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DESIGNING AND DETAILING OF BUILDING SYSTEMS. MECHANICS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

Prevention of brittle fracture of steel structures by controlling the local stress and strain fields

Vestnik MGSU 2/2015
  • Moyseychik Evgeniy Alekseevich - Novosibirsk State Universityof Architecture and Civil Engineering (NSUACE (Sibstrin)) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Doctoral Student, Department of Metal and Wooden Structures, Novosibirsk State Universityof Architecture and Civil Engineering (NSUACE (Sibstrin)), 113 Leningradskaya str., Novosibirsk, 630008, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 45-59

In the article the author offers a classification of the methods to increase the cold resistance of steel structural shapes with a focus on the regulation of local fields of internal stresses and strains to prevent brittle fracture of steel structures. The need of a computer thermography is highlighted not only for visualization of temperature fields on the surface, but also to control the fields of residual stresses and strains in a controlled element.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2015.2.45-59

References
  1. SP 16.13330.2011. Stal’nye konstruktsii. Aktualizirovannaya redaktsiya SNiP II-23—81* [Requirements SP 16.13330.2011. Steel Structures. The Updated Edition of SNiP II-23—81*]. Moscow, OAO «TsPP» Publ., 2011, 171 p. (In Russian)
  2. SP 70.13330.2012. Nesushchie i ograzhdayushchie konstruktsii. Aktualizirovannaya redaktsiya SNiP 3.03.01—87 [Requirements SP 70.13330.2012. Carrying and Protecting Structures. The Updated Edition of SNiP 3.03.01—87]. Moscow, MRR RF Publ., 2012, 280 p. (In Russian)
  3. Eurocode 3: Design of Steel Structures — Part 1—10: Material Toughness and Through-Thickness Properties. EN 1993-1-10: 2005/AC. 2005. 16 p.
  4. Biryulev V.V., Koshin I.I., Krylov I.I., Sil’vestrov A.V. Proektirovanie me-tallicheskikh konstruktsiy [Design of steel structures]. Leningrad, Stroyizdat Publ., 1990, 430 p. (In Russian)
  5. Saal H., Steidl G., Volz M. Sprödbruchsicherheit im Stahlbau. Stahlbau. Sept. 2001, vol. 70, no. 9, pp. 685—697. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/stab.200102320.
  6. Mel’nikov N.P., Vinkler O.N., Makhu-tov N.A. Usloviya i prichiny khrupkikh razrusheniy stroitel’nykh stal’nykh konstruktsiy [Conditions and Causes of Brittle Fractures of Building Steel Structures]. Materialy po metallicheskim konstruktsiyam [Proceedings of Metal Structures]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1972, no. 16, pp. 14—27. (In Russian)
  7. Larionov V.P., Kuz’min V.R., Sleptsov O.I. Khladostoykost’ materialov i elementov konstruktsiy: rezul’taty i perspektivy [Cold Resistance of Materials and Structures: Results and Prospects]. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 2005, 290 p. (In Russian)
  8. Makhutov N.A., Lyglaev A.V., Bol’sha-kov A.M. Khladostoykost’ (metod inzhenernoy otsenki) [Cold Resistance (Method of Engineering Evaluation)]. SO RAN Publ., 2011, 192 p. (In Russian)
  9. Eremeev P.G. Predotvrashchenie lavinoobraznogo (progressiruyushchego) obrusheniya nesushchikh konstruktsiy unikal’nykh bol’sheproletnykh sooruzheniy pri avariynykh vozdeystviyakh [Prevention of Avalanche (Progressive) Collapse of Bearing Structures of Unique Span Structures under Emergency Influences]. Stroitel’naya mekhanika i raschet sooruzheniy [Construction Mechanics and Calculation of Structures]. 2006, no. 2, pp. 65—72. (In Russian)
  10. Lepikhin A.M., Moskvichev V.V., Doronin S.V. Nadezhnost’, zhivuchest’ i bezopasnost’ slozhnykh tekhnicheskikh sistem [Reliability, Survivability and Safety of Complex Technical Systems]. Vychislitel’nye tekhnologii [Computational Technologies]. 2009, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 58—70. (In Russian)
  11. Okerblom N.O. Konstruktivno-tekhnologicheskoe proektirovanie svarnykh konstruktsiy [Constructive and Technological Design of Welded Structures]. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 1964, 420 p. (In Russian)
  12. Sagalevich V.M. Metody ustraneniya svarochnykh deformatsiy i napryazheniy [Residual stresses and methods of regulation]. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 1974, 248 p. (In Russian)
  13. Podzey A.V., Sulima A.M., Evstigneev M.I., Serebrennikov G.Z. Tekhnologicheskie ostatochnye napryazheniya [Technological Residual Stresses]. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 1973, 216 p. (In Russian)
  14. Kozlov S.V. Upravlenie ostatochnymi napryazheniyami v stal'nykh konstruktsiyakh s ispol'zovaniem plazmennoy svarki [Control of Residual Stresses in Steel Structures Using Plasma Welding]. Зbirnik naukovikh prats' Ukraїns'kogo naukovo-doslidnogo ta proektnogo institutu stalevikh konstruktsiy imeni V.M. Shimanovs'kogo [Collection of Scientific Works of the Ukrainian Scientific-Research and Design Institute of Steel Construction named after V.N Shimanovsky]. Kiev, Stal' Publ., 2008, vol. 2, pp. 13—17. (In Russian)
  15. Abovskiy N.P., Endzhievskiy L.V., Savchenkov V.I., Deruga A.P., Gitts N.M. Regulirovanie. Sintez. Optimizatsiya. Izbrannye zadachi po stroitel’noy mekhanike i teorii uprugosti [Regulation. Synthesis. Optimization. Selected Problems of Structural Mechanics and Theory of Elasticity]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1978, 189 p. (In Russian)
  16. Hall U.J., Kichara H., Zut V., Wells A.A. Khrupkie razrusheniya svarnykh konstruktsiy [Brittle Fracture of Welded Structures]. Russian translation. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 1974, 320 p. (In Russian)
  17. Kopel’man L.A. Vliyanie ostatochnykh napryazheniy na sklonnost’ svarnykh elementov k khrupkim razrusheniyam [Influence of Residual Stresses on the Tendency of Welded Elements to Brittle Fracture]. Svarochnoe proizvodstvo [Welding Production]. 1963, no. 4, pp. 9—18. (In Russian)
  18. Kudryavtsev P.I. Ostatochnye svarochnye napryazheniya i prochnost’ soedineniy [Residual Welding Stresses and Strength of Joints]. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 1964, 96 p. (In Russian)
  19. Trochun I.P. Vnutrennie usiliya i deformatsii pri svarke [Internal Forces And Deformations At Welding]. Moscow, Mashgiz Publ., 1964, 248 p. (In Russian)
  20. Vasylev V.N., Dozorenko Yu.I. Izgotovlenie konstruktsii perforirovannykh balok s garantirovannoy epyuroy vnutrennikh napryazheniy v usloviyakh zavodov metallokonstruktsiy [Design of Perforated Beams with Guaranteed Diagrams of Internal Stresses in Metal Plants]. Metallicheskie konstruktsii [Metal Structures]. 2013, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 49—58. (In Russian)
  21. Golodnov A.I. Regulirovanie ostatochnykh napryazheniy v svarnykh dvutavrovykh kolonnakh i balkakh [Regulation of Residual Stresses in Welded I-beam Columns and Beams]. Kiev, Stal’ Publ., 2008, 150 p. (In Russian)
  22. Alpsten G.A., Tall D.L. Residual Stresses in Heavy Welded Shapes. Geometry of Plates and Shapes is an Important Variable Affecting Residual Stress Magnitude and Distribution, and Initial Residual Stresses Due to Rolling Can be a Higher Magnitude Than Those Due to Welding. Welding Research Supplement. March, 1970, pp. 93—105.
  23. Siddique M., Abid M., Junejo H.F., Mufti R.A. 3-D Finite Element Simulation of Welding Residual Stresses in Pipe-Flange Joints: Effect of Welding Parameters. Materials Science Forum. 2005, vol. 490—491, pp. 79—84. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.490-491.79.
  24. Wilson W.M., Chao Chien Hao. Residual Stresses in Welded Structures. University of Illinois Bulletin. February 2. 1946, vol. 43, no. 40, 80 p.
  25. DeLong D.T., Bowman M.D. Fatigue Strength of Steel Bridge Members with Intersecting Welds. Final Report FHWA/IN/JTRP-2009/19. Design 7/10 JTRP-2009/19 INDOT Division of Research West Lafayette, IN 47906 // Indianapolis, July 2010, 204 p.
  26. Rykovskiy B.P., Smirnov V.A., Shcheti-nin G.M. Mestnoe uprochnenie detaley poverkhnostnym naklepom [Local Hardening Of Details By Surface Hardening]. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 1985, 152 p. (In Russian)
  27. Vinokurov V.A. Otpusk svarnykh konstruktsii dlya snizheniya napryazheniy [Draw of Welded Structures to Reduce Stresses]. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 1973, 215 p. (In Russian)
  28. Alyavdin P.V. Predel’nyy analiz konstruktsiy pri povtornykh nagruzheniyakh [Limit Analysis of Structures under Repeated Loading]. Minsk, UP «Tekhnoprint» Publ., 2005, 284 p. (In Russian)
  29. Ivanov A.M., Lukin E.S., Larionov V.N. K issledovaniyu kinetiki uprugoplasticheskogo deformirovaniya i razrusheniya elementov konstruktsiy s kontsentratorami napryazheniy po teplovomu izlucheniyu [On the Kinetics Study of Elastic-Plastic Deformation and Fracture of Structural Elements with Stress Concentrators on Thermal Radiation]. Doklady Akademii nauk [Reports of the Russian Academy of Sciences]. 2004, vol. 395, no. 5, pp. 609—613. (In Russian)
  30. Yakushev A.I., Mustaev R.Kh., Mavlyu-tov R.R. Povyshenie prochnosti i nadezhnosti rez’bovykh soedineniy [Increasing the Strength and Reliability of Threaded Connections]. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 1979, 215 p. (In Russian)
  31. Ivanov A.M., Lukin E.S. Kombinirovanie metodov obrabotki — effektivnyy sposob upravleniya udarnoy vyazkost’yu staley [Combining the Treatment Methods — An Effective Way to Control the Toughness of Steel]. Izvestiya Samarskogo nauchnogo tsentra RAN [Proceedings of the Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences]. 2012, vol. 14, no. 4 (5), pp. 1239—1242. (In Russian)

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IDENTIFICATION OF MUTUAL INFLUENCE OF BENDING AND TORSIONAL STRAINS OF THE REINFORCED CONCRETE SPACE GRID FLOOR AS PART OF THE MONITORING OF ITS ERECTION

Vestnik MGSU 7/2012
  • Plotnikov Alexey Nikolaevich - Chuvash State University named after I.N. Ulyanov (ChuvSU) Associate Professor of Building Structures, +7 (8352) 62 45 96, Chuvash State University named after I.N. Ulyanov (ChuvSU), 15 Moskovskiy Prospekt, Cheboksary, 428015, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 82 - 89

The author presents the results of measurements of total deformations of the space-grid floor in relation to the torsional strain of beams and the rigidity of beams in bending and torsion while monitoring the erection of the floor of a building.
Any space grid system is utterly sensitive to changes in relations between the rigidity of elements. No experimental data covering space grid floors or any method of analysis of their stress-strain state are available.
The author performed the assessment of interrelations between the rigidity of some beams in the two directions by means of a full-scale loading test (monitoring) of the monolithic space grid floor, beam size 8.0 × 9.2 m. The purpose of the assessment was to confirm the bearing capacity and the design patterns based on deflections and stresses of elements to select the operational reinforcement value. Monolithic concrete was used to perform the load test.
As a result, the width of concrete ribs was found uneven. In the design of reinforced concrete space rib floors it is advisable to develop detailed models of structures through the employment of the finite element method due to the significant sensitivity of the system to distribution and redistribution of stresses.
Large spans of monolithic space rib floors require the monitoring of the stress-strain state and computer simulations to adjust the design pattern on the basis of the monitoring results.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.7.82 - 89

References
  1. Cao M., Ren Q., Qiao P. Nondestructive Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Structures Based on Fractal Damage Characteristic Factor», Journal of Engineering Mechanics, vol. 132, no. 9, pp. 924—931.
  2. Plotnikov A.N. Raspredelenie i pereraspredelenie usiliy v opertykh po konturu zhelezobetonnykh setchato-rebristykh sostavnykh perekrytiyakh [Distribution and Redistribution of Forces in Reinforced Concrete Space Grid Layered Floors Supported on Four Sides]. Proceedings of the All-Russian Conference of Young Scientists «Building Structures — 2000». State University of Civil Engineering, 2000.
  3. Plotnikov A.N. Izmenenie napryazhenno-deformirovannogo sostoyaniya zhelezobetonnoy perekrestno-rebristoy sistemy v protsesse ee vklyucheniya v sostav sloistogo perekrytiya vysotoy 2,1 m [The Change of the Stress-strain State of the Reinforced Concrete Space Rib System in the Course of Its Incorporation into the Layered Floor, Height 2.1 m]. Industrial and Civil Engineering in the Modern World. Collections of research projects of the Institute of Construction and Architecture. Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, 2011.
  4. Plotnikov A.N. Modelirovanie metodom konechnykh elementov (MKE) zhelezobetona pri kruchenii s izgibom [Simulation of Reinforced Concrete in the event of Torsion with Bending by the Method of Finite Elements (FEM)]. International Journal for Computational Civil and Structural Engineering. Vol. 6, no. 1 and 2, 2010. Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, pp.177-178. Available at: URL:http://www.mgsu.ru/images/stories/ nash_universitet/ Vestnik/IJCCSE _v6_i12_2010.pdf/ Date of Access: 22.11.2011.
  5. Aivazov R.L., Plotnikov A.N. Modelirovanie napryazhennogo sostoyaniya perekrestnykh elementov s razlichnym sootnosheniem zhestkostey na izgib metodom konechnykh elementov [Simulation of the Stress State of Cross Elements with Different Ratios of Bending Rigidity by the Finite Element Method]. New in Architecture, and Reconstruction of Structures: Proceedings of the Sixth All-Russian Conference NASKR - 2005. Chuvash State University, Cheboksary, 2005.
  6. Plotnikov A.N., Ezhov A.V., Sabanov A.I. Obsledovanie zhelezobetonnykh perekrytiy, obrazovannykh perekrestnymi rebrami s tsel’yu otsenki ikh napryazhenno-deformirovannogo sostoyaniya [Examination of Reinforced Floors Formed by Cross Ribs in order to Assess Their Stress-Strain State]. Prevention of Accidents of Buildings and Structures — 2011. Moscow. 2011. Available at: http://pamag.ru/pressa/deformat-status/ Date of Access: 21/11/2011.
  7. Bailey C.G., Toh W.S., Chan B.M., Simplified and Advanced Analysis of Membrane Action of Concrete Slabs. ACI JOURNAL, vol. 105, no. 1, 2008, pp. 30—40.
  8. SP 52-101—2003. Betonnye i zhelezobetonnye konstruktsii bez predvaritel’nogo napryazheniya armatury [Building Rules 52-101—2003. Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Structures without Prestressing of Reinforcement]. Moscow, 2004.
  9. Tekhnicheskiy kodeks ustanovivsheysya praktiki [Technical Code of Practice]. EN 1992-1-1:2004 Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures — Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings. Ministry of Architecture and Construction of Belarus. Minsk, 2010.
  10. JSCE Guideline for Concrete no. 15. Standard Specifications for Concrete Structures — 2007. JSCE Concrete Committee. Design Publ., Japan, 2010.
  11. Aivazov R.L., Plotnikov A.N. Zhestkost’ zhelezobetonnykh perekrestnykh sistem na kruchenie i vliyanie ee izmeneniya na obshchee NDS [Rigidity of Reinforced Concrete Cross-Systems in Torsion and Its Effect on the Overall Change in the Stress-Strain State]. New in Architecture, and Reconstruction of Structures. Proceedings of the Sixth All-Russian Conference NASKR - 2007. Chuvash State University, Cheboksary, 2009.
  12. Plotnikov A.N., Ezhov A.V., Sabanov A.I. Pereraspredelenie usiliy v perekrestno-rebristom zhelezobetonnom perekrytii pri ekspluatatsii [Redistribution of Forces within Reinforced Concrete Space Rib Floors in the Course of Operation]. Industrial and Civil Engineering in the Modern World. Collections of research projects of the Institute of Construction and Architecture. Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, 2011.

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EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE STEEL AND CONCRETE STRUCTURES

Vestnik MGSU 12/2012
  • Zamaliev Farit Sakhapovich - Kazan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (KazGASU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Metal Constructions and Testing of Structures; +7 (843) 510-47-09., Kazan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (KazGASU), 1 Zelenaya St., Kazan, 420043, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 53 - 60

Composite steel and concrete slabs are often used in the reconstruction of architectural monuments to replace timber elements. Insufficient awareness of the nature of the stress-strain state of
steel-concrete slabs limits their use in the construction of residential housing. This article describes the composition, geometry, reinforcement, and anchors to enable the use of concrete slabs and steel beams. The article contains photographs that illustrate the load distribution model. Methods of testing of fiber strains of concrete slabs and steel profiles, deflections of beams, shear stresses in the layers of the "steel-to-concrete" contact area that may involve slab cracking are analyzed. Dynamics of fiber deformations of concrete slabs, steel beams, and layers of the "steel-to-concrete" contact areas, deflection development patterns, initial cracking and crack development to destruction are analyzed. The author also describes the fracture behavior of the floor model. Results of experimental studies of the three-dimensional overlapping of structural elements are compared to the test data of individual composite beams. Peculiarities of the stress-strain state of composite steel and concrete slabs, graphs of strains and stresses developing in sections of middle and external steel-and-concrete beams, deflection graphs depending on the loading intensity are provided. The findings of the experimental studies of the three-dimensional performance of composite steel-and-concrete slabs are provided, as well.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.12.53 - 60

References
  1. Streletskiy N.N. Stalezhelezobetonnye proletnye stroeniya mostov [Composite Steel-and-Concrete Superstructures of Bridges]. Moscow, Transport Publ., 1981, 360 p.
  2. Salmon Ch.G. Handbook of Composite Construction Engineering. Ch. 2. Composite Steel-Concrete Construction. New York, 1982, pp. 41—79.
  3. Mirsayapov I.T., Zamaliev F.S., Zamaliev E.F. Eksperimental’nye issledovaniya podatlivosti kontakta sloev stalezhelezobetonnykh konstruktsiy pri malotsiklovykh nagruzheniyakh [Experimental Research of Deformability of Contact between Layers of Steel-Concrete Structures Exposed to Low-cycle Loads]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 2, vol. 2, pp. 163—168.
  4. Zamaliev F.S., Shaymardanov R.I. Eksperimental’nye issledovaniya stalezhelezobetonnykh konstruktsii na krupnomasshtabnykh modelyakh [Experimental Research of Composite Steel-Concrete Structures Using Large-scale Models]. Izvestiya KazGASU [Proceedings of Kazan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering]. 2008, no. 2(10), pp. 47—52.
  5. Zamaliev F.S., Sagitov R.A., Khayrutdinov Sh.N. Ispytaniya fragmenta stalezhelezobetonnogo perekrytiya na staticheskie nagruzki [Testing of a Fragment of Steel-Concrete Floor to Identify Static Loading Parameters]. Izvestiya KazGASU [Proceedings of Kazan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering]. 2010, no. 1(13), pp. 102—105.
  6. Zamaliev F.S., Shaymardanov R.I. Eksperimental’nye issledovaniya stalezhelezobetonnykh balok na staticheskie nagruzheniya [Experimental Research of Static Loading of Steel-Concrete Beams]. Effektivnye stroitel’nye konstruktsii: teoriya i praktika: sb. statey mezhdunar. konf. [Collection of articles of international conference «Effective Construction Designs: Theory and Practice»]. Penza, 2002, pp. 64—69.

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STRENGTHENING AND ANALYSIS OF STEEL STRU CT URES MADE OF THIN-WALLED COLD-BENT PROFILES WITH ACCOUNT FOR THE YIELD OF JOINT CONNECTIONS

Vestnik MGSU 11/2012
  • Kunin Yuriy Saulovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor, Chair, Department of Testing of Structures; +7 (495) 287-49-14, ext. 1331, 1150., Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Kolesov Aleksandr Ivanovich - Nizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (NNGASU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor, Chair, Department of Metal Structures, +7 (831) 430-54-88, Nizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (NNGASU), 65, Ilinskaya St., Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation.
  • Yambaev Ivan Anatolevich - Nizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (NNGASU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Metal Structures, +7 (831) 430-54-88, Nizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (NNGASU), 65, Ilinskaya St., Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Morozov Dmitriy Aleksandrovich - Nizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (NNGASU) postgraduate student, Department of Metal Structures, +7 (831) 430-54-88, Nizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (NNGASU), 65, Ilinskaya St., Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 74 - 81

A light steel thin-walled structure is very effective. The durability and strength of structures,
investment efficiency, high construction intensity, excellent technical and operational characteristics,
backed by extensive architectural solutions make the employment of the technology of light
steel thin-walled structures particularly efficient in low-rise commercial construction. Light steel thinwalled
structures represent a relatively new area, therefore, the regulatory base required for a reliable
analysis of these st ructures is unavailable, and this fact limits their use in construction. Russia
has no special norms regulating the above parameters. The underdeveloped regulatory framework
in Russia gives rise to the problem of market saturation with cheap low-quality fasteners.
The purpose of testing is to determine the mechanical properties of steel . The tests were applied
to five separate self-tapping screw connections. The purpose of testing was also to determine
the bearing capacity and the stress-strain state of connections.
Numerical calculations using the finite element method required a steel diagram. MGSU specialists
mad e tensile test specimen to determine the physical and mechanical properties of coldformed
thin-walled steel profiles at the "Sector for Testing of Building Structures". Identification of
pliability of connections was required to employ the dependence obtained using numerical calculations
of structures. As a result of the work performed at MGSU, a diagram of thin-walled cold-formed
steel profiles was generated.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.11.74 - 81

References
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