if probabilistic methods are used. Results: the experimental and theoretical research carried out by the author resulted in more precise definitions for computational models and for computational methods of analysis of industrial buildings under the action of various crane loads, including those that are not considered by regulatory documents. The suggested models and methods will enable us to design bearing structures of frameworks in accordance with their real operating conditions. The data obtained in a number of full-scale experiments lead to the conclusion that the amplitudes of vibrations caused by lateral forces when the overhead crane travels with a skew are significantly larger than the amplitudes observed during deceleration of the crane trolley. Conclusions: a hybrid algorithm has been developed; the suggested algorithm implements a complex of procedures for assessment of changes occurring in frame structures under different loading scenarios, during the service life of an industrial building.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2017.12.1352-1360
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Yang Hui -
Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Ph.D, Associate Professor, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhanlanlu, 100044, Xicheng District, Beijing, P.R. China;
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Lushin Kirill I. -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)
, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation.
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Plushenko Natalia Yu. -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)
, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation.
Considers the modern building envelope construction with outside skin used as a sun shields. Such a constriction is often used for buildings with low energy consumption. A number of factors besides sun radiation influencing on the performance of facade system in general and every certain parts and elements throughout the entire period of building operation. Subject: multilayer and double skin building facades and sun screens located on their surfaces. Including, dual-use facades combining functions of the sun screen and sub construction for the placement of photovoltaic cells. Materials and methods: the main method was an estimation the aerodynamic and air-thermal characteristics of a double skin façade. Was considered a construction with combined function of a sun shield. The method was previously used in evaluation of the air-thermal regime of hinged facade systems of buildings for cold period of a year. The general approach was advanced and verified by the results of full-scale tests of building facades in the warm period of the year. Results: indicates great influence of air and thermal conditions of air gap in double skin and similar construction facades on performance of façade system in general and on every certain part of it. Conclusions: the construction of complex facade systems with the use of up to date technologies requires additional study of the air-thermal conditions of the air gap between the main facade of the building and its second skin or sun screen. Ignoring the operational features of active sun shields under extreme loads can lead to a decrease in the equipment functionality and its premature failure.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2018.9.1154-1164
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Yavorskiy Andrey Andreevich -
Nizhniy Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (NNGASU)
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Building Technology;
+7 (831) 430-17-74, Nizhniy Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (NNGASU), 65 Il'inskaya St., Nizhniy Novgorod, 603950, Russian Federation;
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Kiselev Sergey Aleksandrovich -
Nizhniy Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (NNGASU)
Senior Lecturer, Department of Building Technology;
+7 (831) 430-17-74, Nizhniy Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (NNGASU), 65 Il'inskaya St., Nizhniy Novgorod, 603950, Russian Federation;
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The authors consider up-to-date methods of implementation of requirements stipulated by Federal Law no. 261-FZ that encompasses reduction of heat losses through installation of progressive heat-insulation systems, cement plaster system (CPS), and ventilated facades (VF). Unresolved problems of their efficient application caused by the absence of the all-Russian regulatory documents capable of controlling the processes of their installation and maintenance, as well as the projection of their behaviour, are also considered in the article.
The authors argue that professional skills of designers and construction workers responsible for the design and installation of façade systems influence the quality and reliability of design and construction works.
Unavailability of unified solutions or regulations serves as the objective reason for the unavailability of the respective database; therefore, there is an urgent need to perform a set of researches to have the unified database compiled.
The authors use the example of thermal insulation cement plaster systems designated for facades as results of researches into the quantitative analysis of safety systems. Collected and systematized data that cover defects that have proven to be reasons for failures, as well as potential methods of their prevention are also studied. Data on pilot studies of major factors of influence onto reliability of glutinous adhesion of CPS to the base of a wall are provided.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.12.78 - 84
References
- Skorokhodova N.Yu., Aleksandriya M.G. Rynok naruzhnykh sistem teploizolyatsii fasadov [Market of External Systems of Thermal Insulation of Facades]. Stroyprofil’ [Building Profile]. 2011, no. 8(94), pp. 38—40.
- Meneylyuk A.I., Dorofeev V.S., Lukashenko L.E., Moskalenko V.I., Petrovskiy A.F., Sokha V.G. Sovremennye fasadnye sistemy [Modern Fa?ade Systems]. Kiev, Osvita Ukrainy Publ., 2008, 340 p.
- Fux V. Thermal Simulation of Ventilated PV-facades. Loughborough, Volker Fux, 2006, 249 p.
- Babkov V.V., Kolesnik G.S., Dolgodvorov V.A., Ponomarenko G.T. O nadezhnosti i dolgovechnosti navesnykh fasadnykh sistem [On Reliability and Durability of Add-on Facade Systems]. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction Materials]. 2007, no. 7, pp. 24—26.
- Alekhin S.V. Navesnye fasadnye sistemy. Problemy, s kotorymi my stalkivaemsya [Add-on Facade Systems. Problems That We Face]. Stroyprofil’ [Building Profile]. 2007, no. 5(59), pp. 62—63.
- Skorokhodova N.Yu., Aleksandriya M.G. Rossiyskiy rynok fasadnykh sistem teploizolyatsii: istoriya i perspektivy [The Russian Market of Thermal Insulation Facade Systems: History and Prospects]. Stroyprofil’ [Building Profile]. 2010, no. 6(84), pp. 37—39.
- GOST R 51901.5—2005. Menedzhment riska. Rukovodstvo po primeneniyu metodov analiza nadezhnosti. [State Standard of Russia 51901.5—2005. Risk Management. Guide for Application of Methods of Reliability Analysis].
- Yavorskiy A.A., Kiselev S.A. Obespechenie kachestva teploizolyatsionno-otdelochnykh fasadnykh sistem monolitnykh ob”ektov [Quality Assurance of Thermal Insulation and Finishing Facade Systems of Site-cast Facilities]. Zhilishchnoe stroitel’stvo [Residential Housing Construction]. 2009, no.11, pp. 32—33.
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Mkrtychev Oleg Vartanovich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE)
Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Strength of Materials, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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Myasnikova Elena Stanislavovna -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE)
postgraduate student, Department of Strength of Materials, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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.
In the proposed article, the behaviour of a foundation slab resting on the linearly deformable bed and characterized by the modulus of deformation variable in x- and y-axis directions is considered. The modulus of deformation and the load distribution are based on a regular pattern that features the following parameters: modulus of deformation mean =25МРа coefficient of variation =0,2, load distribution mean 0,5 МРа; coefficient of variation =0,1. Correlation coefficients between 1, 2...=0As a result of the research, the authors have identified the empirical deflection to approximate the theoretical load distribution. The research has demonstrated that both deflection and slope values follow a regular load distribution pattern. If the deflection value exceeds 20 cm and the slope value exceeds 5cm, the structure fails. Therefore, the theory of probability may be applied to assess the probability of failure of any structure.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.5.29 - 33
References
- Mkrtychev O.V., Myasnikova E.S. Nadezhnost’ fundamentnykh konstruktsiy na nelineyno deformiruemom osnovanii [Reliability of Structures of Foundations Resting on the Nonlinearly Deformable Bedding]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2012, no. 4.
- Rzhanitsyn A.R. Teoriya rascheta stroitel’nykh raschetov na nadezhnost’ [Theory of Structural Analysis in terms of Reliability]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1978.
- Sobolev D.N. Statisticheskie modeli uprugogo osnovaniya [Statistical Models of the Elastic Bedding]. Moscow, Moscow Institute of Civil Engineering named after V.V. Kuybyshev, 1973.
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Zolina Tat’yana Vladimirovna -
18 Tatishcheva str., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor, First Vice-rector, 18 Tatishcheva str., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation, .
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Sadchikov Pavel Nikolaevich -
Astrakhan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (ASUACE)
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Automated Design and Modeling Systems, Astrakhan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (ASUACE), 18 Tatishcheva st., Astrakhan, 414056, Russian Federation.
The article presents the results of evaluation and prediction of reliability a building of the ship hull shop of Astrakhan sea plant under the action of complex combination of stresses. Basing on the values of geometric and stiffness characteristics, a computational model of the object of the study was built. The results were obtained in the course of realization of the method of limiting states, taking into account the random character of the current loads and the strength properties of the materials. Their reliability was confirmed by a multiple conduction of the searching algorithm of mathematical expectations and indicators of variations in the calculated parameters of building structures and operating loads. Numerical characteristics were determined by the results of two surveys of natural oscillations of the framework. During the study the authors evaluated stress-strain state of the building of the ship hull shop both taking into account seismic disturbances and their absence. The calculation of the perception of the seismic load was carried with choosing the earthquake model implementation by mapping the impact of the earthquake in the form of a set of random processes with defining spectra of the input and output. The presented results were obtained by the complex automation of calculating integrated indicators. Its components are: safety factor, depreciation rate of structures, reliability index and the residual resource of the framework. When predicting the durability of the research object the correlation dependencies are built in the form of: a fictitious function of generalized load; time function of stress; generalized function of the reserve coefficient; function of working capacity of the carcass structures; function of the reliability index. The developed algorithm for estimating the reliability of an industrial building can be adopted for use as a tool for further research. Its implementation allows accurately tracking the kinetics of the stress-strain state of individual elements and the overall framework of a particular object in the time of operation.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2015.10.20-31
References
- Rayzer V.D. Teoriya nadezhnosti v stroitel’nom proektirovanii [Reliability Theory in Construction Design]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 1998, 304 p. (In Russian)
- Tamrazyan A.G. Otsenka riska i nadezhnosti konstruktsiy i klyuchevykh elementov —neobkhodimoe uslovie bezopasnosti zdaniy i sooruzheniy [Assessment of Risk and Reliability of Structures and Key Elements — A Necessary Condition for Safety of Buildings and Structures]. Vestnik TsNIISK im. V.A. Kucherenko «Issledovaniya po teorii sooruzheniy» [Proceedings of Central Research Institute of Building Structures named after V.A. Kucherenko “Investigations on Theory of Structures”]. Moscow, TsNIISK Publ., 1988, 2009, no. 1, pp. 160—171. (In Russian)
- Bolotin V.V. Prognozirovanie resursa mashin i konstruktsiy [Resource Forecast of Machines and Structures]. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 1984, 312 p. (In Russian)
- Zolina T.V. Svodnyy algoritm rascheta promyshlennogo ob”ekta na deystvuyushchie nagruzki s otsenkoy ostatochnogo resursa [Synthesis Algorithm for Calculating Existing Load on an Industrial Facility with the Assessment of Residual Life]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering]. 2014, no. 6, pp. 3—5. (In Russian)
- Zolina T.V., Sadchikov P.N. Kontseptual’naya skhema issledovaniya napryazhenno-deformirovannogo sostoyaniya promyshlennogo zdaniya [Conceptual Scheme for Investigating the Stress-Strain State of an Industrial Building]. Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel’nogo universiteta. Seriya: Stroitel’stvo [Proceedings of Volgograd State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. Construction Series]. 2013, no. 33 (52), pp. 47—50. (In Russian)
- Tamrazyan A.G. K zadacham monitoringa riska zdaniy i sooruzheniy [To the Tasks of Monitoring the Risks of Buildings and Structures]. Stroitel’nye materialy, oborudovanie, tekhnologii XXI veka [Building Materials, Equipment, Technologies of the 21st Century]. 2013, no. 3 (170), pp. 19—21. (In Russian)
- Tamrazyan A.G. Otsenka obobshchennogo riska promyshlennykh ob”ektov, svyazannogo so stroitel’stvom i ekspluatatsiey [Estimation of Generalized Risk of Industrial Objects Associated with Construction and Operation]. Stroitel’nye materialy, oborudovanie, tekhnologii XXI veka [Building Materials, Equipment, Technologies of the 21st Century]. 2011, no. 11 (154), pp. 34—35. (In Russian)
- Tamrazyan A.G. Osnovnye printsipy otsenki riska pri proektirovanii zdaniy i sooruzheniy [Basic Principles of Risk Assessment in Structural Engineering]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 2—1, pp. 21—27. (In Russian)
- Zolina T.V., Sadchikov P.N. Revisiting the Reliability Assessment of Frame Constructions of Industrial Building. Applied Mechanics and Materials. 2015, vol. 752—753, pp. 1218—1223. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.752-753.1218.
- Fedorov B.C., Graminovskiy N.A. Analiz skhodimosti rezul’tatov rascheta nekotorykh programmnykh kompleksov [Convergence Analysis of Calculation Results of Some Software Complexes]. Stroitel’naya mekhanika inzhenernykh konstruktsiy i sooruzheniy [Structural Mechanics of Engineering Structures and Facilities]. 2007, no. 1, pp. 25—29. (In Russian)
- Zolina T.V., Sadchikov P.N. Avtomatizirovannaya sistema rascheta promyshlennogo zdaniya na kranovye i seysmicheskie nagruzki [Automated System of Calculating Crane and Seismic Loads of Industrial Buildings]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering]. 2012, no. 8, pp. 14—16. (In Russian)
- Bondarenko V.M., Fedorov V.S. Modeli v teoriyakh deformatsii i razrusheniya stroitel’nykh materialov [Models in Theories of Deformation and Fracture of Building Materials]. Academia. Arkhitektura i stroitel’stvo [Academia. Architecture and Construction]. 2013, no. 2, pp. 103—105. (In Russian)
- Bolotin V.V. Stochastic Models of Fracture with Applications to the Reliability Theory. Structural Safety and Reliability. Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, Elsevier, 1981, pp. 31—56.
- Ditlevsen O. Reliability against Defect Generated Fracture. Journal of Structural Mechanics. 1981, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 115—137. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03601218108907379.
- Blockley D.I. Reliability Theory — Incorporating Gross Errors. Structural Safety and Reliability. Eds. T. Moan, M. Shinozuka. Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, Elsevier, 1981, pp. 259—282.
- Lychev A.S. Veroyatnostnye metody rascheta stroitel’nykh elementov i system [Probabilistic Methods for Calculation of Building Components and Systems]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 1995, 143 p. (In Russian)
- Gordeev V.N., Lantukh-Lyashchenko A.I., Pashinskiy V.A., Perel’muter A.V., Pichugin S.F.Nagruzki i vozdeystviya na zdaniya i sooruzheniya [Loads and Effects on Buildings and Structures]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2007, 482 p. (In Russian)
- Gordeev V.N., Lantukh-Lyashchenko A.I., Pashinskiy V.A., Perel’muter A.V., Pichugin S.F.Nagruzki i vozdeystviya na zdaniya i sooruzheniya [Loads and Effects on Buildings and Structures]. Moscow, 3rd edition, revised. ASV Publ., 2011, 528 p. (In Russian).
- Lin Y.K., Shih T.Y. Column Response to Horizontal and Vertical Earthquakes. Journal of Engineering Mechanics Division, ASCE. 1980, vol. 106, no. EM-6, pp. 1099—1109.
- Tamrazyan A.G. Raschet elementov konstruktsiy pri zadannoy nadezhnosti i normal’nom raspredelenii nagruzki i nesushchey sposobnosti [Design of Structural Elements in the Event of the Preset Reliability, Regular Load and Bearing Capacity Distribution]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2012, no. 10, pp. 109—115. (In Russian)
- Pshenichkina V.A., Belousov A.S., Kuleshova A.N., Churakov A.A. Nadezhnost’ zdaniy kak prostranstvennykh sostavnykh sistem pri seysmicheskikh vozdeystviyakh [Reliability of Buildings as Spatial Composite Systems under Seismic Actions]. Volgograd, VolgGASU Publ., 2010, 180 p. (In Russian)
- Hoef N.P. Risk and Safety Considerations at Different Project Phases. Safety, Risk and Reliability — Trends in Engineering. International Conference, Malta. 2001, pp. 1—8.
- Moan T., Holand I. Risk Assessment of Offshore Structures: Experience and Principles. Structural Safety and Reliability. Eds. T. Moan, M. Shinozuka. Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, Elsevier, 1981, pp. 803—820.
- Tamrazyan A.G. Obosnovanie priemlemogo urovnya riska [Substantiation of an Acceptable Risk Level]. Izvestiya Orlovskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta. Seriya: Stroitel’stvo i transport [News of Orel State Technical University. Series: Construction and Transportation]. 2007, no. 4—16, pp. 107—108. (In Russian)
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Zolina Tat’yana Vladimirovna -
State Autonomous Educational Institution of the Astrakhan area of higher education "Astrakhan State Architectural and Construction University" (JSC GAOU VPO "AGASU")
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor, First Vice-rector, State Autonomous Educational Institution of the Astrakhan area of higher education "Astrakhan State Architectural and Construction University" (JSC GAOU VPO "AGASU"), 18 Tatishcheva str., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation;
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.
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Sadchikov Pavel Nikolaevich -
State Autonomous Educational Institution of the Astrakhan area of higher education "Astrakhan State Architectural and Construction University" (JSC GAOU VPO "AGASU")
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Automated Design and Modeling Systems, State Autonomous Educational Institution of the Astrakhan area of higher education "Astrakhan State Architectural and Construction University" (JSC GAOU VPO "AGASU"), 18 Tatishcheva str., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation;
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.
The article raises the problem of increasing the reliability of an industrial building bearing the entire set of frame disturbances. One of the ways to solve it is to mount extra structural elements, previously unrecorded in the design of the object. During the study we examined some of them: installation of mechanical transverse stiffening diaphragms; increasing the rigidity of the column part above the crane; arranging connecting rods located in levels of covering in the temperature seam and crane beams. Choosing the most effective option is determined by constructive and technological features of the research object. In our case, it acts as a one-storey industrial building of hull workshop of Astrakhan maritime shipyard, equipped with overhead cranes. Using this example the calculations, which were carried out, allow estimating the effect from acceptance of constructive solutions for installation of reinforced concrete diaphragms of stiffness at the edges of framework and increase the rigidity of the column part above the crane. During the study four options are considered for calculation scheme using wall panels. These should include representation of the device: as a solid wall; in two columns wide; for large aperture sizes; at the low altitude of the end of the opening. We have presented a comparative analysis of the results before and after the introduction of the corresponding elements in the calculating model of the research object. In the accepted system of constructive measures disc coating with high horizontal rigidity distributes the load on the front diaphragm. Increasing the stiffness of above the tower crane column part gives an additional effect, as an overhead crane is located closer to the cover and in case of the column of more developed section in the above the crane area, it passes the covering greater effort. In its turn, it prevents the transverse displacement and rotation, involving the entire framework into operation. The introduction of these measures contributes to: equal declining of displacements of stresses loads from the action of the nodal points of the frame, both in the level of brake beams and in the surface level; increasing the period of achieving the object’s maximal allowable condition and an extended period of its faultless operation.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2015.11.68-79
References
- Gordeev V.N., Lantukh-Lyashchenko A.I., Pashinskiy V.A., Perel’muter A.V., Pichugin S.F. Nagruzki i vozdeystviya na zdaniya i sooruzheniya [Loads and Effects on Buildings and Structures]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2007, 482 p. (In Russian)
- Gordeev V.N., Lantukh-Lyashchenko A.I., Pashinskiy V.A., Perel’muter A.V., Pichugin S.F. Nagruzki i vozdeystviya na zdaniya i sooruzheniya [Loads and Effects on Buildings and Structures]. Moscow, 3rd edition, revised. ASV Publ., 2011, 528 p. (In Russian)
- Bolotin V.V. Stochastic Models of Fracture with Applications to the Reliability Theory. Structural Safety and Reliability. Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, Elsevier, 1981, pp. 31—56.
- Bolotin V.V. Prognozirovanie resursa mashin i konstruktsiy [Resource Forecast of Machines and Structures]. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 1984, 312 p. (In Russian)
- Tamrazyan A.G. Otsenka riska i nadezhnosti konstruktsiy i klyuchevykh elementov —neobkhodimoe uslovie bezopasnosti zdaniy i sooruzheniy [Assessment of Risk and Reliability of Structures and Key Elements — A Necessary Condition for Safety of Buildings and Structures]. Vestnik TsNIISK im. V.A. Kucherenko «Issledovaniya po teorii sooruzheniy» [Proceedings of Central Research Institute of Building Structures named after V.A. Kucherenko “Investigations on Theory of Structures]. Moscow, TsNIISK Publ., 2009, no. 1, pp. 160—171. (In Russian)
- Zolina T.V., Sapozhnikov A.I. Patent 2401364 RF, MPK E04V1/00. Konstruktivnye sredstva uvelicheniya prostranstvennoy zhestkosti odnoetazhnykh promyshlennykh zdaniy s mostovymi kranami [Russian Patent 2401364 RF, MPK E04V1/00. Structural Means of Increasing the Space Rigidity of One-Storey Industrial Buildings with Bridge Cranes]. Patent holder AISI. Notice no. 2008130209/03; appl. 21.07.2008; publ. 10.10.2010, bulletin no. 28. 7 p. (In Russian)
- Dobshits L.M., Fedorov V.S. Povyshenie prochnosti i dolgovechnosti stroitel’nykh konstruktsiy [Raising Stability and Reliability of Building Structures]. Izvestiya Orlovskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta. Seriya: Stroitel’stvo i transport [News of Orel State Technical University. Building and Transport]. 2007, no. 2—14, pp. 196—198. (In Russian)
- Tamrazyan A.G. Raschet elementov konstruktsiy pri zadannoy nadezhnosti i normal’nom raspredelenii nagruzki i nesushchey sposobnosti [Design of Structural Elements in the Event of the Preset Reliability, Regular Load and Bearing Capacity Distribution]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2012, no. 10, pp. 109—115. (In Russian)
- Zolina T.V., Sadchikov P.N. Kontseptual’naya skhema issledovaniya napryazhenno-deformirovannogo sostoyaniya promyshlennogo zdaniya [Conceptual Scheme for Investigating the Stress-Strain State of an Industrial Building]. Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel’nogo universiteta. Seriya: Stroitel’stvo [Proceedings of Volgograd State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. Construction Series]. 2013, no. 33 (52), pp. 47—50. (In Russian)
- Bondarenko V.M., Fedorov V.S. Modeli v teoriyakh deformatsii i razrusheniya stroitel’nykh materialov [Models in Theories of Deformation and Fracture of Building Materials]. Academia. Arkhitektura i stroitel’stvo [Academia. Architecture and Construction]. 2013, no. 2, pp. 103—105. (In Russian)
- Klyueva N.V., Tamrazyan A.G. Osnovopolagayushchie svoystva konstruktivnykh sistem, ponizhayushchikh risk otkaza elementov zdaniya [Fundamental Features of Structural Systems Decreasing the Risk of Structural Failures]. Izvestiya Yugo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [News of Southwest State University]. 2012, no. 5—2 (44), pp. 126—131.
- Zolina T.V., Sadchikov P.N. Revisiting the Reliability Assessment of Frame Constructions of Industrial Building. Applied Mechanics and Materials. 2015, vol. 752—753, pp. 1218—1223. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.752-753.1218.
- Zolina T.V., Sadchikov P.N. Avtomatizirovannaya sistema rascheta promyshlennogo zdaniya na kranovye i seysmicheskie nagruzki [Automated System of Calculating Crane and Seismic Loads of Industrial Buildings]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering]. 2012, no. 8, pp. 14—16. (In Russian)
- Rayzer V.D. Teoriya nadezhnosti v stroitel’nom proektirovanii [Reliability Theory in Construction Design]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 1998, 304 p. (In Russian)
- Tamrazyan A.G. Osnovnye printsipy otsenki riska pri proektirovanii zdaniy i sooruzheniy [Basic Principles of Risk Assessment in Structural Engineering]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 2—1, pp. 21—27. (In Russian)
- Klyueva N.V., Bukhtiyarova A.S., Androsova N.B. K analizu issledovaniy zhivuchesti konstruktivnykh sistem pri zaproektnykh vozdeystviyakh [On the Survivability Analysis of Structural Systems in Case of Influences Beyond Design]. Stroitel’stvo i rekonstruktsiya [Construction and Reconstruction]. 2009, no. 4—24, pp. 15—21. (In Russian)
- Travush V.I., Kolchunov V.I., Klyueva N.V. Nekotorye napravleniya razvitiya teorii zhivuchesti konstruktivnykh sistem zdaniy i sooruzheniy [Some Development Directions of Survivability Theory of Structurel Systems of Buildings and Structures]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering]. 2015, no. 3, pp. 4—11. (In Russian)
- Tamrazyan A.G. Otsenka obobshchennogo riska promyshlennykh ob”ektov, svyazannogo so stroitel’stvom i ekspluatatsiey [Estimation of Generalized Risk of Industrial Objects Associated with Construction and Operation]. Stroitel’nye materialy, oborudovanie, tekhnologii XXI veka [Building Materials, Equipment, Technologies of the 21st Century]. 2011, no. 11 (154), pp. 34—35. (In Russian)
- Kagan P.B. Analiz pokazateley investitsionno-stroitel’nykh programm [Analysis of Investment-Building Program Indicators]. Ekonomika i predprinimatel’stvo [Economy and Entrepreneurship]. 2015, no. 6—3 (59—3), pp. 614—616. (In Russian)
- Korol’ E.A. Analiz sostoyaniya i tendentsiy gradostroitel’noy deyatel’nosti v realizatsii proektov rekonstruktsii i renovatsii promyshlennykh zon Moskvy [Analysis of Status and Trends of Urban Development Activities While Implementing the Projects of Reconstruction and Renovation of Industrial Zones in Moscow]. Nedvizhimost’: ekonomika, upravlenie [Real Estate: Economy, Management]. 2014, no. 1—2, pp. 48—51. (In Russian)
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Utkin Vladimir Sergeevich -
Vologda State University (VStU)
Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Industrial and Civil Engineering, Vologda State University (VStU), 15 Lenina str., Vologda, 16000, Russian Federation;
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Solov’ev Sergey Aleksandrovich -
Vologda State University (VStU)
postgraduate student, Assistant Lecturer, Department of Industrial and Civil Engineering, Vologda State University (VStU), 15 Lenina str., Vologda, 16000, Russian Federation;
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The mechanical (structural) reliability of a building, safety of people and continuity of the technological processes in buildings and structures depend on the reliability of the bearing structures on operation stage, including reinforced concrete beams. One of the measures to provide safety and reliability is the probability of no-failure operation of structural elements or systems of elements. For reliability calculation the Russian State Standard recommends to apply probability and statistical methods when possessing enough data on variability of the controlled parameters in the mathematical model of the limit state, in particular, when the amount of data allows conducting its statistical analysis. In the current time there appear the works pointing, that the future advancing of calculation methods for building structures requires the wide use of reliability theory. The article describes the methods for calculating the reliability of a reinforced concrete beam according to the criterion of crack length with the limited statistical information about controlled parameters. The authors illustrate the application of the theory of evidence to determine the statistical mathematical expectation of reliability in the presence of a subset of reliability intervals. Each design case is followed by numerical examples. The article underlines the importance of applying fracture mechanics for the further development of the methods of calculation of reinforced concrete structures.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2016.1.68-79
References
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- Rzhanitsyn A.R. Teoriya rascheta stroitel’nykh konstruktsiy na nadezhnost’ [Theory of the Reliability Calculation of Building Structures]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ.,1978, 239 p.
- Spaethe G. Die Sicherheit tragender Baukonstruktionen. 1992, Springer-Verlag Wien, 306 p. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6690-1.
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- Iskhakov Sh.Sh., Kovalev F.E., Vaskevich V.M., Ryzhkov V.Yu. Otsenka nadezhnosti ekspluatatsii zdaniy i sooruzheniy po metodikam vozniknoveniya riska ikh nerabotosposobnykh sostoyaniy [Estimating the Reliability of Buildings and Structures according to the Methods of the Risk of Unserviceability]. Inzhenerno-stroitel’nyy zhurnal [Magazine of Civil Engineering]. 2012, vol. 33, no. 7, pp. 76—88. (In Russian)
- Utkin V.S., Kaberova A.A. Raschet nadezhnosti osnovaniya fundamenta, slozhennogo prosadochnymi gruntami, po kriteriyu deformatsii s uchetom izmenchivosti tolshchin sloev grunta [Calculating the Reliability of Building Foundation Laid by Collapsing Soil Accoding to Deformation Criterion with Account for Variability of Soil Layer Thickness]. Spravochnik. Inzhenernyy zhurnal s prilozheniem [Handbook. An Engineering Journal with Appendix]. 2015, no. 11, pp. 17—22. (In Russian)
- Utkin V.S., Utkin L.V. Novye metody raschetov nadezhnosti stroitel’nykh konstruktsiy [New Methods of Reliability Calculation of Building Structures]. Vologda, VoGTU Publ., 2011, 98 p. (In Russian)
- Piradov K.A., Savitskiy N.V. Mekhanika razrusheniya i teoriya zhelezobetona [Fracture Mechanics and the Theory of Reinforced Concrete]. Beton i zhelezobeton [Concrete and Reinforced Concrete]. 2014, no. 4, pp. 23—25. (In Russian)
- Klyueva N.V., Kolchunov V.I., Yakovenko N.A. Problemnye zadachi razvitiya gipotez mekhaniki razrusheniya primenitel’no k raschetu zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsiy [Problem Tasks for the Development of the Hypotheses of Fracture Mechanics Applied to Reinforced Concrete Structures Calculation]. Izvestiya Kazanskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel’nogo universiteta [News of Kazan State University of Architecture and Construction]. 2014, no. 3, pp. 41—45. (In Russian)
- Perfilov V.A. Kontrol’ deformatsii i razrusheniya betonov metodami mekhaniki razrusheniya i akusticheskoy emissii [Control of Deformation and Fracture of Concrete by the Methods of Fracture Mechanics and Acoustic Emission]. Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel’nogo universiteta. Seriya: Stroitel’stvo i arkhitektura [Bulletin of Volgograd State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. Series: Construction and Architecture]. 2014, no. 38, pp. 75—84. (In Russian)
- Druzhinin P.S. Raschet parametrov mekhaniki razrusheniya v Ansys mechanical 15.0 [Calculation of the Parameters of Fracture Mechanics in Ansys Mechanical 15.0]. SAPR i grafika [SAPR and Graphics]. 2014, no. 7 (213), pp. 58—61. (In Russian)
- Baranova T.I., Zalesov A.S. Karkasno-sterzhnevye raschetnye modeli i inzhenernye metody rascheta zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsiy [Frame-and-Rod Design Models and Engineering Methods of Calculation of Reinforced Concrete Structures]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2003, 240 p. (In Russian)
- Utkin V.S., Solov’ev S.A. Opredelenie ostatochnoy nesushchey sposobnosti zhelezobetonnykh balok na stadii ekspluatatsii po kriteriyu dliny treshchiny [Calculation of Residual Bearing Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Beams on Operation Stage by Crack Length Criterion]. Beton i zhelezobeton [Concrete and Reinforced Concrete]. 2015, no. 5 (596), pp. 21—23. (In Russian)
- Bedov A.I., Saprykin V.F. Obsledovanie i rekonstruktsiya zhelezobetonnykh i kamennykh konstruktsiy ekspluatiruemykh zdaniy i sooruzheniy [Inspection and Reconstruction of Reinforced Concrete and Masonry Structures of Operating Buildings and Structures]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 1995, 192 p. (In Russian)
- Instrumental’nye sredstva nerazrushayushchego kontrolya tekhnicheskogo sostoyaniya zdaniy [Tools of Non-Destructive Control of Technical Condition of Buildings]. Biblioteka nauchno-tekhnicheskogo portala «Tekhnar’» [Library of Scientific and Technical Portal “Engineering Expert”]. Available at: http://tehlib.com/ispy-taniya-i-obsledovaniya-zdanij-i-sooruzhenij/instrumentalnye-sredstva-nerazrushayuschego-kontrolya-tehnicheskogo-sostoyaniya-zdanij/. Date of access: 21.10.2015. (In Russian)
- Peresypkin E.N. Raschet sterzhnevykh zhelezobetonnykh elementov [Calculation of Rod Reinforced Concrete Elements]. Moscow, Stroyizdat, 1988. 168 p. (In Russian)
- Dyubua D., Prad A. Teoriya vozmozhnostey. Prilozheniya k predstavleniyu znaniy v informatike [The Theory of Possibilities. Application to Knowledge Representation in Informatics]. Translated from French. Moscow, Radio i svyaz’ Publ., 1990, 288 p. (In Russian)
- Utkin V.S., Solov’ev S.A., Kaberova A.A. Znachenie urovnya sreza (riska) pri raschete nadezhnosti nesushchikh elementov vozmozhnostnym metodom [The Value of the Level Slicer (Risk) in the Calculation of Reliability of Bearing Elements by Possibilistic Method]. Stroitel’naya mekhanika i raschet sooruzheniy [Structural Mechanics and Calculation of Structures]. 2015, no. 6, pp. 63—67. (In Russian)
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- Alimov A.G., Karpunin V.V. Patent 2279069 RU, MPK G01N 29/07. Sposob ul’trazvukovogo kontrolya betonnykh i zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsiy sooruzheniy v protsesse ekspluatatsii na nalichie glubokikh treshchin [Russian Patent 2279069 RU, MPK G01N 29/07. [Ultrasonic Control Method of Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Structures during Operation for the Presence of Deep Cracks]. Patent holder VIAPI. No. 2005110012/28 ; appl. 06.04.2005; publ. 27.06.2006, bulletin no. 18. (In Russian)
- Zhang Z., Jiang C., Han X., Dean Hu., Yu S. A Response Surface Approach for Structure Reliability Analysis Using Evidence Theory. Advanced in Engineering Software. 2014, vol. 69, pp. 37—45. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advengsoft.2013.12.005.
- Utkin V.S., Solov’ev S.A. Opredelenie nesushchey sposobnosti i nadezhnosti stal’noy balki na stadii ekspluatatsii s ispol’zovaniem teorii svidetel’stv Dempstera — Shefera [Calculation of bearing capacity and reliability of a steel beam at the operation stage using the theory of evidence of Dempster — Sheffer]. Deformatsiya i razrushenie materialov [Deformation and Fracture of Materials]. 2015, no. 7, pp. 10—15. (In Russian)
- Utkin L.V. Analiz riska i prinyatie resheniy pri nepolnoy informatsii [Risk Analysis and Decision Making with Incomplete Information]. Saint Petersburg, Nauka Publ., 2007, 404 p. (In Russian)
- Utkin V.S., Solov’ev S.A. Raschet nadezhnosti elementov konstruktsiy po kriteriyu nesushchey sposobnosti s ispol’zovaniem teorii svidetel’stv Dempstera-Shefera [Calculation of Reliability of Structural Elements according to the Criteria of the Bearing Capacity Using the Theory of Evidence]. Stroitel’naya mekhanika i raschet sooruzheniy [Structural mechanics and calculation of structures]. 2015, no. 5 (262), pp. 38—44. (In Russian)
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Zolina Tat’yana Vladimirovna -
State Autonomous Educational Institution of the Astrakhan area of higher education "Astrakhan State Architectural and Construction University" (JSC GAOU VPO "AGASU")
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor, First Vice-rector, State Autonomous Educational Institution of the Astrakhan area of higher education "Astrakhan State Architectural and Construction University" (JSC GAOU VPO "AGASU"), 18 Tatishcheva str., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation;
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Tusnin Aleksandr Romanovich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Chair, Department of Metal Structures, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation.
An accumulation of defects caused by the action of the loads both man-made and external leads to a decrease in the carrying capacity of the carcass structure during operation of industrial buildings. Most notably this problem manifests itself in the buildings equipped with crane equipment. During operation the columns and crane girders obtain significant deformation, and this entails a reduction in structural stiffness characteristics. At the same time a load factor is enhanced when using heavier equipment. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to identify the opportunities to ensure the reliability required for an industrial building equipped with overhead cranes. The study has developed a complex of calculation methods, the main task of which is to estimate the residual resource of a specific period of technical system operation, taking into account the random nature of a whole set of disturbances. The analysis of the results obtained by the consistent implementation of these techniques allows tracking the dynamics of changes in the stress-strain state of load-bearing structures of industrial objects in operation.In order to solve the problem of providing rigidity frames and improve the reliability of their safe operation the authors propose constructive measures to slow the rate recorded in the calculation of the bearing capacity loss of the system. For this aim we suggest setting the end face transverse stiffening diaphragms, increasing the rigidity of the column above the crane, arranging some connecting rods in the temperature seam, located in the levels of coating and under crane beams. These measures should be used together, which allows achieving a significant effect in providing transverse rigidity. The coating disk with a sufficiently high horizontal rigidity is able to transfer a portion of the load acting on the transverse frames on transverse end faces of the diaphragm. The binder rods prevent relative lateral displacement of the temperature blocks relative to each other, thereby they put the entire frame under the action of horizontal crane loads into operation. Increasing the stiffness of the column above the crane allows transferring a significant part of the effort to the coating when the bridge crane has close proximity to the coating.The proposed constructions are easy to manufacture and do not require the device holes, which weaken the structure. They can be made not only while erecting the buildings, but also in the already constructed ones by increasing the carrying capacity of the overhead cranes. In this paper we evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed measures to improve the structural rigidity of frameworks on the example of several industrial buildings. The comparative analysis of the results obtained before and after the introduction of affirmative action has shown that their arrangement reduces the horizontal displacements of the frame, in the level of crane girders, and the level of coating, with a larger effect observed in the buildings with heavy-duty overhead cranes. This reduction of displacement involves the growth of bending moments values in above the crane column part and the reduction of the magnitude moments in the under crane part. At the great height under the crane portion of the column in most buildings these changes can save generally significant amounts of steel for the framework.Thus, the proposed technical solutions are aimed not only at extending the safe operation of industrial buildings, but also have a positive effect in case of re-production associated with an increase in the lifting capacity of crane equipment, with little financial cost.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2015.6.41-49
References
- Gordeev V.N., Lantukh-Lyashchenko A.I., Pashinskiy V.A., Perel’muter A.V., Pichugin S.F. Nagruzki i vozdeystviya na zdaniya i sooruzheniya [Loads and Effects on Buildings and Structures]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2007, 482 p. (In Russian)
- Gordeev V.N., Lantukh-Lyashchenko A.I., Pashinskiy V.A., Perel’muter A.V., Pichugin S.F. Nagruzki i vozdeystviya na zdaniya i sooruzheniya [Loads and Effects on Buildings and Structures]. Moscow, 3rd edition, ASV Publ., 2011, 528 p. (In Russian)
- Bolotin V.V. Stochastic Models of Fracture with Applications to the Reliability Theory. Structural Safety and Reliability. Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, Elsevier, 1981, pp. 31—56.
- Ditlevsen O. Reliability against Defect Generated Fracture. Journal of Structural Mechanics. 1981, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 115—137. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03601218108907379.
- Blockley D.I. Reliability Theory — Incorporating Gross Errors. Structural Safety and Reliability. Eds. T. Moan, M. Shinozuka. Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, Elsevier, 1981, pp. 259—282.
- Pshenichkina V.A., Belousov A.S., Kuleshova A.N., Churakov A.A. Nadezhnost’ zdaniy kak prostranstvennykh sostavnykh sistem pri seysmicheskikh vozdeystviyakh [Reliability of Buildings as Spatial Composite Systems under Seismic Actions]. Volgograd, VolgGASU Publ., 2010, 180 p. (In Russian)
- Lin Y.K., Shih T.Y. Column Response to Horizontal and Vertical Earthquakes. Journal of Engineering Mechanics Division, ASCE. 1980, vol. 106, no. EM-6, pp. 1099—1109.
- Rayzer V.D. Teoriya nadezhnosti v stroitel’nom proektirovanii : monografiya [Reliability Theory in Construction Design: Monograph]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 1998, 304 p. (In Russian)
- Holicky M., Ostlund L. Vagueness of Serviceability Requirements. Proceeding of the International Conference “Design and Assessment of Building Structures”. Vol. 2. Prague, 1996, pp. 81—89.
- Hoef N.P. Risk and Safety Considerations at Different Project Phases. Safety, Risk and Reliability — Trends in Engineering. International Conference, Malta. 2001, pp. 1—8.
- Tamrazyan A.G. Otsenka riska i nadezhnosti nesushchikh konstruktsiy i klyuchevykh elementov — neobkhodimoe uslovie bezopasnosti zdaniy i sooruzheniy [Risk and Reliability Assessment of Structures and Key Elements — A Necessary Condition for the Safety of Buildings and Structures]. Vestnik NITs «Stroitel’stvo» [Proceedings of the Research Center of Construction]. 2009, no. 1, pp. 160—171. (In Russian)
- Tamrazyan A.G. Raschet elementov konstruktsiy pri zadannoy nadezhnosti i normal’nom raspredelenii nagruzki i nesushchey sposobnosti [Design of Structural Elements in the Event of the Preset Reliability, Regular Load and Bearing Capacity Distribution]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2012, no. 10, pp. 109—115. (In Russian)
- Bolotin V.V. Prognozirovanie resursa mashin i konstruktsiy [Resource Projections of Machines and Structures]. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 1984, 312 p. (In Russian)
- Moan T., Holand I. Risk Assessment of Offshore Structures: Experience and Principles. Structural Safety and Reliability. Eds. T. Moan, M. Shinozuka. Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, Elsevier, 1981, pp. 803—820.
- Zolina T.V. Svodnyy algoritm rascheta promyshlennogo ob
- Brown C.B. Entropy Constructed Probabilities. Journal of Engineering Mechanics, ASCE. 1980, vol. 106, no. EM-4, pp. 633—640.
- Tichy M. On the Reliability Measure. Struct/Safety. 1988, vol. 5, pp. 227—235.
- Lychev A.S. Veroyatnostnye metody rascheta stroitel’nykh elementov i system [Probabilistic Methods for Design of Construction Components and Systems]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 1995, 143 p. (In Russian)
- Zolina T.V., Sapozhnikov A.I. Patent № 2401364 RF, MPK E04B001/00. Konstruktivnye sredstva uvelicheniya prostranstvennoy zhestkosti odnoetazhnykh promyshlennykh zdaniy s mostovymi kranami [Russian Patent no. 2401364 RF, MPK E04B001/00/ Constructive Means of Increasing the Spatial Rigidity of Single-Storey Industrial Buildings with Overhead Cranes]. № 2008130209/03 ; zayavl. 27.01.2010 ; opubl. 10.10.2010. Byul. № 28 [No. 2008130209/03 ; appl. 27.01.2010 ; publ. 10.10.2010, bulletin no. 28]. Patent holder GAOU AO VPO «AISI». 7 p. (In Russian)
- Zolina T.V. Obespechenie bezopasnoy ekspluatatsii promyshlennykh zdaniy s kranovym oborudovaniem [Providing Safe Operation of Industrial Buildings with Crane Equipment]. Modernizatsiya regionov Rossii: investitsii v innovatsii: materialy IV Mezhdunar. nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii (15 oktyabrya 2010 g.) [Modernization of the Russian Regions: Investments into Innovations. Proceedings of the 4th International Science and Practice Conference (October 15, 2010)]. Astrakhan, Sorokin R.V. Publ., 2010, pp. 16—18. (In Russian)
- Zolina T.V., Sadchikov P.N. Kontseptual’naya skhema issledovaniya napryazhenno-deformirovannogo sostoyaniya promyshlennogo zdaniya [Conceptual Scheme for Investigating the Stress-Strain State of an Industrial Building]. Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel’nogo universiteta. Seriya: Stroitel’stvo i arkhitektura [Proceedings of Volgograd State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. Series: Construction and Architecture]. 2013, no. 33 (52), pp. 47—50. (In Russian)
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Solov'yanchik Aleksandr Romanovich -
JSC «Scientific Research Institute of Transport Construction» (JSC CNIIS)
Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Chief Research Scientist, JSC «Scientific Research Institute of Transport Construction» (JSC CNIIS), 1, Kol’skaya st., Moscow, 129329, Russian Federation;
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Ginzburg Aleksandr Vladimirovich -
Scientific Production Association «Cosmos» (LLK «NPO «KOSMOS»)
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Vice-President for Regional Development, Scientific Production Association «Cosmos» (LLK «NPO «KOSMOS»), 38-25, Shosse Entuziastov, Moscow, 111123, Russian Federation;
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Pulyaev Ivan Sergeevich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
Candidate of Technical Sciences, associate Professor, Department of construction materials, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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Recently the requirements to the high quality of works for critical groups of buildings are more rigid in Russia. This also concerns the transport structures, which play the key role, such as bridges, tunnels, overpasses and other similar facilities. Particularly high requirements for these structures are: reliability, frost resistance, water resistance, crack resistance and durability. In this article the main principles of providing high consumer properties of these objects are highlighted. Modern achievements in concrete researches are used, which are based on scientific studies performed in JSC CNIIS.The main problem in the process of concrete curing is not only in thermostressed state, which depends on the temperature and on the features of structure formation related to the changes in temperature regime of hardening concrete. The service properties of concrete are also influenced by different kinds of thermal stresses, occurring during concrete hardening: submicrostresses, microstresses and macrostresses. A special role in the theory of concrete hardening is played by the so-called own (or residual) thermal stress, which increases or decreases fracture of constructions. With the help of the accounting for these types of thermal stresses, the author shows how to increase crack resistance of concrete constructions without use of extra means of protection from temperature cracks. Furthermore, the author vividly shows, how to consider the magnitude of the temperature drops properly, which occur in concrete and lead to the formation of residual thermal stresses. The research of thermal stresses helps to reduce the cost of the device for additional thermal insulation of concrete, and to achieve high consumer properties of a construction. Positive results from the performed work were used in the construction of a number of transport tunnels in the city of Moscow, which led to the acceleration of their construction and reduced the cost of providing perfect quality of performed works.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.10.156-165
References
- Luk'yanov V.S., Denisov I.I. Raschet termouprugikh deformatsiy massivnykh betonnykh opor mostov dlya razrabotki mer po povysheniyu ikh treshchinostoykosti [Thermoelastic Deformation Analysis of Concrete Plate Piers for the Methods Development for Increasing their Crack Resistance]. Sbornik trudov TsNIIS [Collected works of the Central Research Institute of Transport Construction]. Moscow, TsNIIS Publ., 1970, no. 36, pp. 4—43.
- Luk'yanov V.S., Solov'yanchik A.R. Fizicheskie osnovy prognozirovaniya sobstvennogo termonapryazhennogo sostoyaniya betonnykh i zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsiy [Physical Basis of Predicting the Own Termostressed State of Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Structures]. Sbornik trudov TsNIIS [Collected works of the Central Research Institute of Transport Construction]. Moscow, TsNIIS Publ., 1972, no. 75, pp. 36—42.
- Sychev M.M. Tverdenie vyazhushchikh veshchestv [The Hardening of the Binders]. Leningrad, Stroyizdat Publ., 1974, 80 p.
- Sychev M.M. Tverdenie tsementov [Hardening of the Cements]. Leningrad, LTI imeni Lensoveta Publ., 1981, 88 p.
- Schoppel K., Plannerer M. Springenschmid R. Determination of Restraint Stresses of Material Properties during Hydration of Concrete with the Temperature-stress Testing Machine. Proceedings of the International RILEM Symposium. Munich, 1994, no. 25, pp. 153—160.
- Solovyanchik A.R., Krylov B.A., Malinsky E.N. Inherent Thermal Stress Distributions in Concrete Structures and Method for their Control. Thermal Cracking in Concrete at Early Ages. Proceedings of the International RILEM Symposium. Munich, 1994, no. 25, pp. 369—376.
- Thielen G., Hintzen W. Investigation of Concrete Behavior under Restraint with a Temperature-stress Test Machine. Proceedings of the International RILEM Symposium. Munich, 1994, no. 25, pp. 142—152.
- Antonov E.A. Tekhnologicheskaya osobennost' kachestva — real'naya sistema organizatsii stroitel'stva sooruzheniy s garantirovannoy ekspluatatsionnoy nadezhnost'yu [Technological Feature of the Quality — a Real Construction Organizational System with the Guaranteed Servicability]. Sbornik trudov TsNIIS [Collected works of the Central Research Institute of Transport Construction]. Moscow, TsNIIS Publ., 2003, no. 217, pp. 222—226.
- Solov'yanchik A.R., Sychev A.P., Shifrin S.A. Opyt provedeniya rabot po vyyavleniyu i ustraneniyu defektov i treshchin pri stroitel'stve Gagarinskogo i Volokolamskogo tonneley v g. Moskve [An Experience in Localizing and Fixing the Defects and Cracks in the process of Constructing Gagarinskiy and Volokolamskiy Tonnels in Moscow]. Sbornik trudov TsNIIS [Collected works of the Central Research Institute of Transport Construction]. Moscow, TsNIIS Publ., 2002, no. 209, pp. 6—18.
- Shifrin S.A. Uchet neritmichnosti tekhnologicheskikh protsessov pri vybore i obosnovanii rezhimov betonirovaniya raznomassivnykh konstruktsiy transportnykh sooruzheniy [Accounting for the Unsteadiness of Technological Processes in the process of Choosing and Rationalizing Concrete Pouring Regimes of Transport Facilities Constructions]. Sbornik trudov TsNIIS [Collected works of the Central Research Institute of Transport Construction]. Moscow, TsNIIS Publ., 2003, no. 217, pp. 206—216.
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Gustov Yuriy Ivanovich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
Doctor of Technical Sciences, Profes- sor, Department of Machinery, Machine Elements and Process Metallurgy; +7 (499) 183-94-95, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Rus- sian Federation;
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Voronina Irina Vladimirovna -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
Senior Lecturer, Department of Building and Hoisting Machinery, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; +7 (499) 182-16-87;
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Allattouf Hassan Lattouf -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
postgraduate student, Department of Mechanic Equip- ment, Details of Machines and Technology of Metals, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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The primary objective of the research is the synergetic reliability of perlite-reduced structural steel 09G2FB exposed to various thermal and mechanical treatments. In the aftermath of the above exposure, the steel in question has proved to assume a set of strength-related and plastic mechanical properties (σσδ and ψ).
On the basis of the above, an equation is formed\[{{{\sigma }_{\Tau }}}/{{{\sigma }_{\Beta }}+{\delta }/{\Psi }\;=}\;={{\left[ {\left( 1+{{\delta }_{}} \right)}/{\left( 1+{{\delta }_{\Rho }} \right)}\; \right]}^{{1}/{\Psi }\;}},\] and its solution in respect of the uniform component ${{\delta }_{\text{P}}}$ is used to generate the expression \[{{\delta }_{\Rho }}={{\left[ {\left( 1+\delta \right)}/{{{}^{\Psi }}}\; \right]}^{0,5}}-1\]and, hence \[{{\Psi }_{\Rho }}={{{\delta }_{\Rho }}}/{\left( 1+{{\delta }_{\Rho }} \right)}\;.\] To use the synergy criteria, the following expression is applied: \[{{S}_{\Beta }}={{{\sigma }_{\Beta }}}/{\left( 1-{{\Psi }_{\Rho }} \right)}\;,{{S}_{\operatorname{K}}}={{\sigma }_{\Beta }}\left[ {1+\Psi }/{\left( 1-{{\Psi }_{\Rho }} \right)}\; \right],\] as well as the following expression of specific uniform and a specific limit energy :
\[{{W}_{\Rho }}=0,5\left( {{\sigma }_{\Tau }}+{{S}_{B}} \right)\ln \left[ {1}/{\left( 1-{{\Psi }_{\Rho }} \right)}\; \right],{{W}_{C}}=0,5\left( {{\sigma }_{\Tau }}+{{S}_{K}} \right)\ln \left[ {1}/{\left( 1-\Psi \right)}\; \right].\]
\[{{K}_{}}={{{W}_{C}}}/{{{S}_{T}}}\;,G={{{W}_{}}}/{{{W}_{C}},}\;{{K}_{a}}={{{W}_{C}}}/{{{A}_{C}}}\;,\]where static viscosity is calculated according to:\[{{}_{}}=0,5\left( {{S}_{\operatorname{K}}}-{{\sigma }_{\Tau }} \right)\ln \left[ {1}/{\left( 1-\Psi \right)}\; \right].\]
The secondary objective of the project is the identification of the steel brittleness threshold to assure controlled rolling and application of the above steel in construction.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.7.159 - 162
References
- Bol’shakov V.I. Substrukturnoe uprochnenie konstruktsionnykh staley [Substructural Strengthening of Structural Steels], a monograph. Canada, 1998, 316 p.
- Gustov Yu.I., Gustov D.Yu., Voronina I.V. Sinergeticheskie kriterii metallicheskikh materialov [Synergetic Criteria of Metal Materials]. Collected works of the 15th Russian-Slovak-Polish Seminar. Theoretical Fundamentals of Civil Engineering. Warsaw, 2006, pp. 179—184.
- Mozberg R.K. Materialovedenie [Material Engineering]. Valgus Publ., Tallinn, 1976, p. 554.
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Akhmedov Asvar Mikdadovich -
Volgograd State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (VSUACE)
postgraduate student, Department of Civil Engineering Technologies, Volgograd State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (VSUACE), 1 Akademicheskaya str., Volgograd, 400074, Russian Federation; +7 (8442) 96-99-58;
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Abramyan Susanna Grantovna -
Volgograd State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (VSUACE)
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Construction Technologies, Volgograd State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (VSUACE), 1 Akademicheskaya str., Volgograd, 400074, Russian Federation; +7 (8442) 96-99-58;
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Potapov Aleksandr Dmitrievich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE)
Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Academic Secretary of the Academic Council
8 (499) 183-15-87, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE), 26 Jaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russia;
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Constructive, technical and technological reliability of major pipeline ensures ecological safety on different stages of life circle - beginning with project preparation activities up to the end of major pipeline operation. Even in the process of transition into new life circle stage, no matter if the pipeline needs major repairs or reconstruction, such technical and technological solutions should be found, which would preserve ecological stability of nature-anthropogenic system. Development of ecology protection technologies of construction, reconstruction and major repairs of main pipelines is of great importance not only for a region, but ensures ecological safety across the globe. The article presents a new way of trenching the main oil and gas pipeline, preservation and increase of ecological safety during its service. The updated technological plan is given in the paper for overhaul of the main oil and gas pipeline using the new technology of pipeline trenching. The suggested technical solution contributes to environment preservation with the help of deteriorating shells - the shells’ material decomposes into environment-friendly components: carbon dioxide, water and humus. The quantity of polluting agents in the atmosphere decreases with the decrease of construction term and quantity of technical equipment.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.5.100-107
References
- Goodland Robert, editor. Oil and Gas. Pipelines Social and Environmental Impact Assessment: State of the Art. Available at: http://coecoceiba.org/wp-content/subidas/2009/11/pub76.pdf. Date of access: 17.03.2014.
- Hopkins Phil. Comprehensive Structural Integrity. Vol. 1. The Structural Integrity of Oil And Gas Transmission Pipelines. Penspen Ltd., UK, May 2002. Available at: http://www.penspen.com/downloads/papers/documents/thestructuralintegrityofoilandgastransmissionpipelines.pdf. Date of access: 24.02.2014.
- Khaustov A.P., Redina M.M. Virtual'nyy trenazhernyy kompleks po ekologicheskoy bezopasnosti truboprovodnogo transporta uglevodorodov [Virtual Simulator Complex on Ecological Safety of Pipeline Transport of Hydrocarbons]. Truboprovodnyy transport [ Pipeline Transport]. 2011, no. 1 (23), pp. 9—11.
- Kozlitin P.A., Kozlitin A.M. Teoreticheskie osnovy i metody sistemnogo analiza promyshlennoy bezopasnosti ob"ektov teploenergetiki s uchetom riska: monografiya [Theoretical Basis and Methods of the System Analysis of Industrial Safety of Thermal Engineering Objects with Account for Risks: Monograph]. Saratov, Saratovskiy gosudarstvennyy tekhnicheskiy universitet Publ., 2009, 156 p.
- Kozlitin A.M. Teoriya i metody analiza riska slozhnykh tekhnicheskikh sistem: monografiya [Risk Theory and Analysis Methods of the Complex Technical Systems: Monograph]. Saratov, Saratovskiy gosudarstvennyy tekhnicheskiy universitet Publ., 2009, 200 p.
- Salah Ahmad M., Atwood Denis. ONE Route Good Enough? Using ArcGIS Network Analyst in Pipeline Alignment Optimization. ArcUser. 2010. Available at: http://www.esri.com/news/arcuser/0410/pipeline.html. Date of access: 24.02.2014.
- Defina John, Maitin Izak, Gray Arnold L. New Jersey Uses GIS To Collect Site Remediation Data. April-June 1998. ArcUser. Available at: http://www.esri.com/news/arcuser/arcuser4.98/newjersey.html. Date of access: 24.02.2014.
- Xiong Jian, Su Lanqian, Zhang Zhenyong. The Estimation of Pipeline Routes Workload Base on GIS Technology. Available at: http: //www.igu.org/html/wgc2009. Date of access: 24.02.2014.
- Korsey S.G., D'yakova N.B. Transportirovka i khranenie GIS-tekhnologii v truboprovodnom transporte [Transporting and Storage of GIS-technologies in Pipeline Transport]. NEFTEGAZ.RU. 2006. Available at: http://neftegaz.ru/science/view/208. Date of access: 24.03.2014.
- Abramyan S.G. Kontseptsiya sozdaniya GIS-tekhnologii dlya ekologicheskogo monitoringa lineynykh ob"ektnykh remontno-stroitel'nykh potokov [Concept of GIS Technologies Creapion for Ecological Monitoring of Linear Object Repair and Construction Flows]. Internet-vestnik VolgGASU. Seriya: Stroitel’naya Informatika [Internet Proceedings of Volgograd State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. Construction Informatics Series]. 2010, no. 4 (11). Available at: http://vestnik.vgasu.ru/?source=4&articleno=396. Date of access: 12.03.2014.
- Potapov A.D., Abramyan S.G. Ekologicheskaya pasportizatsiya lineynykh ob"ektnykh remontno-stroitel'nykh potokov s primeneniem geograficheskikh informatsionnykh sistemnykh tekhnologiy [Ecological Passportization of Linear Object Repair and Construction Flows Using Geographical Informational System Technologies]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 1, pp. 193—197.
- Abramyan S.G., Akhmedov A.M. Tekhnologicheskaya skhema zameny izolyatsii pri rekonstruktsii i kapital'nom remonte magistral'nykh truboprovodov s primeneniem GIStekhnologiy [Technological Scheme of Insulation Change in the Process of Reconstruction and Major Repairs of Main Pipelines Using GIS Technologies]. Vestnik VolgGASU. Seriya: Stroitel’stvo I Architektura [Internet Proceedings of Volgograd State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. Construction and Architecture Series]. 2013, no. 30 (49), pp. 342—345.
- Veliyulin I.I. Sovershenstvovanie metodov remonta gazoprovodov [Improvement of the Repair Methods for Gas Pipelines]. Moscow, Neft' i gaz Publ., 1997, 153 p.
- Dedeshko V.N., Salyukov V.V., Mitrokhin M.Yu. Tekhnologii pereizolyatsii i novye izolyatsionnye pokrytiya dlya zashchity MG [Insulation Change Technologies and New Insulation Coatings for Main Pipelines Protection]. Gazovaya promyshlennost' [Gas Industry]. 2005, no. 2, pp. 68—71.
- Shatskiy A.S., Lutsyk A.F., Larin S.S., Gabelaya R.D., Ivakin A.V. Sposob zaglubleniya truboprovodov [Means of Pipeline Ruggedization]. Patent 2370696, Rosiyskaya Federatsiya. № 2006141325/06; zayavl. 23.11.2006; opubl. 10.12.2007, Byul. № 34 [Russian Patent 2370696, no. 2006141325/06; subm. 23.11.2006; published 10.12.2007, Bulletin no. 34]. 12 p.
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Polit’ko Valentin Aleksandrovich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)
postgraduate student, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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Kantarzhi Igor’ Grigor’evich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)
Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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Safety and reliability factors, assumed in Russian and international standards, as well as the main provisions of design of offshore oil and gas structures are considered in the article. The reasons for structures destruction are classified. The analysis showed that the main design provisions and methodology of calculations related to provision of safe and reliable operation of offshore oil and gas structures by different standards are not fundamentally different: the required degree of reliability of the structure is set depending on the social and economic consequences of possible hydrodynamic accidents; calculations are based on the limit states design method using partial safety factors; etc. However, the factors accounting the degree of the structure reliability, partial safety coefficients and load combinations coefficients differ in different standards and methodologies.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2015.11.167-177
References
- Rekomendatsii po otsenke nadezhnosti stroitel’nykh konstruktsiy zdaniy i sooruzheniy po vneshnim priznakam [Recommendations on Estimating the Reliability of the Constructions of Buildings and Structures According to External Features]. Moscow, 2001, 53 p. (In Russian)
- ISO 19900. Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries — General Requirements for Offshore Structures. International Organization of Standardization. 1st edition. 2002, 38 p.
- ISO 19906. Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries — Arctic Offshore Structures. International Organization of Standardization. 1st edition. 2010, 474 p.
- Probabilistic Methods: Uses and Abuses in Structural Integrity. Prep. by Bomel Limited, UK, 2001. Available at: http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/crr_pdf/2001/crr01398.pdf.
- SNiP 33-01—2003. Gidrotekhnicheskie sooruzheniya. Osnovnye polozheniya [Construction Norms SNiP 33-01—2003. Hydrotechnical Structures. Fundamental Principles]. Moscow, Gosstroy Rossii Publ., 2004, 26 p. (In Russian)
- SP 38.13330.2012. Nagruzki i vozdeystviya na gidrotekhnicheskie sooruzheniya (volnovye, ledovye i ot sudov) : Aktualizirovannaya redaktsiya SNiP 2.06.04—82* [Requirements SP 38.13330.2012. Loads and Impacts on Hydrotechnical Constructions (Wave, Ice and of Ships) : Revised Edition of SNiP 2.06.04—82*]. Moscow, Minregion Rossii Publ., 2014, 116 p. (In Russian)
- GOST R 54257—2010. Nadezhnost’ stroitel’nykh konstruktsiy i osnovaniy. Osnovnye polozheniya i trebovaniya [Russian State Standards GOST R 54257—2010. Reliability of Building Structures and Foundations. Fundamental Principles and Requirements]. Moscow, Standartinform Publ., 2011, 116 p. (In Russian)
- ISO 2394. General Principles on Reliability for Structures. International Organization of Standardization. 2011, 74 p.
- EN 1990:2002+A1 Eurocode — Basis of Structural Design. European Standard, 2005, 119 p.
- Palmer A., Croasdale K. Arctic Offshore Engineering. World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., 2013, 372 p.
- Moslet O., Masurov M. Barents 2020 RN02 — Design of Stationary Offshore Units against Ice Loads in Barents Sea. Proc. 20th IAHR International Symposium on Ice. 2010.
- Timco G.W., Barker A. Evaluating the ISO Arctic Structures Standard Against Full-Scale Empirical Data. Proc. 22nd Int. Conf. on Port and Ocean Eng. under Arctic cond., POAC 13, 2013.
- Timco G., Croasdale K. How Well Can We Predict Ice Loads? Proc. 18th IAHR international Symposium on Ice. 2006.
- Schpete G. Nadezhnost' nesushchikh stroitel'nykh konstruktsiy [Reliability of Bearing Building Constructions]. Translated from German. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1994, 288 p.
- Efthymiou M., van de Graaf J.W. Reliability Based Design and Re-Assessment of Fixed Steel Platforms. Shell International Exploration and Production Research Report 97-5050. 1997.
- Wang B., Basu R. Reliability Analysis of Ice Loads on Arctic Offshore Structures. Proc. 21st Int. Conf. on Port and Ocean Eng. under Arctic Cond., POAC 11. 2011, 10 p.
- Yakimov V., Tryaskin V. Use of the Stochastic Simulation Technique for Estimation of the Ice Cover Strength by Interaction With Ship Hull. Proc. 22nd Int. Conf. on Port and Ocean Eng. under Arctic cond., POAC 13. 2013, 12 p.
- Timco G., Frederking R. Probabilistic Analysis of Seasonal Ice Loads on the Moliqpak. Proc. 17th IAHR International Symposium on Ice. 2004.
- Jordaan I., Frederking R. Mechanics of Ice Compressive Failure, Probabilistic Averaging and Design Load Estimation. Proc. 18th IAHR International Symposium on Ice. 2006.
- Jordaan I., Stuckey P. Probabilistic Modeling of the Ice Environment in the Northeast Caspian Sea and Associated Structural Loads. Proc. 21st Int. Conf. on Port and Ocean Eng. under Arctic cond., POAC 13. 2011, 10 p.
- Alekseev Yu.N., Afanas’ev V.P., Litonov O.E., Maisurov M.N., Panov V.V., Truskov P.A. Ledotekhnicheskie aspekty osvoeniya morskikh mestorozhdeniy nefti i gaza [Ice Technical Aspects of Developing Sea Deposits of Oil and Gas]. Saint Petersburg, Gidrometeoizdat Publ., 2001, 360 p. (In Russian)
- Simakov G.V., Shkhinek K.N., Semenov V.A., Marchenko D.V., Khrapatyy N.G. Morskie gidrotekhnicheskie sooruzheniya na kontinental’nom shel’fe [Offshore Hydrotechnical Structures on Continental Shelf]. Saint Petersburg, Sudostroenie Publ., 1989, 358 p. (In Russian)
- Polit’ko V.A., Kantarzhi I.G. Ledovye nagruzki na morskie gidrotekhnicheskie sooruzheniya [Ice Loads on Sea Hydrotechnical Structures]. Sbornik trudov Vosemnadtsatoy Mezhdunarodnoy mezhvuzovskoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii [Collection of Works of the 18th International Science and Practice Conference]. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2015, pp. 394—397. (In Russian)
- Polit’ko V.A., Kantarzhi I.G. Osobennosti ledovykh usloviy i ledovykh nagruzok na shel’fovye sooruzheniya v Severnom Kaspii [Features of Ice Conditions and Ice Loads on Shelf Constructions in North Caspian]. Obespechenie gidrometeorologicheskoy i ekologicheskoy bezopasnosti : sbornik trudov Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii (16—17 oktyabrya 2015 g., g. Astrakhan’) [Providing Hydrometeorological and Ecological Safety : Collection of Works of the International Science and Practice Conference (16—17 October, 2015, Astrakhan)]. Astrakhan, Rosgidromet Publ., 2015, pp. 133—135. (In Russian)
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Mkrtychev Oleg Vartanovich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)
Doctor of Technical Sciences, head, Scientific Laboratory of Reliability and Seismic Resistance of Structures, Professor, Department of Strength of Materials, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), ;
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Dorozhinskiy Vladimir Bogdanovich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Assistant Lecturer, Department of Strength of Materials, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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According to existing design standards, explosive loading represents a special type of loading.
Explosive loading is, in most cases, local in nature, although it can exceed the loads for which
buildings are designed by a dozen of times.
The analysis of terrorist attacks with explosives employed demonstrates that charges have
a great power and, consequently, a substantial shock wave pressure. Blast effects are predictable
with a certain probability. Therefore, we cannot discuss the no-failure operation of individual structures.
The estimated reliability of buildings is a more important problem. That's how we can save
lives of those people who are outside of the area impacted by an explosion.
Explosive loading is a variable random process influenced by a variety of factors, including the
charge geometry, weight, etc. A shock wave can be reflected from surfaces and objects. Reference
data concerning physical properties of models of explosives are provided in various sources. That's
why we can talk about the blast load value with some probability.
The article deals with the probability modeling of the shock wave pressure. The charge weight
is chosen as a random parameter that has a normal Gauss distribution.
Any structural design must be backed by reliable and verified calculations and mathematical
models based on advanced high-speed PCs and software. The finite element software package
ANSYS/LS-DYNA was employed to complete this research. The problem was solved in the time
domain through the employment of the fourth integration of equations of motion.
We can assess the reliability of structures and buildings if we know the parameters of random
explosive effects. Numerical simulation helps identify random explosive impacts. This problem is
relevant in connection with the construction of unique high-rise buildings and extensive sports facilities
that accommodate dozens of thousands of viewers.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.11.278 - 282
References
- Selivanov V.V. Chislennaya otsenka vliyaniya formy VV na parametry vozdushnykh udarnykh voln [Numerical Evaluation of Explosive Effects on Parameters of Air Shock Waves]. Fizika goreniya i vzryva [Combustion and Blast Physics]. 1985, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 93—97.
- Adushkin V.V., Korotkov A.I. Parametry udarnoy volny vblizi ot zaryada VV pri vzryve v vozdukhe [Air Shock Wave Parameters in Proximity to an Explosive Charge, if the Blast Is Performed in the Air]. Prikladnaya mekhanika i tekhnicheskaya fi zika [Applied Mechanics and Physics]. 1961, no. 5, pp. 119—123.
- Orlenko L.P., Andreev S.G., Babkin A.V., Baum F.A., Imkhovik N.A., Kobylkin I.F., Kolpakov V.I., Ladov S.V., Odintsov V.A., Okhitin V.N., Selivanov V.V., Solov’ev V.S., Stanyukovich K.P., Chelyshev V.P., Shekhter B.I. Fizika vzryva [Physics of an Explosion]. Moscow, FIZMATLIT Publ., 2004, 832 p.
- Mkrtychev O.V. Bezopasnost’ zdaniy i sooruzheniy pri seysmicheskikh i avariynykh vozdeystviyakh [Safety of Buildings and Structures Exposed to Seismic and Accidental Loads]. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2010, 152 ð.
- Mkrtychev O.V., Dorozhinskiy V.B.; Vedyakov I.I. and Vardanyan G.S., editors. Bezopasnost’ zdaniy i sooruzheniy pri vzryvnykh vozdeystviyakh [Safety of Buildings and Structures Exposed to Explosive Loads]. Vestnik NITs «Stroitel’stvo». Issledovaniya po teorii sooruzheniy [Proceedings of Research Centre for Construction. Structural Theory Research]. Collected works. Moscow, NITs «Stroitel’stvo» publ., 2011, pp. 21—34.
- Larcher M. Simulation of the Effects of an Air Blast Wave. JRC 41337. European Communities, 2007.
- Schwer L. A Brief Introduction to Coupling Load Blast Enhanced with Multi-Material ALE: the Best of Both Worlds for Air Blast Simulation. LS-DYNA Forum, Bamberg, 2010.
- Khristoforov B.D. Vliyanie svoystv istochnika na deystvie vzryva v vozdukhe i vode [Influence of the Blast Source Properties on Blast Effects in the Air and in the Water]. Fizika goreniya i vzryva [Combustion and Blast Physics]. 2004, vol. 40, no. 6, pp. 115—118.
- Gel’fand B.E., Sil’nikov M.V. Fugasnye effekt vzryvov [Fougasse Effect of Blasts]. St.Petersburg, Poligon Publ., 2002, 272 p.
- Rayzer V.D. Teoriya nadezhnosti v stroitel’nom proektirovanii [Theory of Reliability in Structural Design]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 1998, 304 p.
- Rzhanitsyn A.R. Teoriya rascheta stroitel’nykh konstruktsiy na nadezhnost’ [Theory of Reliability Analysis of Structures]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1978, 239 p.
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Zaikin Vladimir Genrikhovich -
State Unitary Enterprise «Vladimirgrazhdanproekt» (GUP «Vladimirgrazhdanproekt»)
postgraduate student, Director of Structural Analysis;
+7 (4922) 32-29-68, State Unitary Enterprise «Vladimirgrazhdanproekt» (GUP «Vladimirgrazhdanproekt»), 9 Oktyabr'skiy prospekt, Vladimir, 600025, Russian Federation;
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Valuyskikh Viktor Petrovich -
Vladimir State University named after Alexander and Nikolai Stoletov» (VLSU)
Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor;
+7 (4922) 47-99-05, Vladimir State University named after Alexander and Nikolai Stoletov» (VLSU), 87, Gor'kogo St., Vladimir, 600000, Russian Federation;
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The authors highlight three problems of the age of information technologies and proposes the strategy for their resolution in relation to the computer-aided design of civil engineering structures.
The authors express their concerns in respect of globalization of software programmes designated for the analysis of civil engineering structures and employed outside of Russia. The problem of the poor quality of the input data has reached Russia. Lately, the rate of accidents of buildings and structures has been growing not only in Russia. Control over efficiency of design projects is hardly performed. This attitude should be changed. Development and introduction of CAD along with the application the efficient methods of projection of behaviour of building structures are in demand. Computer-aided calculations have the function of a logical nucleus, and they need proper control. The system approach to computer-aided calculations and technologies designated for the projection of accidents is formulated by the authors.
Two tasks of the system approach and fundamentals of the strategy for its implementation are formulated. The study of cases of negative results of computer-aided design of engineering structures was performed and multi-component design patterns were developed. Conclusions concerning the results of researches aimed at regular and wide-scale implementation of the strategy fundamentals are formulated.
Organizational and innovative actions concerning the projected behaviour of civil engineering structures proposed in the strategy are to facilitate:
safety and reliability improvement of buildings and structures;
saving of building materials and resources;
improvement of labour efficiency of designers;
modernization and improvement of accuracy of projected behaviour of buildings and building standards;
closer ties between civil and building engineering researchers and construction companies;
development of competitive environment to boost competition in the market of structural design companies and in the market of developers.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.12.268 - 276
References
- Zaikin V.G., Valuyskikh V.P., Miroshnikov N.N. Effectiveness increase of application programme complex calculation of building constructions in mass projecting on the systematic approach basis. In “Abstracts of the 14th International Conference on Computing in Civil and Building Engineering”. Edited by V.I. Telichenko. Moscow, June 27-29, 2012, pp. 448—449.
- Ispol’zovanie komp’yuterov v proektirovanii zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsiy (Velikobritaniya) [Using Computers in Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures (United Kingdom)]. Based on articles from Concrete journal, no. 5, 2003, published by VINTI, no. 6, 2003. Kazakhkstan, Almaty, EKSPRESS-INFORM Journal, 2004, no. 3, pp. 24—26.
- Zaikin V.G., Valuyskikh V.P. Status, rol’ i znachenie komp’yuternykh raschetov stroitel’nykh konstruktsiy v massovom proektirovanii [Status, Role and Signifi cance of Computer-aided Design of Civil Engineering Structures in Wide-scale Design]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel‘stvo [Industrual and Civil Engineering]. Moscow, 2012, no. 5, pp. 42—44.
- Larionov V.V. Dva aspekta mekhanicheskoy bezopasnosti zdaniy i sooruzheniy (publichnaya tekhnicheskaya politika) [Two Aspects of Mechanical Safety of Buildings and Structures (Public Technical Policy)]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo [Industrual and Civil Engineering]. Moscow, 2011, no. 6, pp. 11—13.
- Valuyskikh V.P., Zaikin V.G. Metodologicheskie osnovy ispol‘zovaniya vychislitel‘nykh kompleksov pri raschete i proektirovanii konstruktsiy [Methodological Fundamentals of Application of Civil Engineering Design Software in Analysis and Design of Structures]. Materials of scientific and practical conference “Itogi stroitel’noy nauki” [Achievements of the Civil Engineering Science]. Vladimir, VlGU Publ., 2010, pp. 124—131.
- Zaikin V.G. Sovremennoe sostoyanie komp’yuternykh proektnykh raschetov na osnove metoda konechnykh elementov [Current State of Computer-aided Design on the basis of Method of Finite Elements]. Innovatsii v stroitel’stve i arkhitekture [Innovations in Civil Engineering and Architecture]. Vladimir, VlGU Publ., 2011, pp. 162—166.
- Zaikin V.G. O neodnoznachnoy otsenke raschetov stroitel’nykh konstruktsiy [On the Ambiguous Assessment of Analyses of Civil Engineering Structures]. Stroitel’ Kazakhstana [The Builder of Kazakhstan]. 2006, no. 16/17, pp. 4—6.
- Zaikin V.G. Pouchitel’noe ekho tragedii v Yasenevo [The Educative Echo of the Yasenevo Tragedy]. Stroitel’stvo i arkhitektura (Kazakhstan) [Construction and Architecture (Kazakhstan)]. 2004, no. 11(187), p. 6.
- Krakovskiy M.B. Svyaz’ programmy «OM SNiP ZhELEZOBETON» s programmnymi kompleksami SCAD i Lira [Relation between «OM SNiP ZhELEZOBETON», SCAD and Lira Software Programmes]. Beton i zhelezobeton [Concrete and Reinforced Concrete]. 2007, no. 1, pp. 8—12.
- Zaikin V.G. Tekhnologicheskie instruktsii kak osnova sertifi katsii komp’yuternykh programm [Operating Procedures as the Basis for Certification of Software Programmes]. Byulleten’ stroitel’noy tekhniki [Newsletter of Construction Machinery]. 2000, no. 6, p. 55.
- Zaikin V.G. O nekotorykh problemakh ispol’zovaniya VK «LIRA» pri proektirovanii metallicheskikh konstruktsiy [On Particular Problems of Employment of LIRA Software in Design of Metal Structures]. Materials of scientific and practical conference “Itogi stroitel’noy nauki” [Achievements of the Civil Engineering Science]. Vladimir, VlGU Publ., 2010, pp. 202—209.
- Gorodetskiy A.S., Evzerov I.D. Komp’yuternye modeli konstruktsiy [Computer Models of Structures]. Kiev, FAKT Publ., 2005, 344 p.
- Kurzanov A.M. O rekomenduemoy Glavgosekspertizoy Rossii kontseptsii dvoynogo rascheta proektnykh resheniy slozhnykh ob”ektov [On Conception of Duplicated Design Solutions of Complex Structures Recommended by the Main Department of the State Appraisal Board]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo [Industrual and Civil Engineering]. Moscow, 2005, no. 11, pp. 51—52.
- Zaikin V.G., Valuyskikh V.P. O normalizatsii rezul‘tatov MKE v proektnykh raschetakh stroitel‘nykh konstruktsiy [On Normalization of Results of FEM Analysis Applied to Design of Civil Engineering Structures]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. Stroitel’stvo i arkhitectura [Construction and Architecture]. Moscow, 2011, no. 6, pp. 329—334.
- Zaikin V.G. O rezul’tatakh rascheta bezrigel’nogo karkasa na EVM [On Results of Computer-aided Analysis of a Jointless Ossature without Girders]. PROEKT [Design]. 1993, no. 2—3, pp. 137—139.
- Zaikin V.G., Valuyskikh V.P. Regulirovanie usiliy v nerazreznykh konstruktsiyakh v sostave kompleksnogo rascheta PK LIRA [Adjustment of Forces within Continuous Structures as Part of the Multi-component Analysis Performed by LIRA Software]. Beton i zhelezobeton [Concrete and Reinforced Concrete]. 2011, no. 6, pp. 13—15.
- Zaikin V.G., Valuyskikh V.P. Modelirovanie raschetnoy skhemy komp’yuternogo rascheta pri proektirovanii analoga tipovoy konstruktsii [Modeling of Computer-aided Patterns of Analysis in Design of Standard Structures]. Sovremennye voprosy nauki — XXI vek [Present-day Issues of the Science of the 21st Century]. International scientific and practical conference. Collected works, Part 1. Biznes — Nauka — Obshchestvo [Business, Science, Society]. Tambov, 2011, p. 48.
- Larionov V.V., Morozov E.P. Konservativnoe i progressivnoe nachala stroitel’stva [Conservative and Progressive Fundamentals of Civil Engineering]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering]. Moscow, 2000, no. 4, pp. 50—51.
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Deryushev Leonid Georgiyevich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associated Professor, Department of Water Supply, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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.
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Pham Ha Hai -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
postgraduate student, Department of Water Supply, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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.
The recommendations for the development of additional regulatory requirements to reliability of water supply systems in Vietnam are offered. In current construction rules for design, the reliability of water supply systems of water facilities is not standardized. Water systems are classified into three categories, for which the conditions for performing functions in the process of water supply for consumers are formulated. It is not provided to assess the quality of these functions quantitatively. Adoption of design decisions without quantitative assessment of their quality is violating a systematic approach in carrying out construction and design works, which has formed in the global practice. As a result of the research of water supply facilities’ reliability in Vietnam and Russia, the reliability of the existing water supply facilities has been estimated. On the basis of mathematical methods for assessing the reliability of technical objects, the methods for assessing the reliability of water supply facilities and their systems has been justified and systematized. If there is lack of reliability and security requirements to the object of capital construction for design documentation development or such requirements are not established, the development and approval in the prescribed manner of special specifications should precede the documentation development. It is proposed to systematize the statistical data gathering on the reliability of the equipment and facilities of water supply systems by uniform rules. Any designed objects of water supply must have a quantitative estimate of the level of reliability. The outlined methods for assessing the reliability of water supply facilities and systems can be used in the formation of regulatory requirements for reliability in the design of water supply facilities in Vietnam.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.9.7-21
References
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- Deryushev L.G., Minaev A.V. Otsenka nadezhnosti sistem vodosnabzheniya [Reliability Estimation for Water Supply Systems]. Vodosnabzhenie i sanitarnaya tekhnika [Water Supply and Sanitary Engineering]. 1988, no. 11, pp. 4—5.
- Deryushev L.G. Pokazateli nadezhnosti truboprovodnykh sistem vodosnabzheniya i vodootvedeniya [Reliability Indicators of Water Supply and Water Disposal Pipeline Systems]. Vodosnabzhenie i sanitarnaya tekhnika [Water Supply and Sanitary Engineering]. 2000, no.12, pp. 6—9.
- Gnedenko B.V., Belyaev Yu.K., Solov'ev A.D. Matematicheskie metody v teorii nadezhnosti [Mathematical Methods in Reliability Theory]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1965, 524 p.
- Primin O.G., Klimiashvili L.D. Metodika sbora i obrabotki statisticheskikh dannykh po otkazam otdel'nykh elementov sistemy podachi i raspredeleniya vody [Methods of Gathering and Processing Statistical Data on Separate Components Failure of Water Supply and Distribution System]. Voprosy nadezhnosti sistem vodosnabzheniya : sbornik trudov MISI [Problems of Reliability of Water Supply Systems : Collection of Works of Moscow Construction Engineering Institute]. Moscow, MISI Publ., 1978, no. 170, pp. 82—94.
- Primin O.G., Moiseev V.N. Opredelenie ob"emov vremennogo rezervirovaniya v rayonnykh sistemakh vodosnabzheniya s uchetom potoka otkazov ee elementov [Determination of Time Reservation Volume in Regional Water Supply Systems with Account for its Components Failure Flow]. Sovershenstvovanie sistem vodosnabzheniya g. Moskvy [Improving Water Supply Systems in Moscow]. Moscow, MVNIIproekt Publ., 1984, pp. 23—25.
- Herz R.K. Protsess stareniya i neobkhodimost' vosstanovleniya vodoprovodnykh setey [Ageing Processes and Need for Rehabilitation of Drinking Water Distribution Networks]. AKVA Publ., 1996, no. 9.
- Haviland R. Engineering Reliability and Long Life Design. D. Von Nostrand Co., Inc., New Jersey, 1964.
- Krutsenyuk I.Yu. Matematicheskaya model' prognozirovaniya kolichestvennykh kharakteristik protsessov funktsionirovaniya sistem vodosnabzheniya [Mathematical Prediction Model of Quantitative Characteristics of the Functioning Processes of Water Supply Systems]. Tezisy dokladov 61-y nauchno-tekhnicheskoy konferentsii [Paper Abstracts of the 61st Science and Technical Conference]. Novosibirsk, NGASU Publ., 2004, p. 122.
- Der Kiureghian A., Song J. Multi-scale Reliability Analysis and Updating of Complex Systems by Use of Linear Programming. Reliability Engineering & System Safety. 2008, vol. 93, no. 2, pp. 288—297. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2006.10.022.
- Subramanian R., Anantharaman V. Reliability Analysis of a Complex Standby Redundant System. Reliability Engineering & System Safety. 1995, vol. 48, no. 1, pp. 57—70. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0951-8320(94)00073-W.
- Ostfeld A. Reliability Analysis of Water Distribution Systems. Journal of Hydroinformatics. 2004, no. 6, pp. 281—294.
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Zolina Tat’yana Vladimirovna -
State Autonomous Educational Institution of the Astrakhan area of higher education "Astrakhan State Architectural and Construction University" (JSC GAOU VPO "AGASU")
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor, First Vice-rector, State Autonomous Educational Institution of the Astrakhan area of higher education "Astrakhan State Architectural and Construction University" (JSC GAOU VPO "AGASU"), 18 Tatishcheva str., Astrakhan, 414000, Russian Federation;
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.
This paper considers and asserts the need to obtain the results of inspection of a building at the stage of its commissioning in order to apply comprehensive methodology for assessing its residual life. The author proposes to build regression relationship by correlating the levels of the time series dynamics of stress at certain points of the object calculation scheme considering the results of subsequent surveys. It allows estimating the wear rate of structural elements. The assessment of the reliability and durability of the building frame in a deterministic form is based on the limit states method. The application of this method allows taking into account the random nature of not only the combination of existing loads, but also the strength properties of construction materials by creating a system of safety factors.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.11.98-108
References
- Rayzer V.D. Teoriya nadezhnosti v stroitel’nom proektirovanii : monografiya [Reliability Theory in Construction Design: Monograph]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 1998, 304 p. (In Russian).
- Sadchikov P.N., Zolina T.V. Sistematizatsiya metodov rascheta, analiza i prognozirovaniya rabotosposobnosti ob”ektov nedvizhimosti [Classification of Calculation Methods, Analysis and Prediction of Performance of Real Estate]. Perspektivy razvitiya stroitel'nogo kompleksa : materialy VII mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii professorsko-prepodavatel'skogo sostava, molodykh uchenykh i studentov 28—31 oktyabrya 2013 [Proceedings of the 7th International Scientific and Practical Conference of Academic Staff, Young Scientists and Students, October 28—31 "Prospects of Building Complex Development]. Under the general editorship of Gutmana V.A., Khachen'yana A.L. Astrakhan, GAOU AO VPO «AISI» Publ., 2013, vol. 1, pp. 102—107. (In Russian).
- Gordeev V.N., Lantukh-Lyashchenko A.I., Pashinskiy V.A., Perel’muter A.V., Pichugin S.F. Nagruzki i vozdeystviya na zdaniya i sooruzheniya [Loads and Effects on Buildings and Structures]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2007, 482 p. (In Russian).
- Pshenichkina V.A., Belousov A.S., Kuleshova A.N., Churakov A.A. Nadezhnost’ zdaniy kak prostranstvennykh sostavnykh sistem pri seysmicheskikh vozdeystviyakh [Reliability of Buildings as Spatial Composite Systems under Seismic Actions]. Volgograd, VolgGASU Publ., 2010, 180 p. (In Russian).
- Chirkov V.P. Veroyatnostnye metody rascheta massovykh zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsiy [Probabilistic Methods of Calculation of Large Scale Reinforced Concrete Structures]. Moscow, Transport Publ., 1980, 134 p. (In Russian).
- Rzhanitsyn A.R. Teoriya rascheta stroitel’nykh konstruktsiy na nadezhnost’ [Theory of Reliability Calculation of Building Structures]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1978, 240 p.
- Pshenichkin A.P. Osnovy veroyatnostno-statisticheskoy teorii vzaimodeystviya sooruzheniy s neodnorodno deformiruemymi osnovaniyami [Fundamentals of Probabilistic Theory of Cooperation of a Building with the Heterogeneous Deformed Grounds]. Volgograd, VolgGASU Publ., 2006, 226 p. (In Russian).
- Luzhin O.V. Veroyatnostnye metody rascheta sooruzheniy [Probabilistic Methods of Calculation of a Building]. Moscow, MISI im. V.V. Kuybysheva Publ., 1983, 78 p. (In Russian).
- Lychev A.S. Veroyatnostnye metody rascheta stroitel’nykh elementov i system [Probabilistic Methods of Calculation of Building Elements and Systems]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 1995, 143 p. (In Russian).
- Bulgakov S.N., Tamrazyan A.G., Rakhman I.A., Stepanov A.Yu. Snizhenie riskov v stroitel'stve pri chrezvychaynykh situatsiyakh prirodnogo i tekhnogennogo kharaktera [Reduction of Risks in Construction at the Emergencies of Natural and Technogenic Character]. Moscow, MAKS Press Publ., 2004, 304 p. (In Russian).
- Kul’terbaev Kh.P., Pshenichkina V.A. Sluchaynye protsessy i kolebaniya stroitel’nykh konstruktsiy i sooruzheniy [Casual Processes and Vibrations of Building Constructions and Structures]. Volgograd, VolgGASU Publ., 2006, 356 p. (In Russian).
- Skladnev N.N., Kurzanov A.M. Sostoyanie i puti razvitiya raschetov na seysmostoykost’ [State and Ways of Development of Seismic Strength Calculations]. Stroitel’naya mekhanika i raschet sooruzheniy [Structural Mechanics and Calculation of Building]. 1990, no. 4, pp. 3—9. (In Russian).
- Bolotin V.V. Stochastic Models of Fracture with Applications to the Reliability Theory. Structural Safety and Reliability. Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, Elsevier, 1981, pp. 31—56.
- Ditlevsen O. Reliability against Defect Generated Fracture. Journal of Structural Mechanics. 1981, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 115—137.
- Blockley D.I. Reliability Theory — Incorporating Gross Errors. Structural Safety and Reliability. Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, Elsevier, 1981, pp. 259—282.
- Lin Y.K., Shih T.Y. Column Response to Horizontal and Vertical Earthquakes. Journal of Engineering Mechanics Division, ASCE. 1980, vol. 106, no. EM-6, pp. 1099—1109.
- Moan T., Holand I. Risk Assessment of Offshore Structures: Experience and Principles. Structural Safety and Reliability. Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, Elsevier, 1981, pp. 803—820.
- Brown C.B. Entropy Constructed Probabilities. Proceeding ASCE. 1980, vol. 106, no. EM-4, pp. 633—640.
- Holicky M., Ostlund L. Vagueness of Serviceability Requirements. Proceeding the International Conference "Design and Assessment of Building Structures". Prague, 1996, vol. 2, pp. 81—89.
- Hoef N.P. Risk and Safety Considerations at Different Project Phases. Safety, Risk and Reliability — Trends in Engineering. International Conference. Malta, 2001, pp. 1—8.
- Pshenichkin A.P., Pshenichkina V.A. Nadezhnost’ zdaniy i osnovaniy v osobykh usloviyakh [Reliability of Buildings and Foundations in Special Conditions]. Volgograd, VolgGASU Publ., 2009, 218 p. (In Russian).
- Zolina T.V., Sadchikov P.N. Kontseptual’naya skhema issledovaniya napryazhenno-deformirovannogo sostoyaniya promyshlennogo zdaniya [Conceptual Scheme for Investigating the Stress-Strain State of an Industrial Building]. Vestnik Volgogradskogo arkhitekturno-stroitel’nogo universiteta. Seriya: Stroitel’stvo i arkhitektura [Proceedings of Volgograd State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. Series: Construction and Architecture]. 2013, no. 33 (52), pp. 47—50. (In Russian).
- Zolina T.V. Svodnyy algoritm rascheta promyshlennogo ob”ekta na deystvuyushchie nagruzki s otsenkoy ostatochnogo resursa [Synthesis Algorithm for Calculating Existing Load on an Industrial Facility with the Assessment of Residual Life]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering]. 2014, no. 6, no. 3—5. (In Russian).
- Zolina T.V., Sadchikov P.N. Metodika otsenki ostatochnogo resursa ekspluatatsii promyshlennogo zdaniya, osnashchennogo mostovymi kranami [Methods of Assessing the Residual Life of Industrial Buildings, Equipped with Overhead Cranes]. Vestnik Volgogradskogo arkhitekturno-stroitel’nogo universiteta. Seriya: Stroitel’stvo i arkhitektura [Proceedings of Volgograd State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. Series: Construction and Architecture]. 2013, no. 33 (52), pp. 51—56. (In Russian).
- Zolina T.V., Sadchikov P.N. Programmno-raschetnyy kompleks «DINCIBnew». Svidetel’stvo o gosudarstvennoy registratsii programmy dlya EVM ¹ 2014613866.09.04.2014. [Software and Calculation Complex "DINCIB-new". Certificate of State Registration of Computer Programs no. 2014613866, 9 April 2014]. (In Russian).
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Astafiev Sergey Aleksandrovich -
Baikal National University of Economics and Low
Cand. Econ. Sci., Associate Professor, Doctoral candidate, Associate Professor of Economy and Management of Investments and the Real estate Department
+7-(3952)-24-28-04, +7(3952) 24-10-57, Baikal National University of Economics and Low, of. 805-3, Lenin st., Irkutsk, 664003;
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.
In article problems of maintenance of fire safety of buildings in the conditions of transition of control functions behind quality of civil work to the self-regulation organizations are considered. Recommendations about overcoming of arising problems are given.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.1.113 - 118
References
- Brushlinskij N.N, Sokolov S.V. O statistike pozharov i pozharnyh riskah [About statistics of fires and fire risks] Pozharovzrihvobezopasnostj [Fire and explosion Safety], 2011, vol. 20, ¹ 4, Pp. 41—44.
- Mirovaja pozharnaja statistika. Otchet ¹ 13 [World fire statistics. The report 13]. National committees CTIF of Russia, Germany, USA, 2008, P. 33.
- Pozhary i pozharnaja bezopasnost' v 2009 g. [Fires and fire safety in 2009: the statistical collection], under general edition N. P. Kopylov's, VNIIPO, 2010.
- Tehnicheskij reglament o trebovanijah pozharnoj bezopasnosti : Feder. zakon Ros. Federacii ot 22 ijulja 2008 g. ¹ 123-FZ : prinjat Gos. Dumoj 4 ijulja 2008 g. : odobr. Sovetom Federacii Feder. Sobr. Ros. Federacii 11 ijulja 2008 g. [The technical rules about requirements of fire safety: federal law of Russian Federations from July, 22nd, 2008 123-FZ: it is accepted by the State Duma on July, 4th, 2008: It is approved by Council of Federation of Federal Assembly Russian Federation on July, 11th, 2008]. FGU VNIIPO, 2008, 157 p.
- Mirovaja pozharnaja statistika. Otchet ¹ 10 [World fire statistics. The report 10]. National committees CTIF of Russia, Germany, USA, 2005, P. 23.
- Kholthevnikov V.V., Samoshin D.A., Belosohov I.R, Istratov R.N., Kudrin I.S., Parfenenko A.P. Paradoksy normirovanija obespechenija bezopasnosti ljudej pri jevakuacii iz zdanij i puti ih ustranenija [Paradoxes of normalization of a safety of people at evacuation from buildings and a way of their elimination]. Pozharovzrihvobezopasnostj [Fire and explosion Safety] 2011, vol. 20, ¹ 3, P. 43.
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Ahaieva Olha -
Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture (OSACEA)
, Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture (OSACEA), 4 Didrikhsona st., Odessa, 65029, Ukraine.
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Karpiuk Vasyl -
Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture (OSACEA)
, Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture (OSACEA), 4 Didrikhsona st., Odessa, 65029, Ukraine.
Subject: the article is devoted to investigation of prestress losses and force distribution in the reinforcement of span reinforced concrete structures. As the long-term studies have shown, these quantities are very unstable, which should be taken into account in structures design. However, the existing normative documents take into account the possible deviations of losses and forces in prestressed reinforcement from their design values in a fairly general form. Since each of the types of losses, according to the formulas, depends on one or several random factors, they should be considered from a probabilistic point of view. Research objectives: determine the scattering of different losses and acting forces in the prestressed reinforcement to identify the factors affecting its value. Materials and methods: in this work, we used the normative technique of prestress losses calculation and characteristics of the variability of physical and mechanical properties of concrete and reinforcement, obtained from the previous studies. The distribution laws of investigated parameters were assumed to be normal (the Gaussian law). To calculate the coefficients of variation, the method of statistical testing (the Monte-Carlo method) and the linearization method (the Taylor series expansion) implemented in MATLAB software package were applied. Results: in the process of numerical experiment, the values of prestress losses and forces scatter in the reinforcement were obtained for all prestressing methods stipulated by the current design codes. It was established that both values depend significantly on the method of reinforcement tensioning, its type and class, and also on the diameter of wire. Moreover, many concomitant factors affect the variability of the above-mentioned characteristics such as the plant-manufacturer, stability of technological process, qualification of the service staff, etc. Conclusions: the obtained data is recommended to be used to determine the accurate values of strength, deformability and crack resistance of span reinforced concrete structures as well as in probabilistic calculations related to the assessment of their reliability by various limit states. In particular, the described technique was applied in calculating the reliability of bent prestressed elements from the viewpoint of strength of oblique sections.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2018.6.686-696
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Sokova Serafima Dmitrievna -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor, Department of Housing and Communal Services, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation.
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Smirnova Nadezhda Vital’evna -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)
postgraduate, Department of Housing and Communal Services, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation.
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Smirnov Andrey Vyacheslavovich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)
postgraduate, Department of Housing and Communal Services, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation.
Subject: the article considers one of the possible solutions to the problem of choosing the optimal waterproofing system for underground parts of buildings and structures using logical-probabilistic method. Selection of reliable hydro insulation of underground structures is a complex multi-task, and for successful functioning of the insulation it is necessary to focus on the systematic approach upon its creation. When choosing a waterproofing system, it is necessary to solve a multi-task and account for the specifics and status of a specific object, hydrogeological conditions, the depth of the structures, acting loads, the quality of construction works, etc. Apriori neglect of these factors and the lack of a systematic approach in the selection of hydro insulation system lead to accelerated wear and failure of structures. During operation as the main stage of life cycle of the building, the waterproofing of underground load-bearing frames of constructions is exposed to several rather difficult conditions. Hence, to avoid frequent overhaul, they should be chosen with the increased operational properties. The irregular choice of the protective coating leads to the accelerated wear and failure of the design. Objective assessment of the right choice of protective materials for an underground waterproofing and also selection of the most reliable and long-lived materials, especially for the bases, is a relevant task. The scientific novelty of this work consists in theoretical justification and the proof of a possibility of objective assessment of the choice of long-lived protection of designs of an underground part of buildings with the use of a logical-probabilistic method. Criteria of operational assessment of optimum long-lived materials are established and also the model of a tree of failures for different types of original materials of organic and mineral structure is proposed: bituminous, bituminous and polymeric, elastomeric, thermoplastic, clay, cement. Research objectives: choose an effective and durable hydro insulation system for underground structures of buildings under certain conditions of their operation using mathematical models and tools. Materials and methods: the “wall-foundation plate” system is considered which includes waterproofing membrane, waterproofing key, a repair mix, fillet, foundation mat, cast in-situ reinforced concrete, drainage geocomposite. We have applied logical-probabilistic method, the idea of which is the description of possible ways of functioning of the system by means of mathematical logic and the determination of its operability with the help of probability theory. Results: logical-probabilistic method allows us to analyze alternative options for creating waterproofing system by means of description of the possible ways of functioning of the variants being analyzed with the help of mathematical logic and determine the probability of their operability, based on which the optimal system that meets the requirements can be selected. A lot of factors were considered including the specificity and a status of a specific facility, hydrogeological conditions, depth of structures, acting loads, the quality of construction and installation works, etc. Conclusions: for achievement of the goal of the research, a set of factors including specificity and a condition of a specific facility, hydrogeological conditions, depth of structures, acting loads, quality of installation and construction works, etc. was considered. Taking into account the specified factors and systematic approach when choosing the waterproofing system proved its effectiveness by use of a logical-probabilistic method as the most accurate and reliable mathematical method.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2018.6.748-755