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ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT. RESTRUCTURING AND RESTORATION

Besieged nature

Vestnik MGSU 3/2013
  • Tkachev Valentin Nikitovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Doctor of Architecture, Professor, Department of Design of Buildings and Town Planning, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 26-33

The history and present-day problems accompanying the relationship between Man and the human habitat are considered in the article. Understanding of the role of Nature in the human life is demonstrated by the architectural morphogenesis.K. Marx identified the two ways of consumption of natural resources. According to the first one, people enjoyed natural benefits as they were. The second one contemplated transformation, physical and chemical treatment of natural resources.Predominance of the consumer-style attitude to Nature means transition to the phase of transformation of natural resources into the forms suitable for consumption.The history of the relationship between Nature and Man is composed of the following phases:Man as the slave of Nature; Man as the student of Nature; Man as the lord of Nature;Man as the destroyer of Nature and a parasite consuming its resources; Man as the repentant sinner failing to take any effort to repay the debt.The educational phase of the architecture means identification of structural features of natural materials integrated into tectonic systems of structures. The second wave of imitation of Nature, or mimesis, had an esthetic orientation and was typical for early cultures. Separation of structural and ornamental features of a wall marked the third wave of assimilation of Nature in the architecture of Europe starting from the Renaissance and through the era of the bourgeois pragmatism. However, it was the design of wide-span structures that served as the prerequisite of technological borrowings from the phenomena of the wildlife (skeletons, webs, folds), or the third wave of assimilations. The idea of architecture as the subject having the properties of a living organism marked the fifth wave of appeal to the wildlife, its transient forms and changing organisms.The understanding of the ecological responsibility of Man embedded in the architecture contemplated the sixth wave of the human activities. What will be the seventh wave of relationship between Nature and Man?

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.3.26-33

References
  1. Marx K. Formy, predshestvuyushchie kapitalisticheskomu proizvodstvu [Pre-capitalist Modes of Production]. Moscow, Politizdat Publ., 1940, 52 p.
  2. Potapov A.D. Ekologiya [Ecology]. Moscow, Vyssh. shk. publ., 2004, 528 p.
  3. Tasalov V.I. Ocherk esteticheskikh idey arkhitektury kapitalisticheskogo obshchestva [Essay of Esthetic Ideas of the Architecture Typical for the Capitalist Society]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1979, 336 p.
  4. Shuazi O. Istoriya arkhitektury [History of Architecture]. Moscow, AN SSSR Publ., vol. 1, 1935, 575 p.
  5. Haeckel E. Kunstformen und Natur. Leipzig und Wien, 1899.
  6. Ryabushin A., Dvorzhak K. Prognostika v arkhitekture i gradostroitel’stve [Prognostics in Architecture and Urban Planning]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1983, 184 p.
  7. Tkachev V.N. Veduty [Architectural Views]. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2012, 291 p.
  8. Ragon M. Goroda budushchego [Towns of the Future]. Moscow, MIR Publ., 1969, 296 p.
  9. Vuek Ya. Mify i utopii arkhitektury xx veka [Myths and Utopias of the Architecture of the 20th Century]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1990, 288 p.
  10. Lebedev Yu.S. Arkhitekturnaya bionika [Architectural Bionics]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1990, 268 p.

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RESTORATION OF THE ROUND LOCOMOTIVE DEPOT, A MOSCOW LANDMARK

Vestnik MGSU 5/2013
  • Perunov Aleksandr Sergeevich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Testing of Structures, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Kunin Yuriy Saulovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor, Chair, Department of Testing of Structures; +7 (495) 287-49-14, ext. 1331, 1150., Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Kotov Vyacheslav Ivanovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Director, Laboratory of Examination and Testing of Structures at Department of Testing of Structures; +7 (495) 287-49-14, ext. 1331, 1150., Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 21-28

Nikolaev railway depot is one of the first locomotive depots in Russia. It is a monument of cultural heritage, and it belongs to a group of buildings of the Leningrad Railroad Station in Moscow. The depot was designed by renowned architects K.A. Ton andR.A. Zhelyazevich in 1951. The depot building is round; it consists of 22 sections. The bearing structures of the building, its columns, arches and vaults are made of masonry. The depot building was remodeled several times, following changes in its intended use. Therefore, the original look of the building has lost its initial splendour. Now its structures are badly damaged, and the bearing capacity of its masonry columns and arches has changed for the worse. Its reconstruction will be accompanied by the restoration of its original exterior. Its reconstruction must be accompanied by the comprehensive monitoring of the stress-strain state of its surviving structures. The renovation must be based on the structural analysis of changes of its properties and damages. Currently, the engineering staff of our university is monitoring the strained state of the building to give advice in the course of its further restoration.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.5.21-28

References
  1. Slavina T.A., Ton K. Zodchie nashego goroda [Architects of Our City]. Leningrad, Lenizdat Publ., 1982, 152 p.
  2. Ivashko Yu.V. Problemy restavratsii pamyatnikov arkhitektury i restavratsionnye tekhnologii [Problems of Restoration of Landmarks and Restoration Technologies]. Budmayster. 2003, no. 4, pp. 22—24.
  3. Binney M., Pearce D. Railway Architecture. Londres, SAVE Britain’s Heritage, Orbis, 1979.
  4. Betjeman J. London’s Historic Railway Stations. Londres, John Murray (Publishers) Ltd., 1972.
  5. Jensen O. The American Heritage History of Railroads in America. Outlet, 1993.
  6. Heald B.D. A History of the Boston & Maine Railroad: Exploring New Hampshire’s Rugged Heart by Rail. The History Press, 2007.
  7. Schivelbusch W. The Railway Journey: the Industrialization of Time and Space in the 19th Century. University of California Press, 1986.
  8. Wi?licki A. Building and Construction of the 18th and 19th Century. History and Technology, an International Journal. 1991, vol. 7, no. 3-4, pp. 321—341.

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Historyand reconstruction of the convent of Martha and Mary

Vestnik MGSU 7/2013
  • Kotova Elena Vasil’evna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) engineer, Laboratory for Examination and Reconstruction of Buildings and Structures, Department of Testing of Structures; +7 (495) 287-49-14 (ext. 13-31), Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Kunin Yuriy Saulovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor, Chair, Department of Testing of Structures; +7 (495) 287-49-14, ext. 1331, 1150., Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Kotov Viktor Ivanovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) sector leader, Laboratory for Examination and Reconstruc- tion of Buildings and Structures, Department of Testing of Structures, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 15-21

The article deals with the methods of restoration of large buildings of Orthodox churches in Russia. Practical solutions, described in the article, are applicable to the majority of church buildings partly demolished or rearranged during the Soviet era. The authors describe the restoration works performed at the convent of Martha and Mary as a good example of this practice. The article is focused on the general issues that complicate the restoration process, including lack of any uniform restoration solutions, lack of global cultural legacy protection programs, and the poor technical condition of restored buildings.The authors provide an overview of the restoration project that involved restoration and renovation of the New Jerusalem monastery building and Znamenskaya church building in Kholmy village. The solution was to have several subcontractors involved into the design and construction process. Department of reconstruction and structural inspection (ORZS) of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) was responsible for the supervision over the process of restoration and the work quality control. This article highlights the growing demand for the restoration control, especially if versatile assignments associated with foundations, structural, mechanical and finishing works are performed by different contractors. Special attention is driven to advanced waterproofing solutions applicable to underground structures, as leaks damage unique wall paintings. The authors raise the issues of research into the international experience of reconstruction and restoration of architectural monuments, methods of boosting religious tourism and respect for the history of Russia.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.7.15-21

References
  1. Sayt Marfo-Mariinskoy obiteli [Website of the Convent of Martha and Mary]. Available at: http://www.mmom.ru. Date of access: 15.04.2013.
  2. Ivanova E.V., Gorinov M.M., Sharipov A.M. Marfo-Mariinskaya obitel’ miloserdiya k 100-letiyu sozdaniya Obiteli [Convent of Martha and Mary’s Mercy. On the Occasion of the Convent’s Centenary]. Moscow, Belyy gorod publ., 2009, 494 p.
  3. Shargunov A. Podvizhniki Marfo-Mariinskoy obiteli miloserdiya [Hermits of the Convent of Martha and Mary’s Mercy]. Moskovskoe podvor’ye Svyato-Troitskoy Sergievoy Lavry publ., 2001, 144 p.
  4. Mikhaylovskiy E.V. Restavratsiya pamyatnikov arkhitektury. Moskva. [Restoration of Architectural Monuments. Moscow]. Izdatel’stvo literatury po stroitel’stvu publ., 1971, 96 p.
  5. Smirnova L.M. Metody sovremennoy restavratsii [Methods for Contemporary Restoration]. Available at: http://icon-art.narod.ru/artikle22.html. Date of access: 12.04.2013.
  6. Otchet po inzhenerno-tekhnicheskomu obsledovaniyu kripty Marfo-Mariinskoy obiteli. OOO «Tekhorgstroy». [Report on the Engineering Examination of the Undercroft of the Convent of Martha and Mary]. Tekhorgstroy Open Joint Stock Company, 2012.
  7. Banister Fletcher. A History of Architecture. Architectural Press, 1996, 1801 p.
  8. Erlande-Brandenbourg. The Cathedral: The Social and Architectural Dynamics of Construction. Cambridge Studies in the History of Architecture. Cambridge University Press, 2009, 382 p.
  9. Kotov V.I., Kunin Yu.S. Kompleksnoe obsledovanie pamyatnikov arkhitektury dlya razrabotki proekta restavratsii [Comprehensive Examination of Architectural Monuments with a View to Development of the Restoration Design]. Obsledovanie, ispytanie, monitoring i raschet stroitel’nykh konstruktsiy zdaniy i sooruzheniy [Examination, Testing, Monitoring and Analysis of Structural Units of Buildings and Structures]. 2010, MGSU Publ., pp. 93—96.
  10. Kotov V.I., Kunin Yu.S., Kotova E.V. Obsledovanie, vosstanovlenie, remont i usilenie svodov i arok zdaniy Novo-Ierusalimskogo monastyrya [Examination, Restoration, Renovation and Strengthening of Domes and Arches of Buildings of the New Jerusalem Monastery]. Obsledovanie, ispytanie, monitoring i raschet stroitel’nykh konstruktsiy zdaniy i sooruzheniy [Examination, Testing, Monitoring and Analysis of Structural Units of Buildings and Structures]. 2011, MGSU Publ., pp. 97—100.
  11. Fedotova L.A. Religioznyy turizm kak put’ vozrozhdeniya istoriko-kul’turnogo naslediya [Religious Tourism as the Way towards Revival of Historic and Cultural Legacy]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering]. 2012, no 9, pp. 41—42.

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RECONSTRUCTION OF MOSCOW AFTER THE 1812 FIRE OF MOSCOW: NEW LOOK OF THE CITY

Vestnik MGSU 6/2012
  • Molokova Tat'yana Alekseevna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE) Candidate of Historical Sciences, Senior Lecturer, Chair, Department of History and Culturology, +7 (499) 183-21-29, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 17 - 22

considered in the article. The author analyzes the influence of the 1812 Patriotic War on the political and cultural life of Russia, as there had been a rise of national consciousness in Russia in the first decades of the 19th century related to the victory over Napoleon. The author drives particular attention to the historic fact that Moscow suffered a lot more than other Russian cities in the War of 1812; the city was completely destroyed by the fire. The author provides statistical data related to the city as of the autumn of 1812. Moscow reconstruction plan proposed by Mr. Gestle, architect, and the procedure of "Commissioning of Structures", drafted under the guidance of O.I. Bove, architect, are analyzed in detail. The author also covers the personal contribution made by O.I. Bove, his associates D.I. Zhilyardi and A.G. Grigor'ev, into the reconstruction of the city centre.
The article features the town-planning policy of 1820-1830 and patterns of late classicism in the Moscow architecture.
The article is dedicated to the year of the Russian history and one of its major events, the anniversary of the victory in the Patriotic War of 1812.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.6.17 - 22

References
  1. Gol’denberg P.I. Staraya Moskva [Old Moscow]. Moscow, Publishing House of the USSR Academy of Architecture, 1947, p. 57.
  2. Pokrovskaya Z.K. Osip Bove [Osip Bove]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1999, p. 103.
  3. Almazova N.M., Molokova T.A., Frolov V.P., Pavlinov V.V. Pamyatniki arkhitektury. Inzhenernye obsledovaniya [Architectural Monuments. Engineering Examinations]. Moscow, ASV Publ., no. 1, 2003, p. 89.
  4. Sytin P.V. Iz istorii moskovskikh ulits [Abstracts from the History of Moscow Streets]. Moskovskiy Rabochiy Publ., 1958, p. 110.
  5. Budylina M.V. Planirovka i zastroyka Moskvy posle pozhara 1812 goda [Planning and Building of Moscow after the Fire of 1812]. Moscow, Arhitekturnoe Nasledstvo [Architectural Heritage]. Gosstroyizdat Publ., 1951, no. 1, p. 157.
  6. Ikonnikov A.V. Tysyacha let russkoy arkhitektury [One Thousand Years of Russian Architecture]. Moscow, Iskusstvo Publ., 1990, p. 311.

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MONUMENTS TO THE PATRIOTIC WAR OF 1812

Vestnik MGSU 6/2012
  • Frolov Vladimir Pavlovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of History and Philosophy, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoye shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 23 - 28

The article covers a relevant historical and cultural problem of elaboration and maintenance of monuments of the military glory of 1812. The author considers various architectural and sculptural monuments illustrating heroic events of Patriotic war of 1812, built in the two Russian capitals - Moscow and Saint Petersburg in different historical periods, and also in primordial Russian towns, such as Smolensk, Vyazma, and Maloyaroslavets. Architectural and composition-related features of this or that monument erected against the background of historic events of the war of 1812 are analyzed in detail. The author demonstrates the links between architecture and sculpture within the framework of town-planning solutions implemented in the pieces that have found their places in the towns enlisted above.
The value of symbols of the Victory and Glory of the Russian army and the Russian people is marked. The names of the most famous heroes of this war, starting from a field marshal and ending with a soldier are inscribed.
By addressing the historical and cultural heritage of Russia, the author informs readers about the most significant events of the war. The author mentions an acute problem of the modernity, that is, preservation and restoration of monuments, and shares his view point.
The value of the historic and cultural heritage of Russia for military and patriotic education is emphasized. The article is prepared within the framework of the year of the Russian history.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.6.23 - 28

References
  1. Smirnov A.A. Moskva – geroyam 1812 goda [Moscow Contribution Addressed to the Heroes of 1812]. Moscow, Moskovskiy Rabochiy Publ., 1977, p. 148.
  2. Molokova T.A., Frolov V.P. Pamyatniki kul’tury Moskvy: iz proshlogo v budushchee [Monuments of Culture of Moscow: from the Past into the Future]. Moscow, ASV Publ., p. 85.
  3. Ashik V.A. Pamyatniki i medali v pamjyat’ boevyh podvigov russkoy armii 1812 g. [Monuments and Medals Commemorating the Fighting Feats of the Russian Army in 1812]. St.Petersburg, 1913, p. 144.
  4. Piliyavskiy V.I. Russkie triumfal’nye pamyatniki [Monuments to the Russian Triumph]. Leningrad, Stroyizdat Publ., 1960, p. 56.
  5. Kirichenko E.I. Hram Hrista Spasitelya v Moskve [Church of the Christ the Savior in Moscow]. Moscow, Planeta Publ., 1992, p. 260.
  6. Pamyatniki arhitektury Leningrady [Architectural Monuments of Leningrad]. Leningrad, Stroyizdat Publ., 1976, p. 150.

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Social, ethnical, cultural and confessional features of architectural heritage of monasteries

Vestnik MGSU 6/2014
  • Frolov Vladimir Pavlovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of History and Philosophy, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoye shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 35-43

Monasteries, their activity and lifestyle have always played an important role in the culture of various nations. Monasteries are objects of cultural heritage. Their architecture is connected with national features on a nation, particular canons of Christian (orthodox, catholic), Buddhistic or other religion. The article describes ancient monasteries in Russia amid the global development, historical national characteristics monasteries are analyzed, as well as architectural ensembles, reflecting the function and role of monasteries in public life, showing their spiritual and cultural heritage, monastic tradition, the historical value of the monastic landscape and its conservation conditions, the inclusion of the monasteries in the world cultural heritage is noted.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.6.35-43

References
  1. Bol'shaya illyustrirovannaya entsiklopediya [Big Illustrated Encyclopedia]. In 32 volumes. Moscow, AST, Astrel' Publ., 2010, vol. 18, p. 143.
  2. Komech A.I. Russkie monastyri. Istoriya i kul'tura X—XVII stoletiya [Russian Monasteries. History and Culture of X—XVII Centuries]. Moscow, Art-BMB Publ., 2001, p. 21.
  3. Klyuchevskiy V.O. Skazanie inostrantsev o Moskovskom gosudarstve [Legend of Foreigners about Muscovy]. Moscow, Prometey Publ., 1991, p. 167.
  4. Antonova L.V., Titova T.V. Arkhitekturnye shedevry Rossii [Architectural Masterpieces of Russia]. Moscow, Dom Slavyanskoy Knigi Publ., 2009, p. 44.
  5. Bryusova V.G. Ipat'evskiy monastyr' [Ipatiev Monastery]. Moscow, Iskusstvo Publ., 1981, p. 27.
  6. Likhachev D.S., Savitskaya O.D. Arkhitekturno-khudozhestvennye pamyatniki [Solovetskikh ostrovov [Architectural and Artistic Monuments of the Solovetsky Islands]. Moscow, Iskusstvo Publ., 1980, p. 32.
  7. Skopin V.V., Shchennikova L.A. Arkhitekturno-khudozhestvennyy ansambl' Solovetskogo monastyrya [Architectural Ensemble of the Solovetsky Monastery]. Moscow, Iskusstvo Publ., 1981, p. 53.
  8. Molokova T.A. Svyatitel' Filipp — patriot i stroitel' pravoslavnoy Rossii [St Philip — Patriot and Builder of Russian Orthodox]. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2006, pp. 18, 20.
  9. Burov V.A. Istoriya keleynoy zastroyki Solovetskogo monastyrya XV—XIX vekov: monografiya [Exclusionary Story Building Solovetsky Monastery XV—XIX Centuries]. Institute of Archeology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Solovki State Historical, Architectural and Natural Museum-Reserve, Arkhangel'sk, 2011, p. 26.
  10. Maksakovskiy V.P. Vsemirnoe kul'turnoe nasledie [World Cultural Heritage]. Moscow, Eko-pros Publ., 2000, p. 381.
  11. Arenkova Yu.I., Mekhova G.I. Donskoy monastyr' [Don Monastery]. Moscow, Iskusstvo Publ., 1970, p. 67.
  12. Petrova E.N. Russkie monastyri. Iskusstvo i traditsii [Russian Monasteries. Art and Traditions]. Saint Petersburg, Palace Edition, 1997, p. 112.
  13. Chelnokov A. Pokrovskiy stavropigial'nyy zhenskiy monastyr' u Pokrovskoy zastavy [Intercession Pokrovsky Monastery]. Moscow, Pokrovskiy stavropigial'nyy zhenskiy monastyr' Publ., 2010, p. 57.
  14. Shchenkov A.S., editor. Arkhitekturnoe nasledie na rubezhe XX—XXI vekov: Problemy restavratsii i okhrany naslediya [Architectural Heritage in 20—21st Centuries. Moscow, KRASAND Publ., 2010, p. 51.
  15. Pokrovskaya E.N., Koval'chuk Yu.L. Biokorroziya, sokhranenie pamyatnikov istorii i arkhitektury [Biocorrosion, Preservation of Historical Monuments and Architecture. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2013, p. 28, 57.

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Reconstruction project of a bell tower of Joseph of Volokolamsk monastery: architectural, town-planning and structural aspects

Vestnik MGSU 1/2016
  • Tsvetkov Konstantin Aleksandrovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Strength of Materials, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Naumova Yuliya Igorevna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) Master student on the program “Reconstruction and Restoration of Buildings and Structures”, Department of Architecture of Civil and Industrial Buildings, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 22-34

ASPECTS All over the world a lot of unique architectural monuments are lost according to different reasons. The role of cultural objects can hardly be overestimated and their total loss is irretrievable. Preservation of architectural monuments and complexity of their investigation and design solutions development depend on many factors: age of the monument, structural peculiarities, geographical position, their value as objects of cultural heritage, etc. The article offers the description of a reconstruction project of a bell tower in Joseph of Volokolamsk Monastery, which had been destructed in 1941. The bell tower in Joseph of Volokolamsk Monastery situated in Volokolamsk region of the Moscow Region near village Teryaevo is an outstanding example of the architecture and construction technologies of the 16th-17th centuries. The design group conducted extensive research, made a conclusion on the state of the surviving elements and offered several variants of bell tower reconstruction. It was decided to reconstruct the bell tower over the surviving first tier with transferring the loads to the new bearing structure. The first tier is being reconstructed and preserved.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2016.1.22-34

References
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  2. Kopylova N.S., Korzun N.L. Restavratsiya pamyatnikov arkhitektury v Irkutske (na primere dokhodnogo doma po ulitse Fridrikha Engel’sa, byvshey Zhandarmskoy) [Restoration of Architectural Monuments in Irkutsk (on the Example of the Tenement Building on Friedrich Engels Street, the Former Zhandarmskaya Street)]. Izvestiya vuzov. Investitsii. Stroitel’stvo. Nedvizhimost’ [News of Higher Educational Institutions. Investment. Construction. Real Estate]. 2014, no. 1 (6), pp. 111—125. (In Russian)
  3. Meshcheryakov V.V. Muzeefikatsiya dvortsa Menshikova v Sankt-Peterburge [Museumification of Menshikov Palace in Saint Petersburg]. Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Seriya 2: Istoriya [Vestnik of Saint-Petersburg University. Series 2. History]. 2008, no. 3, pp. 173—183. (In Russian)
  4. Osmanov E.E Mecheti Biyuk Khan-Dzhami i Takhtaly-Dzhami v Bakhchisarae [The Mosques Juma-Jami and Tahtali-Jami in Bakhchisarai]. Uchenye zapiski Tavricheskogo natsional’nogo universiteta im. V.I. Vernadskogo. Seriya «Istoricheskie nauki» [Scientific Notes of Taurida National V.I. Vernadsky University. Series: Historical Sciences]. 2014, vol. 27 (66), no. 4, pp. 65—75. (In Russian)
  5. Beloyarskaya I.K. Istoriko-restavratsionnye issledovaniya teploy tserkvi Bogoyavleniya Georgievskogo prikhoda v gorode Vologde [Historical and Restoration Investigations of the Ward Church of the Church of the Epiphany of the Saint George Parish in Vologda]. Arkhitekton: izvestiya vuzov. Teoriya arkhitektury [Architecton: Proceedings of Higher Education. Theory of Architecture]. 2015, no. 50. Available at: http://archvuz.ru/2015_2/9. Date of access: 04.08.2015. (In Russian)
  6. Darley G. A Future for Farm Buildings. London, SAVE Britain`s heritage, 1988.
  7. Volker Stoll, Carsten Leibenart. Geotechnische und Hydrogeologische Arbeiten fur den Wiederaufbau der Frauenkirche Dresden und deren Umfeld. Prirodnye usloviya stroitel’stva i sokhraneniya khramov pravoslavnoy Rusi : sbornik tezisov 5-go Mezhdunarodnogo nauchno-prakticheskogo simpoziuma [Natural Conditions of Construction and Preservation of the Cathedrals of Orthodox Russia : Collection of Abstracts of the 5th International Science and Practice Symposium]. N. Novgorod, 2013, pp. 41—49. (In Russian)
  8. Stubbs J.H., Makaš E.G., Bouchenaki M. Architectural Conservation in Europe and the Americas. Hoboken, New Jersey, John Willey & Sons, Inc., 2011, 512 p.
  9. Zhidkov A.A., Nazarov I.A., Gorelov V.A. Instrumental’nye obmery Khrama Khrista Spasitelya: vossozdanie dukhovnogo velichiya [Tool Measurements of the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour: Reconstruction of the Spiritual Greatness]. Geodezist” [Geodesist]. 2001, no. 5, pp. 20—21. (In Russian)
  10. Katrunova E.I. Proekt rekonstruktsii tserkvi Uspeniya Bogoroditsy na Sennoy ploshchadi arkhitektora D.A. Butyrina [Reconstruction Project of the Church of Dormition of the Mother of God on Sennaya Square by the Architect D.A. Butrin]. Aktual’nye problemy teorii i istorii iskusstva : sbornik statey 3-ey Mezhdunarodnoy konferentsii molodykh spetsialistov [Current Problems of the Theory and History of Art : Collection of Articles of the 3rd International Conference of Young Specialists]. 2012. Available at: http://www.actual-art.org/131-st2012/rus19/512-katrunova-tserkov-uspeniya-na-sennoj.html. Date of access: 04.08.2015. (In Russian)
  11. Drobotushenko E.V. Arkhitekturnyy ansambl’ Chikoyskogo Ioanno-Predtechenskogo monastyrya kak ob”ekt istoricheskogo izucheniya. Po materialam polevykh issledovaniy [Architectural Complex of the Chikoysk John- Predtechensky Monastery as an Object of Historical Investigation]. Balandinskie chteniya [Balandinsk Readings]. 2014, no. 1, pp. 222—228. (In Russian)
  12. Kozlova G.S. Revalorizatsiya arkhitekturnogo ansamblya Chudotvorskoy tserkvi v g. Irkutske [Revaluation of the Architectural Complex of Thaumaturgy Church in Irkutsk]. Balandinskie chteniya [Balandinsk Readings]. 2014, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 31—40. (In Russian)
  13. Kuznetsova-Pavskaya E.S., Letvinova O.G. Graficheskaya rekonstruktsiya tserkvi Vozneseniya v sele Khaldeevo Tomskoy gubernii [Graphical Reconstruction of the Ascension Church in Khaldeevo Village of Tomsk Province]. Izbrannye doklady 60-y nauchno-tekhnicheskoy konferentsii studentov i molodykh uchenykh. (24—25 aprelya 2014 g.) [Selected Works of the 60th Science and Technical Conference of Students and Young Scientists (April 24—25, 2014)]. Tomsk, TGASU Publ., 2015, pp. 261—267. (In Russian)
  14. Blagovidova N.G. Novo-Ierusalimskiy monastyr’ kak unikal’nyy dukhovno-prosvetitel’skiy tsentr [New Jerusalem Monastery as a Unique Spiritual and Educational Center]. Arkhitekton: izvestiya vuzov. Istoriya arkhitektury [Architecton: Proceedings of Higher Education. History of Architecture]. 2013, no. 41. Available at: http://archvuz.ru/2013_1/13. Date of access: 04.08.2015. (In Russian)
  15. Kurlaev E.A. Rekonstruktsiya oblika metallurgicheskogo zavoda XVIII v. v vide komp’yuternoy modeli [Reconstruction of the Appearance of Ironworks of the 18th Century as a Computer Model]. Ekonomicheskaya istoriya [Economical History]. 2008, no. 6, pp. 9—17. (In Russian)
  16. Dragomirov D.Yu. Komp’yuternaya trekhmernaya rekonstruktsiya pamyatnikov arkhitektury [Computer 3D Reconstruction of Architectural Monuments]. Vestnik Udmurtskogo universiteta [The Bulletin of Udmurt University]. 2006, no. 12, pp. 141—144. (In Russian)
  17. Anikeeva S.O. Ob opyte ispol’zovaniya tekhnologii BIM dlya muzeefikatsii derevyannykh pamyatnikov arkhitektury [On the Experience of Using BIM Technology for Museumification of Wooden Architectural Monuments]. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Kul’turologiya i iskusstvovedenie [Tomsk State University Journal. Culturology and Art History]. 2014, no. 1 (13), pp. 31—36. (In Russian)
  18. Anikeeva S.O. Vossozdanie utrachennykh pamyatnikov istorii i arkhitektury s pomoshch’yu tekhnologii BIM (na primere doma s pechkoy, s. Panovo, Krasnoyarskiy kray) [Reconstruction of the Lost Historical and Architectural Monuments Using BIM Technologies (on the Example of a House with a Stove, Village Panovo, Krasnodar Region]. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Istoriya [Tomsk State University Journal. History]. 2013, no. 3 (23), pp. 7—9. (In Russian)
  19. RGADA. F. 1192.Op. 3. D. 10a. [Russian State Archive of Ancient Documents].(In Russian)
  20. RGADA. F. 280. Op. 3. D. 211. [Russian State Archive of Ancient Documents].(In Russian)
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  22. RGADA. F. 1192. Op. 4. D. 1. [Russian State Archive of Ancient Documents].(In Russian)
  23. TsIAM. F. 454. Op. 3. D. 6. [Russian State Archive of Ancient Documents]. (In Russian)
  24. Ob okhrane i ispol’zovanii pamyatnikov istorii i kul’tury (v red. Ukazov Prezidiuma VS RSFSR ot 18.01.1985 g., Federal’nogo zakona ot 25.06.2002. № 73-FZ) St. 35 [On Preservation and Use of Historical and Cultural Monuments (in Edition of the Decree of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 18.01.1985, Federal Law from 25.06.2002. No. 73-FZ), article 35]. (In Russian)
  25. Ob ob”ektakh kul’turnogo naslediya (pamyatnikakh istorii i kul’tury) narodov Rossiyskoy Federatsii : federal’nyy zakon Rossiyskoy Federatsii ot 25 iyunya 2002 g. № 73-FZ (s izmeneniyami na 13 iyulya 2015 goda) [On Objects of Cultural Heritage (Historical and Cultural Monuments) of the Peoples of the Russian Federation from June 25, 2002 no. 73-FZ (with Amendments from July, 13, 2015]. Rosiyskaya gazeta [Russian Newspaper]. 2003, March, article 5.1. (In Russian)
  26. RGADA. F. 1192. Op. 4. D. 1. L. 65. [Russian State Archive of Ancient Documents]. (In Russian)

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SPECIAL FEATURES OF THE PROCESS OF RESTORATION OF ARCHITECTURAL MONUMENTS - CULTURAL SYMBOLS OF POWER

Vestnik MGSU 2/2018 Volume 13
  • Chaynikova Olesya Olegovna - St. Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (SPSUACE) postgraduate student, St. Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (SPSUACE), 4 2nd Krasnoarmeyskaya st., St. Petersburg, 190005, Russian Federation.

Pages 170-189

Subject: in this article, we consider the most important problem in modern restorative practice - a restoration of partially destroyed, ruined and even lost buildings that possess high artistic value, constitute the ceremonial residences of European rulers and are now regarded as cultural symbols of their countries. The analysis of assumptions and methods for restoration of residences, palaces and park ensembles is conducted on the example of such objects as the Royal castle in Warsaw, Berlin City Palace, City Palace in Potsdam, Constantine Palace in Strelna, the Royal castle in Lithuania. On the basis of performed analysis of the restored objects, we consider the conceptual proposals for the project of reconstruction of the Lower cottage complex in Alexandria Park in Peterhof town. Research objectives: determine the main criteria for selecting forms and methods for reconstruction of the residences of Heads of State taking into account their value characteristics and criteria of significance, the importance of the reconstructed object in the surrounding environment. Materials and methods: the study was based on the review and analysis of the literature, scientific works, articles, theses, studies of domestic and international authors, analysis of conceptual projects for the restoration of ruined objects that are planned for implementation in the short term. Results: the main methods of restoration of the lost architectural monuments as cultural symbols of power in European and domestic practice are determined, the most typical value characteristics of recreated objects and their significance in the environment and national culture of the country are identified. Conclusions: the result of the work was determination of the main criteria and prerequisites for restoration of residences when selecting the method of their restoration, and determination of significance of the characteristics and importance of already reconstructed buildings. The supposed functional purpose of the monument plays an important role in determining the method of reconstruction. The value of the obtained results lies in their nature: mass character of the global scale activity, and as a consequence, their “vitality”, the relevance to modern society. As part of the development and approval of the optimal solution for reconstruction of the architectural monument, it is advisable to use 3D modeling software, which allows us to thoughtfully and as accurately as possible determine all aspects of the planned action.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2018.2.170-189

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Didactics and dialectics of modern movement architecture heritage: Konstantin Stepanovich Melnikov

Vestnik MGSU 8/2014
  • Semenov Vadim Nikolaevich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Descriptive Geometry and Graphics, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26, Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 199-207

In the beginning of the 21st century Melnikov's heritage (KM-Heritage) - one of modern architecture apostles - stayed in awful condition. Memories of Melnikov's creative and pedagogical activities were practically lost. In view of this situation in 1995 Creative Youth Center named after K.S. Melnikov (TM-KM Center) was formed in MGAKHIS, in which K.S. Melnikov had been working for the last 16 years of his life. Student's research work of the lost KM-Heritage reconstruction was organized. In 2002 the results of the Center activities were examined by Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences and the Declaration was approved. The Declaration purpose was to join the efforts of the leading domestic and foreign public and state organizations for the complex solving of up-to-date KM-Heritage problems. Public, research-practical training and educational Center of architect Konstantin Stepanovich Melnikov (KM-CENTER) was formed on KM-TM Сenter basis. Dialectical research method of KM-Heritage objects in frames of student's sciencerequired working out special didactic bases and system organization of their continuous studying, research and design reconstruction in a close connection with the educational process. First-year students were involved in scientific process and continued their research activity up to diploma defense. First-year students joined the "senior" colleagues’ research process. The accepted system let students to be absorbed consecutively in cultural heritage objects structure and to form complete picture of their life cycles. The investigated objects are structured and analyzed by students at all the disciplines studied in high school. Creative groups are formed by students of all years, who have foreign languages and information technology skills. Leadership is carried out by graduators and young experts of KM-CENTER. The continuous, structured system of students immersing into the studied object promotes gradual formation and development of creative scientific and technical knowledge and abilities. It also has cultural and didactic value in preparation and education of young experts. They organically become receivers and promoters of cultural values of Modern movement architecture heritage, which will be used in their future creative activity. This system develops youth skills of the joint creative work, which is necessary in the international student's workshops. Almost all remained objects and a number of unfulfilled projects of KM-Heritage were investigated by KM-CENTER students during last years. Heritage objects of All- Russian Exhibition Centre and of an engineer V.G. Shuhov were also investigated. More than hundred students took part in KM-CENTER research work. Over 40 diploma projects were defended. In some cases research proceeded in postgraduate study. The unique research results had received practical realization. Priority directions of KM-CENTER youth activity for preservation, restoration and propagation of engineering, architectural and town-planning heritage objects of Russian Modern movement are the following: further development of researches together with domestic and foreign partners; development of structurally-geometrical modelling, 3D documenting and visualization of Modern movement heritage objects.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.8.199-207

References
  1. Mel'nikov K.S. Arkhitektorskoe slovo v ego arkhitekture [Architect’s Word in his Architecture]. Moscow, «Arkhitektura-S» Publ., 2006. 144 p.
  2. Strigalev A., Kokkinaki I. redactors. Konstantin Stepanovich Mel'nikov: Arkhitektura moey zhizni. Tvorcheskaya kontseptsiya. Tvorcheskaya praktika [Konstantin Stepanovich Melnikov: Architecture of my life. The Creative Concept. Creative Practice]. Moscow, Iskusstvo Publ., 1985, 311 р.
  3. Donetskiy B.N. «Ssylka» v Saratov ["Internal Exile" to Saratov]. Razvitie sovremennogo goroda i reforma ZhKKh. Mezhdunarodnaya nauchno-prakticheskaya konferentsiya [Development of a Modern City and Housing and Communal Services Reform. International Scientific and Practical Conference]. Moscow, MGAKKhiS Publ., 2005, pp. 234—239.
  4. Elenev K.S., editor. Natsional'nyy issledovatel'skiy Moskovskiy gosudarstvennyy stroitel'nyy universitet: na puti iz proshlogo v budushchee (k 90-letiyu osnovaniya) [National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering: on a Way from the Past in the Future (to the Ninetieth Anniversary)]. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2011, 143 p.
  5. Materialy IKOMOS. Konservatsiya i restavratsiya: Nauchno-informatcionnyy sbornik. [ICOMOS Materials. Preservation and Restoration: Scientifically-information Collection]. NITs Informkul'tura, Moscow, Russian State Library, 2007, Issue 4 Pamyati Konstantina Stepanovicha Mel'nikova [In Memory of Konstantin Stepanovich Melnikov], 80 p.
  6. Padiglione Sovietico alla “Exposition Internationale des Arts Decoratifs et Industriels Modernes” a Parigi. Konstantin S. Mel’nikov e la costruzione di Mosca. Milano, Skira, 1999. pp. 138—143.
  7. Trusiani E. Dall’ex Tempore Al Workshop. Esperienze di ricerca e progetto. Rome, Gangemi Editore, 2012, 112 p.
  8. Semenov V.N. Studenty MIKKhiS — Moskve arkhitektora Mel'nikova [MIKHIS Students — Moscow of an Architect Melnikov]. Academia. Arkhitektura i stroitel'stvo [Academia. Architecture and Construction]. Moscow, RAASN Publ., 2003, no. 2, pp. 42—43.
  9. Materialy IKOMOS. Konservatsiya i restavratsiya: Nauchno-informatcionnyy sbornik. [ICOMOS Materials. Preservation and Restoration: Scientifically-information Collection]. NITs Informkul'tura, Moscow, Russian State Library, 2005, Issue 1. Nasledie arkhitektora K.S.Mel'nikova [The Heritage of Architect K.S.Melnikov], 64 р.
  10. Semenov V.N. Soglashenie o sotrudnichestve VVTs i MGAKKhiS [The Cooperation Agreement of the All-Russia Exhibition Centre and MGAKHIS]. Materialy IKOMOS. Okhrana kul'turnogo naslediya: problemy i resheniya : Nauchno-informatsionnyy sbornik [Cultural Heritage Protection: Problems and Solutions. ICOMOS Materials : Scientifically-information Collection]. NITs Informkul'tura, Moscow, Russian State Library, 2010, Issue 2, pp. 9—11.
  11. Semenov V.N. International Student Workshop On Architectural-Landscape Design Employing The Reconstruction And Recreation Of Examples Of The Avant-Garde Heritage Of Architect K.S. Melnikov 20th Century Russian Avant-Garde: Moscow’s Central Gorky Amusement Park And Its Surroundings. RCM Rome Kiev Moscow. Rome, Gangemi Editore, 2012, pp. 23, 70—72, 75—80.
  12. Eloy Rafael Dominguez Diez. Moscow — A Coruna 2012. Santiago de Compostela, Reprografia Noroeste, S.L., 2012, 98 p.
  13. Aoki Mitsumi. Again light of Russian avant-guard. Newspaper «Tokyo Shimbum». Japan, Aug. 7, 2001, p. 11.
  14. Krupina D.Yu. TM-KM Ceter, Moscow State Academy of Utility and Construction. 10 years of activity. Numbers and facts. Ustoychivoe razvitie gorodov i novatsiya zhilishchno-kommunal'nogo kompleksa: Pyataya Mezhdunarodnaya nauchno-prakticheskaya konferentsiya, 4—7 aprelya 2007 g. [Sustainable Development of Cities and an Innovation of a Housing-and-municipal Complex: the Fifth International Scientifically-practical Conference, April, 4—7th, 2007]. Moscow, MIKKhiS Publ., 2007, vol. 2, pp. 182—186.
  15. Konkurs na kontseptsiyu sozdaniya muzeya “Dom Mel'nikova” [Competition on the Concept of a Museum Creation “Melnikov House”]. Moscow, GNIMA named after A.V. Shchusev Publ., 2013. Available at: http://archi.ru/russia/49248/muzei-melnikova. Date of access: 12.05.2014.

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Research into mechanical properties and structure of metals as part of restored construction facilities

Vestnik MGSU 11/2014
  • Gustov Yuriy Ivanovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Machinery, Machine Elements and Process Metallurgy, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; +7 (499) 183-94-95; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Pyatnitskiy Aleksandr Arkad’evich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Building Design and Urban Planning, head, Research and Production Laboratory "Design and Construction", Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Makhov Igor’ Olegovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) postgraduate student, Department of Building Design and Urban Planning, junior research worker, Research and Production Laboratory "Design and Construction", Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 90-97

The article represents a summarized methodology of the research into small-size pilot metal samples of restored construction facilities. In the article, the co-authors demonstrate an option that provides for the analytical identification of standard characteristic values of mechanical properties, based on initial hardness HRB and conversion of hardness values using the Brinell test. Towards this end, analytical dependence of HB hardness on HRB and HRC is proposed. The numerical identification of the temporary resistance to tensile stress σ
в required the pre-setting of the value of the average coefficient of relative elongation. This average coefficient was employed to identify the values of relative elongation and contraction, as well as the yield value of the metal. Standard plasticity and strength values were employed to compile an equation for complex criterion C. This criterion was employed to identify the value of relative uniform elongation and transverse contraction, and both were employed to assess the resistance to tensile stress and fatigue. The optical microscopy method was used to identify the pilot sample of the metal as structural carbon steel having grade C15. Its strength analysis based on the properties of its structural components has proven the identity between the sample metal and the aforementioned steel grade. The method proposed by the co-authors helps to identify the metals of restructured construction facilities on the basis of small-size samples to avoid the collapse of metal structures.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.11.90-97

References
  1. Bessonov G.B. Issledovanie deformatsiy, raschet nesushchey sposobnosti i konstruktivnoe ukreplenie drevnikh raspornykh system [Deformation Investigation, Bearing Capacity Calculation and Constructional Strengthening of Ancient Trust Systems]. Moscow, Soyuzrestavratsiya Publ., 1989, 119 p. (In Russian).
  2. Gudkov A.A., Slavskiy Yu.I. Metody izmereniya tverdosti metallov i splavov [Calculation Methods for Hardness of Metals and Alloys]. Moscow, Metallurgiya Publ., 1982, 168 p. (In Russian).
  3. Klesnil M., Lukas P. Fatigue of Metallic Materials. Prague, Academia Publ., 1980, 240 p.
  4. Callister W.D., Rethwich D.G. Fundamentals of Materials Science and Engineering. An Integrated Approach. John Wiley Sons. Ins., 2008, 896 p.
  5. Tylkin M.A. Spravochnik termista remontnoy sluzhby [Guide of the Heat-treater of Maintenance Service. Moscow, Metallurgiya Publ., 1981, 648 p.
  6. Radzimovsky E.I. Stress Distribution and Strength Condition of Two Rolling Cylinders Pressed Together. University of Illinois Engineering Experiment Station Bulletin Series No. 408, 1953, vol. 50, no. 44, 40 p.
  7. Dubov A., Kolokolnikov S. Quality Assurance of Welded Joints In Power Engineering by the Metal Magnetic Memory Method. Safety and Reliability of Welded Components in Energy and Processing Industry : Proceeding of the JJW International Conference, Graz, Austria. 2008, pp. 709—714.
  8. Kolokol’nikov S.M., Dubov A.A. Opredelenie mekhanicheskikh svoystv metalla svarnykh shvov po parametram tverdosti v zonakh kontsentratsii napryazheniy, vyyavlennykh metodom magnitnoy pamyati metalla [Determination of the Mechanical Properties of Welds Metals on Hardness Parameters in Stress Concentration Areas Detected by Metal Magnetic Memory Method]. Diagnostika oborudovaniya i konstruktsiy s ispol’zovaniem magnitnoy pamyati metallov : sbornik dokladov VII Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-tekhnicheskoy konferentsii [Diagnostics of Equipment and Structures with Application of Metal Magnetic Memory : Collection of the Papers of the 7th International Science and Practice Conference]. Moscow, OOO «Energodiagnostika» Publ., 2013, pp. 66—76. (In Russian).
  9. Gustov Yu.I., Allattouf H. Issledovanie vzaimosvyazi koeffitsientov plastichnosti i predela tekuchesti staley standartnykh kategoriy prochnosti [Study of Interdependence between Ductility Factors and Yield Limits for Steels of Standard Strength Grades]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2013, no. 7, pp. 22—26. (In Russian).
  10. Gustov Yu.I., Voronina I.V., Kurtenok N.P., Allattouf H. Sootnosheniya chisel tverdosti v raschetakh na staticheskuyu i tsiklicheskuyu prochnost' konstruktsionnykh staley [Ratios of Hardness Numbers in Calculations of Static and Cyclical Strength of Construction Types of Steels]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2013, no. 1, pp. 72—78. (In Russian).
  11. Allattouf H. Otsenka rabotosposobnosti truboprovodnykh staley po energeticheskim kriteriyam [Performance Evaluation of Pipe Steels According to Energetic Criteria]. Mekhanizatsiya stroitel’stva [Automation of Construction]. 2014, no. 6, pp. 46—48. (In Russian).
  12. Gustov Yu.I., Gustov D.Yu. Issledovanie vzaimosvyazi mekhanicheskikh svoystv metallicheskikh materialov [Interrelation Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Metal Materials]. Teoreticheskie osnovy stroitel’stva : doklad VII pol’sko-rossiyskogo seminara [Theoretical Basis of Construction : Reports of the 7th Polish-Russian Workshop]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 1998, pp. 225—228. (In Russian).
  13. Sansalone M., Jaeger B. Applications of the Impact — Echo Method for Detecting Flaws in Highway Bridges. Structural Materials Technology. An NTD Conference. San Diego, California, 1996, pp. 204—210.
  14. Ivanova V.S., Balankin A.S., Bunin I.Zh., Oksogoev A.A. Sinergetika i fraktaly v materialovedenii [Synergy and Fractals in Materials Science]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1994, 383 p. (In Russian).
  15. Fridman Ya.B. Mekhanicheskie svoystva metallov. Chast’ 2. Mekhanicheskie ispytaniya. Konstruktsionnaya prochnost’ [Mechanical Properties of Metals. Part 2. Mechanical Tests. Structural Strength]. Monograph. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 1972, 368 p. (In Russian).

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Inspection problems of rural stone churches

Vestnik MGSU 2/2016
  • Cherkasova Lyudmila Igorevna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Soil Mechanics and Geomechanics, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation.
  • Paushkin Aleksandr Glebovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Strength of Materials, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation.
  • Alekseev German Valer’evich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Soil Mechanics and Geotechnics, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation.

Pages 74-85

The authors describe the reasons for the destruction and the difficult process of restoring old stone churches built before 1917. The article notes the difference between these processes in the village and in the city. In the villages a large number of churches are in emergency condition, but continue to be operated as intended, i.e. for divine service. The article gives the classification of the causes for the destruction process of old rural churches. At the present time old temples usually destruct due to the lack of timely rehabilitation works. Recovery is hindered by the high cost of a comprehensive inspection and restoration. The work can be greatly reduced if the goal is not restoration, but conservation and prevention of an emergency condition. The authors come to the conclusion that the survey of rural churches as opposed to urban ones has the main goals: to determine the state category, to provide space in which the religious services may be held, for example, in the summer, and to provide materials for preservation of the part of the building, the operation of which is impossible. The problems of preservation of the architectural decor and restoration of items are not considered in such an inspection. Such a survey can be called “Express survey”. Express survey is conducted for a short time with a small group of specialists. The examination includes visual examination, thorough photographic images, study of the geological history of the area, interviews with the residents, description of the defects, which reduce the reliability of the building, recommendations for the strengthening of structures, conservation and monitoring frequencies. The works on measurement and determination of the strength of materials must be minimized. For more efficient operation, it is proposed to amend the regulations or create a separate document in addition to the known norms regulating the work using a rapid survey.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2016.2.74-85

References
  1. Chernyshev S.N. Kompleksnye inzhenernye izyskaniya na pamyatnike arkhitektury — tserkvi Spasa Nerukotvornogo v muzee Abramtsevo [Complex Engineering Researches on an Architecture Monument — Church of the Vernicle in the Museum Abramtzevo]. Inzhenernaya geologiya [Engineering Geology]. 2008, no. 2, pp. 66—68. (In Russian)
  2. Chernyshev S.N. Inzhenerno-geologicheskie usloviya, fundamenty i gruntovye sooruzheniya Svyato-Troitskogo Serafimo-Diveevskogo zhenskogo Monastyrya [Engineering-Geological Conditions, Bases and Soil Constructions of Sacred and Troitsk Serafimo-Diveevsky Convent]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2009, no. 1, pp. 77—85. (In Russian)
  3. Chernyshev S.N., Timofeev V.Yu. Merzlotnye i gibridnye geologicheskie protsessy v glinistykh gruntakh sooruzheniya svyatoy Bogorodichnoy kanavki [Creosotic and Hybrid Geological Processes in Clay Soils of the Structure of a Sacred Mother’s of God Ditch]. Inzhenernaya geologiya [Engineering Geology]. 2012, no. 6, pp. 68—72. (In Russian)
  4. Kolmogorova S.S. Otsenka kharakteristik butovoy kladki fundamenta [Assessment of the Characteristics of a Rubble Laying of the Base]. Izvestiya Peterburgskogo universiteta putey soobshcheniya [Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University]. 2006, no. 3, pp. 72—78.
  5. Paushkin G.A., Cherkasova L.I., Kryzhanovskiy A.L., Alekseev G.V. Problemy nadezhnosti osnovaniy i fundamentov khramovykh zdaniy na ostrove Anzer [Problems of Foundations and Bases Stability of Church Buildings on Anzer Island]. Problemy obespecheniya ekologicheskoy bezopasnosti stroitel’stva : IV Denisovskie chteniya. Sbornik [Problems of Ensuring Ecological Safety of the Construction : 4th Denisovsky Readings. Collection]. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2008, pp. 126—133. (In Russian)
  6. Cherkasova L.I., Chernyshev S.N. Destructive Processes in Rubble Foundations of the Kazanskaya Church of the Diveevskii Monastery. Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering. 2004, vol. 41, no. 5, pp. 172—176. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11204-005-0004-0.
  7. Valluzzi M.R., Binda L., Modena C. Mechanical Behaviour of Historic Masonry Structures Strengthened by Bed Joints Structural Repointing. Construction and Building Materials. 2005, no. 19 (1), pp. 63—73. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2004.04.036.
  8. Tereshin A.A., Alekseev G.V. Rekomenduemaya metodika rabot po organizatsii geodezicheskogo monitoringa za deformatsiyami zdaniy Golgofo-raspyatskogo Anzerskogo skita na o. Anzer Solovetskogo arkhipelaga [The Recommended Methodology for Organization of Geodetic Monitoring of Deformations of Buildings of Golgofo-Raspadskiy Skete on Anzer Island of Solovetsky Archipelago]. Gornyy informatsionno-analiticheskiy byulleten’ [Mining Informational and Analytical Bulletin]. 2015, no. 2, pp. 119—124. (In Russian)
  9. Pokrovskaya E.N., Koval’chuk Yu.L. Biokorroziya, sokhranenie pamyatnikov istorii i arkhitektury [Biological Corrosion, Preservation of Monuments of History and Architecture]. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2013, 212 p. (In Russian)
  10. Alekseev S.I., Kolmogorova S.S. Geotekhnicheskoe obosnovanie usileniya butovykh fundamentov istoricheskikh zdaniy [Geotechnical Justification of Strengthening of Rubble Foundations of Historic Buildings]. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel’nogo universiteta [Vestnik Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building]. 2007, no. 3, pp. 158—165. (In Russian)
  11. Pashkin E.M., Bessonov G.B. Diagnostika deformatsiy pamyatnikov arkhitektury [Diagnostics of Deformations of Architectural Monuments]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1984, 255 p. (In Russian)
  12. Pashkin E.M. Inzhenerno-geologicheskaya diagnostika deformatsiy pamyatnikov arkhitektury [Engineering-Geological Diagnostics of Deformations of Monuments of Architecture]. Moscow, Vysshaya shkola Publ., 1998, 255 p. (In Russian)
  13. Nikiforova N.S., Zekhniev F.F., Astaf’ev S.V., Burtovaya O.V. Vliyanie stroitel’stva unikal’nykh ob”ektov s podzemnoy chast’yu na primykayushchie istoricheskie zdaniya [Effect of the Construction of Unique Objects with the Underground Part on the Adjacent Historic Buildings]. Vestnik grazhdanskikh inzhenerov [Bulletin of Civil Engineers]. Saint Petersburg, 2009, no. 2 (19), pp. 126—130. (In Russian)
  14. Romera L.E., Hernández S., Reinosa J.M. Numerical Characterization of the Structural Behaviour of the Basilica of Pilar in Zaragoza (Spain). Part 1: Global and Local Models. Advances in Engineering Software. 2008, no. 39 (4), pp. 301—314. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advengsoft.2007.01.009.
  15. Ivorra S., Pallarés F.J., Adam J.M., Tomás R. An Evaluation of the Incidence of Soil Subsidence on the Dynamic Behaviour of a Gothic Bell Tower. Engineering Structures. 2010, no. 32 (8), pp. 2318—2325. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2010.04.007.
  16. Cherkasova L.I., Alekseev G.V., Medvedev E.A. Opyt provedeniya ekspress-obsledovaniya zdaniya v period razrusheniya osnovaniya (na primere odnogo ob”ekta) [The Experience of Conducting a Rapid Survey of the Building in the Period of the Destruction of the Base (on the Example of One Object]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2006, no. 1, pp. 170—173. (In Russian)
  17. Slukin V.M. Nerazrushayushchie metody issledovaniya pamyatnikov arkhitektury [Nondestructive Research Methods of Architectural Monuments]. Sverdlovsk, Izdatel’stvo Ural’skogo universiteta Publ., 1988, 218 p. (In Russian)
  18. Mikhaylov V.V., Chernyshev C.H. Provaly na territorii Svyato-Troitskogo Serafimo-Diveevskogo monastyrya i sela Diveeva Nizhegorodskoy oblasti [Dips in the Territory of the Svyato-Troitskij Serafimo-Diveevskij Monastery and the Diveevo Village, Nizhny Novgorod Region]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 1-1, pp. 417—423. (In Russian)
  19. Paushkin A.G., Cherkasova L.I., Ivanov M.N. K voprosu o kachestve sovremennykh stroitel’nykh norm [To a Question of the Quality of Modern Construction Norms]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering]. 2013, no. 11, pp. 55—58. (In Russian)
  20. Paushkin A.G., Cherkasova L.I., Ivanov M.N. O sistemnykh kriteriyakh opredeleniya kategoriy tekhnicheskogo sostoyaniya ob”ektov kul’turnogo naslediya po stepeni iznosa i povrezhdeniya [On System Criteria for Determining the Categories of the Technical Condition of Objects of Cultural Heritage According to the Degree of Wear and Damage]. Internet-Vestnik VolgGASU. Seriya: Politematicheskaya [Internet Proceedings of Volgograd State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. Polythematic Series]. 2014, no. 4 (35), article 19. Available at: http://vestnik.vgasu.ru/?source=4&articleno=1813. (In Russian)

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Publication of the engineering documentation that accompanies the state order placement procedure

Vestnik MGSU 9/2012
  • Polovtsev Igor Nikolaevich - St.Petersburg State University (SPGU) Deputy Head, Capital Construction Department, St.Petersburg State University (SPGU), 7/9 Universitetskaya na berezhnaya, St.Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 221 - 226

The author analyzes the scope of technical documents required to be published in the course
of the placement of state and municipal construction-related orders. The conclusion made by the
author is that the publication of the package of technical documentation facilitates competition in
the construction industry. Moreover, the publication of technical documents contributes to higher
responsibility of both design engineers in terms of the quality of design works and the customers in
terms of their acceptance and assessment of completed projects.
The issue of arrangement of placement of construction orders (namely, the contractor selection
procedure) needs further elaboration. It must be considered in the course of further development
of the Federal legislation regulating the procedure of placement of state orders.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.9.221 - 226

References
  1. Grazhdanskiy kodeks Rossiyskoy Federatsii. Chast’ vtoraya. Federal’nyy Zakon ot 26 yanvarya 1996 g. ¹ 14-FZ. [Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Part 2. Federal Law of January 26, 1996 no. 14-FZ]. Sobr. zakonodatel’stva Rossiyskoy Federatsii [Legislation Bulletin of the Russian Federation]. 1996, no. 5, p. 410.
  2. O razmeshchenii zakazov na postavki tovarov, vypolnenie rabot, okazanie uslug dlya gosudarstvennykh i munitsipal’nykh nuzhd. Federal’nyy Zakon ot 21 iyulya 2005 g. ¹ 94-FZ. [About the Placement of Orders for the Supply of Commodities, Performance of Works, Provision of Services as Requested by the Government and Municipal Authorities. Federal Law of July 21, 1995, no. 94-FZ]. Rossiyskaya gazeta [Russian Newspaper]. 28 July, 2005.
  3. Afanas’ev D.V. Problemy razmeshcheniya munitsipal’nogo zakaza v forme auktsiona [Problems That Accompany the Placement of Municipal Orders through the Announcement of Contests]. Aktual’nye problemy gumanitarnykh i estestvennykh nauk [Relevant Problems of Humanities and Natural Sciences]. 2010, no. 8, pp. 101—102.
  4. Asaul A.N., Koshecheev V.A. Gosudarstvennoe predprinimatel’stvo v stroitel’stve (gosudarstvennyy stroitel’nyy zakaz) [State Entrepreneurship in the Construction Industry (State Construction Order)]. Sovremennye naukoemkie tekhnologii [Modern Science-intensive Technologies]. 2010, no. 2, p. 140.
  5. Glazov N.M. Osobennosti provedeniya gosudarstvennykh zakupok na podryadnye raboty v stroitel’stve [Peculiarities of Governmental Procurement of Contractual Works in the Construction Industry]. Obshchestvo. Sreda. Razvitie (Terra Humana) [Society. Environment. Development (Terra Humana)]. 2011, no. 3, pp. 19—23.
  6. Oparin S.G., Sulima V.V. Razvitie konkursov na pravo zaklyucheniya gosudarstvennogo kontrakta na stroitel’stvo ob”ektov transportnoy infrastruktury [Development of Contests for the Right to Make State Contracts for Construction of Transportation Structures]. Nauchno-tekhnicheskie vedomosti Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo politekhnicheskogo universiteta [Scientific and Technical Bulletin of St.Petersburg State University of Technology]. 2011, no. 125, pp. 55—62.
  7. Dautiya T.V. Analiz pravovogo statusa chlenov samoreguliruemoy organizatsii v sfere stroitel’stva v ramkakh provodimoy reformy perekhoda ot litsenzirovaniya k samoregulirovaniyu po zakonodatel’stvu Rossii [Analysis of the Legal Status of Self-regulated Organizations in the Construction Industry within the Framework of the Reform and Transition from Licensing to Self-regulation as Part of the Legislation of the Russian Federation]. Collected papers of International Scientific and Practical Conference “Modern Tends in Theoretical and Practical Research’2012”. Odessa, 2012, no. 1, vol. 22. pp. 18—27.
  8. Silka D.N. O merakh regulirovaniya gosudarstvennogo zakaza v stroitel’stve [About Actions Aimed at the Regulation of State Orders in the Construction Industry]. Regional’naya ekonomika: teoriya i praktika [Regional Economy: Theory and Practice]. 2011, no. 28, pp. 17—21.
  9. Vetvitskiy I.G. Goszakaz kak odin iz osnovnykh mekhanizmov rynochnoy ekonomiki [State Order as One of Basic Mechanisms of the Market Economy]. Sotsial’no-ekonomicheskie yavleniya i protsessy [Social and Economic Phenomena and Processes]. 2010, no. 6, pp. 52—55.
  10. Polozhenie o sostave razdelov proektnoy dokumentatsii i trebovaniyakh k ikh soderzhaniyu. utv. postanovleniem Pravitel’stva Rossiyskoy Federatsii ot 16 fevr. 2008 g. ¹ 87 [Provision on the Composition of Sections of Design Documentation and Requirements Applicable to Their Content. Approved by the Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of 16 February 2008, no. 87]. Rossiyskaya gazeta [Russian Newspaper]. 27 February, 2008.
  11. Pis’mo zamestitelya ministra kul’tury RF K.G. Cherepennikova ot 11 yanvarya 2012 goda ¹ 3-01-39/10-KCh. [Letter issued by the Minister of Culture of the Russian Federation, Mr. K.G. Cherepennikov, on 11 January, 2012, no. 3-01-39/10-KCh]. Web-site of the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation. Available at: http://www.mkrf.ru/documentations/letter/detail.php?ID=213102. Date of access: 28.06.12.
  12. Polovtsev I.N. On the Scope of Documentation to be Published for Performance of Order Placement Procedures in the Field of Construction in the Russian Federation. Collected papers of International Scientific and Practical Conference “Modern Tends in Theoretical and Practical Research’2012”. Odessa, 2012, No. 1, vol. 22. pp. 3—6.
  13. Polovtsev I.N. Normativno-pravovoy kharakter restavratsionnykh norm i pravil [Normative and Legislative Nature of Restoration Norms and Regulations]. Pravovaya nauka [Legal Science]. 2012, no. 1(4), pp. 22—23.
  14. Pis’mo Federal’noy antimonopol’noy sluzhby ot 23 iyulya 2010 g. ¹ IA/23610 [Letter issued by the Federal Antimonopoly Service Department in charge of Jewish Autonomous Region of 23 July 2010, no. IA/23610]. Extracted from Consultant Plus database available at: http://eao.fas.gov.ru/sites/eao.f.isfb.ru/files/analytic/2012/01/27/tekst_pisma_no_ia23610_ot_23.07.2010g..pdf. Date of access: 28.06.12.

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The history of the construction and reconstruction of the Yaroslavsky station

Vestnik MGSU 8/2018 Volume 13
  • Posvyatenko Yulia V. - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, senior lecturer of the Department of History and Philosophy; ORCID: 0000-0002-1594-6128., Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 912-923

Subject: the subject of this research is the extension of the history of the Yaroslavsky Station building and its interiors’ reconstruction and restoration caused by changes in the cultural and historical development of Russia. Objective: to generalize the scattered data related to the Yaroslavsky station building construction and reconstruction; to find out what the impact of external conditions related to the various periods of development of Russian history and culture on the appearance of the station was; to find actual materials about restorers’ actions in the last decades; to trace the change in the functional peculiarities of the station. Methods: the methodology of the article is based on the principles of objectivity, consistency and historicism. With the help of historical and genetic method, the conditions that gave birth to the need to create the station, the reasons that contributed to the constant changes in the design of the building, its interiors and their content were examined. The functioning of the station building in a capital city was described by systematization of separate materials, generalization and analysis of data from various sources. Results: the main result was the statement that the Yaroslavsky station, being an important public building, retains significant changes in the development of Russian society in its history and appearance and reflects new ideas implemented in construction practice. Significant changes in the appearance and scale of the station building were noted; they occurred after the revolutionary events of 1917, the victory in the Great Patriotic War, the increase in passenger flow in the 1960s and attempts to restore the elements of historical interiors and exteriors of the station of the Shekhtel’s reconstruction time since the 1990s. The actual materials for the reconstruction and restoration of the station building in last decades, the expansion of the functions of the station premises, as well as the prospects for the development of work in this direction were elicited from various sources. Conclusion: the interesting experience of construction and reconstruction of the Yaroslavsky station allows saving and positioning of the most valuable elements of the building, designed by outstanding architects, tracing the nature of the semantic and engineering changes. The materials complement our ideas about the mutual influence of the transport system development and public consciousness on the architecture of the railway stations. The prospects for the preservation of the cultural heritage and the expansion of its functions are shown.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2018.8.912-923

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