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INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND LOGISTICS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF THE LAYOUT, ENGINEERING PLANS AND STRUCTURAL SOLUTIONS OF BRIDGECROSSINGS WITHIN NETWORKS OF URBAN STREETS AND ROADS

Vestnik MGSU 2/2013
  • Storchak Yuriy Anatol’evich - Global Media Group city engineer, analyst, theorist, President; +38 (099) 255-87-90, Global Media Group, 3 Lesi Ukrainki Boulevard, Kiеv, 01023, Ukraine; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 204-212

Modeling of operation of cities and their transportation systems is a multi-component challenge composed of various data and decision options. Improvement of this analytical mechanism will make it possible to save the resources invested into development and operation of transportation and urban planning solutions.The mathematical modeling solution proposed by the author helps identify both predictable and accidental features of composite engineering and transport solutions. Assessments of the intensity of traffic, road capacity, speeds, parameters of geometrical elements, cost of construction and operation are also possible.Any thorough analysis requires specialized algorithms. Modeling of traffic streams in terms of the safety of the road motion reveals bottlenecks and dangerous areas to improve the traffic arrangements, or organization of the road motion.Cities and urban bridge crossings and their environment represent complex systems of interaction and mutual influence. Therefore, the mathematical model designed and developed by the author is based on the most relevant urban planning theories.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.2.204-212

References
  1. Akhmadinurov M.M. Obzor metodov modelirovaniya transportnykh sistem [Overview of Transport Hub Modeling Systems]. Transport Urala [Transportation of the Urals]. 2009, no. 3(22), pp. 39—44.
  2. Fedorov V.P., Bulycheva N.V. Modelirovanie avtomobil’nykh potokov v tsentral’noy zone krupnogo goroda [Modeling of Traffic Streams in Downtown Areas of a Big City]. Sotsial’noekonomicheskie problemy razvitiya transportnykh sistem gorodov i zon ikh vliyaniya [Social and Economic Problems That Accompany Development of Urban Transportation Systems and Areas of Their Influence]. Materialy XIII Mezhdunar. (shestnadtsatoy ekaterinburgskoy) nauch.-prakt. konf. [Materials of the 13th International (and 16th Ekaterinburg) Scientific and Practical Conference]. Ekaterinburg, AMB Publ., 2007, pp. 101—105.
  3. Fedorov V.P., Pakhomova O.M., Losin L.A., Bulycheva N.V. Kompleksnoe modelirovanie potokov obshchestvennogo i individual’nogo transporta [Comprehensive Modeling of Private and Public Transport Streams]. Sotsial’no-ekonomicheskie problemy razvitiya transportnykh sistem gorodov i zon ikh vliyaniya [Social and Economic Problems That Accompany Development of Urban Transportation Systems and Areas of Their Influence]. Materialy XI Mezhdunar. (chetyrnadtsatoy ekaterinburgskoy) nauch.-prakt. konf. [Materials of the 11th International (and 14th Ekaterinburg) Scientific and Practical Conference]. Ekaterinburg, AMB Publ., 2005, pp. 29—33.
  4. Shvetsov V.I., Aliev A.S. Matematicheskoe modelirovanie zagruzki transportnykh setey [Mathematical Modeling of Occupancy of Transport Hubs]. Moscow, 2003.
  5. Brilon W. and Hartmann D. Fortentwicklung und Bereitstellung eines bundeseinheitlichen Simulationsmodells f?r Bundesautobahnen. Research project FE01/157/2001/IRB for the Bundesanstalt f?r Stra?enwesen (Federal Highway Research Institute, Germany), in cooperation with the Ruhr-University Bochum. Germany, 2004.

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Emergency destruction of a panel residence building, type series 1-115

Vestnik MGSU 11/2014
  • Malakhova Anna Nikolaevna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Architectural and Construction Design of Reinforced Concrete and Masonry Structures, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; +7 (495) 583-47-53; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Balakshin Andrey Sergeevich - State Unitary Enterprise of the Moscow Region Mosoblstroytsnil (Mosoblstroytsnil) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Director, State Unitary Enterprise of the Moscow Region Mosoblstroytsnil (Mosoblstroytsnil), 29-2, Olimpiyskiy prospect, Mytishchi, 141006, Moscow Region; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 109-117

The co-authors consider the design solution developed for a panel residence building, type series 1-115, and provide a description of the emergency destruction of structural elements of a 9-storey panel residence building of this type (built in 1979), following a gas explosion. The overall length of the building is 86.4 m; its width is 12 m. The structural system in this building represents a longitudinal wall. Its external longitudinal walls are wade of ceramsite concrete, while its interior walls are made of concrete. Its reinforced concrete hollow slabs rest on the longitudinal load-bearing walls. The transverse walls of staircases are made of concrete blocks. The strip foundation supports the load-bearing walls of the building. The epicenter of the explosion was located in the kitchen on the eighth floor of the building. The kitchen was immediately adjacent to the staircase of the building. Partial destruction of the building followed the gas explosion. Exterior walls of its eighth and ninth floors and the attic were destroyed. Panel buildings designed in pursuance of the longitudinal structural system are more vulnerable to explosive loads compared to buildings designed to the cross-wall structural system, where bearing slabs rest on three interior walls. Thus, all slabs rest on each of the three internal walls of the building on both sides. In the buildings designed to the longitudinal wall structural system, slabs rest on the two walls, one of which is external. The article is based on the report following the inspection of the technical condition of the building, undertaken subsequent to its emergency destruction.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.11.109-117

References
  1. Tipovoy proekt 111-94-43/75.2 Dom 9-etazhnyy 4-sektsionnyy 144-kvartirnyy [The Standard Project 111-94-43/75.2 9-storey 4-section 144-apartment Residential Building]. Moscow, MNIITEP Publ., 1969. Available at: http://allproekt.ru/catalog/project/599606. Date of access: 11.09.2014. (In Russian).
  2. Bulgakov S.N., Tamrazyan A.G., Rakhman I.A., Stepanov A.Yu. Snizhenie riskov v stroitel’stve pri chrezvychaynykh situatsiyakh prirodnogo i tekhnogennogo kharaktera [Reduction of Risks in the Construction in Emergency Situations of Natural and Technogenic Character]. Moscow, MAKS Press, 2004, pp. 180—209. (In Russian).
  3. Posobie po proektirovaniyu zhilykh zdaniy. Vyp. 3. Konstruktsii zhilykh zdaniy (k SNiP 2.08.01—85) [Guidelines on Design of Residential Houses. Issue 3. Constructions of Residential Houses (to SNiP 2.08.01—85)]. Moscow, TsNIIEPzhilishcha Publ., 1986, 305 p.
  4. Maklakova T.G. Konstruirovanie krupnopanel'nykh zdaniy [Construction of Large-panel Buildings]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1975, pp. 33—35. (In Russian).
  5. Kashevarova G.G., Pepelyaev A.A. Modelirovanie i retrospektivnyy analiz vzryva bytovogo gaza v kirpichnom zdanii [Modeling and Lookback Study of Utility Gas Explosion in Brick Buildings]. Stroitel’naya mekhanika i raschet sooruzheniy [Structural Mechanics and Calculation of Buildings]. 2010, no. 2, pp. 31—36. (In Russian).
  6. Mkrtychev O.V., Dorozhinskiy V.B. Veroyatnostnoe modelirovanie vzryvnogo vozdeystviya [Probabilistic Modeling of Explosive Loading]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2012, no. 11, pp. 278—282. (In Russian).
  7. Mkrtychev O.V., Dorozhinskiy V.B. Analiz podkhodov k opredeleniyu parametrov vzryvnogo vozdeystviya [Assessment of Reliability of the Foundation Slab Resting on the Linearly Deformable Bed and Characterized by the Modulus of Deformation Variable in X- and Y-axis Directions]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2012, no. 5, pp. 45—49. (In Russian).
  8. Mkrtychev O.V., Dorozhinskiy V.B. Bezopasnost’ zdaniy i sooruzheniy pri vzryvnykh vozdeystviyakh [The safety of buildings and structures under explosive effects]. Vestnik NITs Stroitel’stvo [Proceedings of Scientific Research Center Construction]. 2011, no. 3—4, pp. 21—34. (In Russian).
  9. Maes M.A., Fritzsons K.E., Glowienka S. Structural Robustness in the Light of Risk and Consequence Analysis. Structural Engineering International. 2006, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 101—107. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/101686606777962468.
  10. Kashevarova G.G., Pepelyaev A.A., Zobacheva A.Yu. Vozdeystvie vzryva bytovogo gaza na protsess deformirovaniya i razrusheniya konstruktsiy kirpichnogo zhilogo zdaniya [Impact of Utility Gas Explosion on the Deformation and Fracture of the Constructions of Brick Residential Buildings]. SWold : sbornik nauchykh trudov. Sovremennye napravleniya teoreticheskikh i prikladnykh issledovaniy 2012 : materialy mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii [SWold: Collection of Scientific Works. Current Trends of Theoretical and Applied Investigations 2012 : Materials of International Science and Practice Conference]. Odessa, KUPRIENKO Publ., 2012, issue 1, vol. 4, pp. 58—61. (In Russian).
  11. Kashevarova G.G., Pepelyaev A.A. Issledovanie problemy zashchity tipovykh zhilykh zdaniy ot progressiruyushchego razrusheniya [Study of the Problems of Standard Residential Buildings Protection from Progressive Collapse]. International Journal for Computational Civil and Structural Engineering. 2008, vol. 4, issue. 2, pp. 69—70. (In Russian).
  12. Pilyugin L.P. Obespechenie vzryvoustoychivosti zdaniy s pomoshch’yu predokhranitel’nykh konstruktsiy [Providing Explosion Stability of Buildings with Safety Constructions]. Moscow, Pozharnaya bezopasnost’ i nauka Publ., 2000, 224 p. (In Russian).
  13. Timothy Beach, Peggy Van Eepoel. Blast Protection and Historic Preservation. Civil Engineerig. October, 2012, pp. 66—71.
  14. Smith J.W. Structural Robustness Analysis and the Fast Fracture Analogy // Structural Engineering International. 2006, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 118—123. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/10.2749/101686606777962521.
  15. Starossek U. Typology of Progressive Collapse. Engineering Structures. 2007, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 2302—2307. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.11.025.
  16. Starossek U. Disproportionate Collapse: a Pragmatic Approach. Structures and Buildings. 2007, vol. 160, no. 6, pp. 317—325. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/stbu.2007.160.6.317.
  17. Starossek U., Haberland M. Disproportionate Collapse: Terminology and Procedures. Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities. 2010, vol. 24, no. 6, pp. 519—528. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0000138.
  18. Ellingwood B.R., Dusenberry D.O. Building Design for Abnormal Loads and Progressive Collapse. Infrastructure Engineering. 2005, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 194—205. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8667.2005.00387.x.
  19. Starossek U., Haberland M. Approaches to Measures of Structural Robustness. Structure and Infrastructure Engineering. 2011, vol. 7, nos. 7 and 8, pp. 625—631. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2010.501562.
  20. Al’bom rabochikh chertezhey po vosstanovleniyu konstruktsiy razrushennogo vzryvom gaza 9-etazhnogo doma po adresu: MO, g. Sergiev Posad, pos. Zagorskie Dali, d. 3 (OAO «KB im. A.A. Yakusheva») [Album of Working Drawings for Restoration of the Constructions of 9 Storey Building Destroyed by a Gas Explosion at Moscow Region, Sergiev Posad, Zagorskie Dali village, 3]. Moscow, 2013. (In Russian).

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Defects of multi-layer brick masonry exterior walls

Vestnik MGSU 10/2014
  • Malakhova Anna Nikolaevna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Architectural and Construction Design of Reinforced Concrete and Masonry Structures, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; +7 (495) 583-47-53; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 87-94

The article discusses possible defects of exterior walls of buildings that can occur in a multilayer brick masonry. The article is based on the inspection materials of the school building located in Bronnitsy, Moscow Region. The reasons of brick masonry defects are considered and analyzed. An external wall strength calculation of the stairwell of the building is given, confirming the reasons for the formation of defects in the masonry. The static calculation results of the exterior wall of the building stairwell revealed the presence of tensile forces in the zone of window sill of the lower window opening of the exterior wall of the building. The calculations of masonry tensile showed that load bearing capacity of the masonry in window sill zone is not provided. Thus, the calculation is justified for cracks in the window sill area of the calculated wall. The appearance of hairline cracks on the outer face of a decorative protective layer multi-layer masonry is due to the thermal deformations, the manifestation of which is enhanced by the presence of the layer of effective insulation located behind the layer of masonry and embarrassing action of rigid ties on the development of thermal deformations.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.10.87-94

References
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  2. Vivanocos J.-L. Soto J., Perez I., Ros-Lis J.V., Martínez-Máñez R. A New Model Based on Experimental Results for the Thermal Characterization of Bricks. Building and Environment. 2009, vol. 44, no. 5, pp. 1047—1052. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2008.07.016.
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  5. Garevski M. Fixed and Base Isolation Retrofitting of Historic Masonry Buildings. Int. J. of Materials and Structural Integrity. 2011, vol. 5, no. 2/3, pp. 118—135. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJMSI.2011.041930.
  6. Malakhova A.N. Konstruktivnye resheniya naruzhnykh sten kirpichnykh zdaniy [Constructive Solutions of the Exterior Walls of Brick Buildings]. Stroitel'nye materialy, oborudovanie, tekhnologii XXI veka [Construction Materials, Equipment, Technologies of the 21st Century. 2009, no. 1, pp. 22—23. (in Russian)
  7. Krasil'nikov P.A. et al, editors. Kamennye steny [Masonry Walls]. Konstruktivnye detali zhilykh i grazhdanskikh zdaniy [Structural Members of Residential and Civil Buildings]. Moscow, Gosudarstvennoe arkhitekturnoe izdatel'stvo Publ., 1949, pp. 14—15. (in Russian)
  8. Posobie po proektirovaniyu kamennykh i armokamennykh konstruktsiy (k SNiP II-22-81 «Kamennye i armokamennye konstruktsii. Normy proektirovaniya») [Manual of Engineering Masonry and Reinforced Masonry Structures (to SNIP II-22-81) “Masonry and Reinforced Masonry Structures. Design Standards]. V.A. Kucherenko CSRIBS, State Committee for Construction of the USSR, Moscow, VDPP Gosstroya SSSR Publ., 1989, pp. 55—56. (in Russian)
  9. MTSK — 6.2. Effektivnaya kirpichnaya kladka / Chast' VI. Tekhnicheskie resheniya, normali [An Effective B rick Masonry. Part 4. Technical Solutions. Standards]. Moskovskiy territorial'nyy stroitel'nyy katalog [Moscow Territorial Construction Catalogue]. Moscow, 1999, pp. 45. (in Russian)
  10. Umnyakova N.P. Dolgovechnost’ trekhsloynykh sten s oblitsovkoy iz kirpicha s vysokim urovnem teplovoy zashchity [Durability of Three-layered Walls with Brick Facing that Provides High Thermal Protection]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2013, no. 1, pp. 94—100. (in Russian)
  11. El'chishcheva T.E., El'chishcheva M.M. Vliyanie rezhima zamorozkov na dolgovechnost' naruzhnykh ograzhdayushchikh konstruktsiy v Tsentral'no-Chernozemnom regione [The Influence of Frost on the Durability of External Walls in Central Black Earth Region]. Zhilishchnoe stroitel'stvo [Housing construction]. 2012, no. 6, pp. 32—34. (in Russian)
  12. Calderoni B., Cordasco E.A., Lenza P., Gaetana P. A Simplified Theoretical Model for the Evaluation of Structural Behaviour of Masonry Spandrels. J. of Materials and Structural Integrity. 2011, vol. 5, no. 2/3, pp. 192—214. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJMSI.2011.041934.
  13. Stupishin L.Yu., Masalov A.V. Metody i problemy teplotekhnicheskikh ispytaniy mnogosloynykh kladok [Methods and Problems of Thermal Testings of Multilayer Masonry]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering]. 2014, no. 2, pp. 41—43. (in Russian)
  14. Bashir M. Suleiman. Thermal Load Calculations of Multilayered Walls. World Academy of Science. Engineering and Technology. 2012, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 627—631.
  15. Yumrutas R, Unsa M., Kanog M. Periodic Solution of Transient Heat Flow Throw through Multilayer Walls and Flat Roofs by Complex Finite Fourier Transform Technique. Building and Environment. 2005, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 1117—1126.
  16. Glikin S.M. Naruzhnye steny i steny podvalov s teploizolyatsiey iz penostekla marki «Neoparm» [Exterior Walls and Basement Walls Insulated with Foam Glass Mark "Neoparm"]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering]. 2014, no. 7, pp. 35—38. (in Russian)
  17. Livshits D.V., Ponomarev O.I., Lomova L.M. Povyshenie dolgovechnosti i sovershenstvovanie konstruktsiy naruzhnykh kirpichnykh i kamennykh sten energoeffektivnykh zdaniy [Increasing Durability and Improving the Structures of Outer Brick and Stone Walls of Energy Efficient Buildings]. Seysmicheskoe stroitel'stvo. Bezopasnost' sooruzheniy [Seismic Construction. Safety of Buildings]. 2008, no. 6, pp. 42—44. (in Russian)
  18. Malakhova A.N., Balakshin A.S. Defekty naruzhnykh kirpichnykh sten zdaniy, dostraivaemykh posle dlitel'nogo pereryva [Defects of Brick Exterior Walls, Completed after a Long Break]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 8, pp. 140—145. (in Russian)
  19. Krygina A.M., Mal'tsov P.V., Kartamyshev N.V., Il'inov A.G. O dolgovechnosti kamennoy kladki [On the Durability of Brickwork]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 3, pp. 185—188. (in Russian)
  20. Rekomendatsii po opredeleniyu tekhnicheskogo sostoyaniya ograzhdayushchikh konstruktsiy pri rekonstruktsii promyshlennykh zdaniy [Recommendations on the Technical Condition of Enclosing Constructions during Reconstruction of Industrial Buildings]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1988, pp. 33—83. (in Russian)
  21. Rekomendatsii po usileniyu kamennykh konstruktsiy zdaniy i sooruzheniy [Recommendations for Strengthening of Masonry Structures and Buildings]. Moscow, TsNIISK im. V.A. Kucherenko Publ., 1984, pp. 7—8. (in Russian)
  22. Gorodetskiy A.S., Evzerov I.D. Komp'yuternye modeli konstruktsi [Computer Models of Structures]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2009, 360 p. (in Russian)

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