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SAFETY OF BUILDING SYSTEMS. ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS. GEOECOLOGY

Construction of water intake facilities from partially drying up watercourses

Vestnik MGSU 2/2015
  • Orlov Evgeniy Vladimirovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Scienc- es, Associate Professor, Department of Water Supply, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Komarov Anatoliy Sergeevich - LLC “GLAKOMRU” Candidate of Technical Sciences, Director General, LLC “GLAKOMRU”, B. Koptevskiy proezd, Moscow, 8105039, Russian Federation; +7 (499) 183-54-56; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Mel’nikov Fedor Alekseevich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) student, Institute of Engineering and Ecological Construction and Mechanization, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; +7 (499)183-36-29; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Serov Aleksandr Evgen’evich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) student, Institute of Engineering and Ecological Construction and Mechanization, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; +7 (499)183-36-29; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 93-100

Partially ephemeral streams are complex objects that can still be used for water supply or irrigation of agricultural land. The problem of such streams is poorly studied, because the influence of various environmental factors complicates carrying out any experiments. Also it is not possible to make their full classification due to their very strong variability not only on a particular geographical belt, but also within separate areas of the river. All this undoubtedly complicates the task of the designers when designing the system. Creation of laboratory models, allowing us to evaluate the possibilities of a spring use for the purpose of water supply, is very promising. These watercourses have a large amount of suspended sediments, so it is not possible to use the standard scheme of water using of the coastal and fluvial water intake structures. It is proposed to organize the fight with the sediments in the flow chart of primary clarifiers, which will perform the function of settling suspensions, to facilitate the work of water treatment facilities. Also the creation of artificial prop is useful in order to achieve the required level of water in a watercourse for water organization. If under the bottom of the river there is underground water, and the permeability of the soil is good, it is possible to arrange the withdrawal of water through infiltration intakes, by setting the filter under the bottom of the watercourse with its connection to filter, from which the water will climb to submersible pumps. Additional filtration through the soil of the river bottom allows not using the scheme sumps, which significantly reduces the cost of epy incoming water treatment.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2015.2.93-100

References
  1. Markova I.M. Razrabotka strukturnoy skhemy ekologicheskogo monitoringa vodnykh ob”ektov na osnove modul’nogo printsipa [Development of a Structural Scheme of Environmental Monitoring of Water Bodies Based on the Modular Principle]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2010, no. 4, vol. 2, pp. 100—107. (In Russian)
  2. Borovkov V.S., Markova I.M. Vnutriruslovye geoekologicheskie protsessy v vodotokakh na urbanizirovannykh territoriyakh [Under Channel Geo-ecological Processes in Streams in Urban Areas]. Ekologiya urbanizirovannykh territoriy [Ecology of Urbanized Territories]. 2006, no. 1, pp. 12—16. (In Russian)
  3. Alshalalfah B., Shalaby A., Dale S. Experiences with Aerial Ropeway Transportation Systems in the Urban Environment. Journal of Urban Planning and Development. March 2014, vol. 140, no. 1. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000158.
  4. Otstavnov A.A., Khar’kin V.A., Orlov V.A. K tekhniko-ekonomicheskomu obosnovaniyu bestransheynogo vosstanovleniya vetkhikh samotechnykh truboprovodov [To Technoeconomic Study of Trenchless Repair of the Old Gravity Pipelines]. Santekhnika [Sanitary Engineering]. 2004, no. 4, pp. 30—34. (In Russian)
  5. Isaev V.N. Sotsial’no-ekonomicheskie aspekty vodosnabzheniya i vodootvedeniya [Socio-economic Aspects of Water Supply and Sewerage]. Santekhnika [Sanitary Engineering]. 2007, no. 1, pp. 8—17. (In Russian)
  6. Orlov V.A. Puti obespecheniya sanitarnoy nadezhnosti vodoprovodnykh setey [Ways to Ensure the Sanitary Safety of Water Supply Networks]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2009, no.1, pp. 181—187. (In Russian)
  7. Vitreshko I.A. Opredelenie poverkhnosti razdela pered vodopriemnikom v vodoeme [Definition of the Boundary Surface before Intake Conduit in the Pond]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 8, pp. 346—348. (In Russian)
  8. Westra J.V., Easter K.W., Olson K.D. Targeting Nonpoint Source Pollution Control: Phosphorus in the Minnesota River Basin. Journal of the American Water Resources Association. Middleburg, Apr. 2002, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 493—505.
  9. Otstavnov A.A., Orlov V.A., Khar’kin V.A. K vyboru uchastkov beznapornykh truboprovodov dlya prioritetnogo bestransheynogo vosstanovleniya [Selection of the Areas of Pressure Pipelines for Priority Trenchless Repair]. Santekhnika [Sanitary Engineering]. 2004, no. 5, pp. 44—50. (In Russian)
  10. Min B., Logan B.E. Continuous Electricity Generation from Domestic Wastewater and Organic Substrates in a Flat Plate Microbial Fuel Cell. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2004, no. 38 (21), pp. 5809—5814. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0491026.
  11. Orlov V.A. Gidravlicheskie issledovaniya i raschet samotechnykh truboprovodov iz razlichnykh materialov [Hydraulic Studies and Calculation of Gravity Pipelines Made of Different Materials]. Vodosnabzhenie i sanitarnaya tekhnika [Water Supply and Sanitary Engineering]. 2008, no. 8, pp. 45—49. (In Russian)
  12. Kaczor G., Bugajski P. Impact of Snowmelt Inflow on Temperature of Sewage Discharged to Treatment Plants. Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2012, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 381—386.
  13. Suykova N.V., Markova I.M., Borovkov V.S. Konsolidatsiya vodonasyshchennykh melkodispersnykh vzvesey i ikh transportirovanie vodnymi potokami [Consolidation of Water-Saturated Fine Sediments and Their Transportation by Water Flows]. Vodosnabzhenie i sanitarnaya tekhnika [Water Supply and Sanitary Engineering]. 2007, no. 11, pp. 49—53. (In Russian)
  14. Khurgin R.E., Orlov V.A., Zotkin S.P., Maleeva A.V. Metodika i avtomatizirovannaya programma opredeleniya koeffitsienta Shezi «S» i otnositel’noy sherokhovatosti «n» dlya beznapornykh truboprovodov [Methodology and Automated Program for Determining the Coefficient of Chezy «C» and Relative Roughness «n» for Non-pressure Pipelines]. Nauchnoe obozrenie [Scientific Review]. 2011, no. 4, pp. 54—60. (In Russian)
  15. Pugachev E.A., Golubev D.O. Effektivnoe ispol’zovanie vody. Tekhnologicheskie protsessy v razlichnykh oblastyakh promyshlennosti [Efficient Use of Water. Technological Processes in Various Industries]. Tekhnologii mira [Technologies of the World]. 2013, no. 8, pp. 43—48. (In Russian)
  16. Kaczor G., Bergel T. The Effect of Incidental Waters on Pollution Load in Inflows to the Sewage Treatment Plants and to the Receivers of Sewage. Przemysł Chemiczny. 2008, vol. 87, pp. 476—478.
  17. Orlov V.A. Gidravlicheskie issledovaniya i raschet napornykh truboprovodov, vypolnennykh iz razlichnykh materialov [Hydraulic Studies and Calculation of Pressure Pipes Made of Different Materials]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2009, no. 1, pp. 177—180. (In Russian)
  18. Khodzinskaya A.G., Zommer T.V. Vysota podnyatiya chastits donnykh i vzveshennykh nanosov [Particles of Bottom and Suspended Sediments: Height of Rise]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2014, no. 11, pp. 161—170. (In Russian)
  19. Abdel-Aty A.M., Ibrahim M.B.M., El-Did M.A., Radwan E.K. Radwan Influence of Chlorine on Algae as Precursors for Trihalomethane and Haloacetic Acid Production. World Applied Sciences Journal. 2009, no. 6 (9), pp. 1215–—1220.
  20. Orlov E.V., Mel’nikov F.A., Serov A.E., Yunchina M.N. Uluchshenie zabora vody. Stroitel’stvo vodopriemnykh kovshey na rekakh [Improvement of Water Intake. Construction of Water Intake Scoops on Rivers]. Tekhnika i tekhnologii mira [Equipment and Technologies of the World]. 2014, no. 9, pp. 41—45. (In Russian)
  21. Hong H.C., Mazumder A., Wong M.H., Liang Y. Yield of Trihalomethanes and Haloacetic Acids upon Chlorinating Algal Cells, and its Prediction via Algal Cellular Biochemical Composition. Water Research. 2008, no. 42 (20), pp. 4941—4948. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2008.09.019. Epub 2008 Oct 1.
  22. Tchobanoglous G., Leverenz H., Nellor M.H., Crook J. Direct Potable Reuse. A Path Forward. (Report). WateReuse Research Foundation, 2011, 114 p. Available at: http://aim.prepared-fp7.eu/viewer/doc.aspx?id=39/. Date of access: 15.12.2014.
  23. Orlov E.V. Rayony kraynego severa. Osobennosti zabora vody iz poverkhnostnykh istochnikov [The Regions of the far North. Features of Water Withdrawals from Surface Sources]. Tekhnologii mira [Technologies of the World]. 2013, no. 8, pp. 39—42. (In Russian)
  24. Brodach M.M. Zelenoe vodosnabzhenie i vodootvedenie [Green Water Supply and Water Disposal]. Santekhnika [Sanitary Engineering]. 2009, no. 4, pp. 6—9. (In Russian)
  25. Isaev V.N., Mkhitaryan M.G. Aktualizatsiya SNiP 2.04.01—85* [Updating of Sanitary Norms and Requirements SNiP 2.04.01—85*]. Truboprovody i ekologiya [Pipelines and Ecology]. 2009, no. 3, pp. 11—15. (In Russian)

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ASSESSMENT OF POLLUTION FOR NATURAL RESOURCES AND ELABORATION OF MEASURES FOR PROTECTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT IN THE NENETS AUTONOMOUS AREA

Vestnik MGSU 1/2017 Volume 12
  • Sosnovskaya Ol'ga Sergeevna - State University of Land Management (FGBOU VO GUZ) graduate student, Department of Land Management, State University of Land Management (FGBOU VO GUZ), 15 Kazakova st., Moscow, 105064, Russian Federation.
  • Orlov Evgeniy Vladimirovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Water Supply and Sanitation, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation.

Pages 77-82

The Nenets Autonomous area located inside the Arctic circle is the subject of the Russian Federation. The environmental situation in the Nenets Autonomous area is poor despite the remoteness from other densely populated regions of Russia. A large number of ecosystems are exposed to powerful anthropogenic impact. For example, petroleum products and waste water exert negative impact on rivers and basins thereof. Water bodies in the region have some natural features which also adversely affect on water intake for industrial and domestic needs. The article considers and analyzes different types of pollution for natural resources of the Nenets Autonomous area which cause a great environmental damage to the region. Method of ranking for parts of the water body is proposed which makes it possible to reveal among them the most problematic from the environmental point of view. Options for improving the preliminary treatment of water at the water intakes are proposed that significantly simplify the operation of water treatment facilities. Сonstruction of new sewage treatment facilities using the latest developments in terms of tertiary treatment of wastewater, upgrade of standards for wastewater treatment, as well as the organization of sanitary protection zones will be a significant step in improving the environmental situation.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2017.1.77-82

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PECULIARITIES OF CONSTRUCTION OF WATER INTAKE STRUCTURES IN THE COUNTRIES OF OCEANIA

Vestnik MGSU 5/2013
  • Orlov Evgeniy Vladimirovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Scienc- es, Associate Professor, Department of Water Supply, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 162-168

The problem of potable water supply is becoming increasingly relevant. This problem is particularly important in the countries of Oceania, where neither surface, nor subterranean water is unavailable due to the harsh terrain and climate. Therefore, construction of marine water intake structures is the only solution. Peculiarities of construction of water intake facilities and their operation in the environment of the Pacific Ocean are considered by the author. The author provides his layout solutions of water intake structures. The author has given up the idea of a water intake facility capable of taking water from the channels because the sand brought by the waves from the bottom may inflow into the water inlet structure. Besides, channels drain in the low tide period; therefore, water intake facilities remain idle.Also, high aggressiveness of the sea water constitutes another problem. The sea water may damage any water intake structure, as some of their elements are made of reinforced concrete, while others are made of steel. Steel corrosion resistance may be improved by alloying additives (chromium, Nickel, copper, etc.), or, alternatively, by a zinc and aluminum coating which must be 120—250 microns thick.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.5.162-168

References
  1. Adamchik M.V. Vse strany mira [All Countries of the World]. Minsk, Kharvest Publ., 2009, 800 p.
  2. Porshnev V.N., Novikova L.V. Meropriyatiya po energosberezheniyu i snizheniyu poter’ vody v sistemakh gorodskogo vodosnabzheniya [Actions Aimed at Energy Saving and Water Loss Reduction within Urban Water Supply Networks]. Energosberezhenie [Energy Saving]. 2005, no. 10, pp. 78—84.
  3. Pugachev E.A., Isaev V.N. Effektivnoe ispol’zovanie vody [Efficient Water Use]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2012, 432 p.
  4. Peter Varbanets M., Zurbr?gg C., Swartz C., Pronk W. Decentralized Systems for Potable Water and the Potential of Membrane Technology. Water Research. 2009, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 245—265.
  5. Pervov A.G., Andrianov A.P., Efremov R.V. A New Solution for Caspian Sea Desalination: Low Pressure Membranes. European Conference on Desalination and the Environment “Fresh Water for All”. Malta, 4-8 May 2003. Desalination. 2003, vol. 157, pp. 377—384.
  6. Vitreshko I.A. Opredelenie poverkhnosti razdela pered vodopriemnikom v vodoeme [Identification of the Boundary Surface Upstream of the Water Inlet Unit inside a Water Body]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 8, pp. 346—348.
  7. Somov M.A., Zhurba M.G. Vodosnabzhenie. T. 1. Sistemy zabora, podachi i raspredeleniya vody [Water Supply. Vol. 1. Systems of Water Intake, Delivery and Distribution]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2010, 262 p.
  8. Isaev V.N. Sotsial’no-ekonomicheskie aspekty vodosnabzheniya i vodootvedeniya [Social and Economic Aspects of Water Supply and Wastewater Removal]. Santekhnika [Sanitary Engineering]. 2007, no. 1, pp. 8—17.
  9. Brodach M.M. Zelenoe vodosnabzhenie i vodootvedenie [Green Water Supply and Wastewater Disposal]. Santekhnika [Sanitary Engineering]. 2009, no. 4, pp. 6—10.
  10. Vitreshko I.A. Vodozabornye sooruzheniya [Water Intake Structures]. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2009, 80 p.

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COMPUTER MODELING OF HYDRODYNAMIC PARAMETERS AT BOUNDARIES OF WATER INTAKE AREA WITH FILTERING INTAKE

Vestnik MGSU 12/2012
  • Boronina Lyudmila Vladimirovna - Astrakhan Institute of Civil Engineering (AISI) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Vice-rector for Research, Astrakhan Institute of Civil Engineering (AISI), 18 Tatishcheva St., Astrakhan, 414056, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Sadchikov Pavel Nikolaevich - Astrakhan Institute of Civil Engineering (AISI) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Higher Mathematics and Information Technologies, Astrakhan Institute of Civil Engineering (AISI), 18 Tatishcheva St., Astrakhan, 414056, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 236 - 242

Improvement of water intake technologies are of great importance. These technologies are required to provide high quality water intake and treatment; they must be sufficiently simple and reliable, and they must be easily adjustable to particular local conditions. A mathematical model of a water supply area near the filtering water intake is proposed. On its basis, a software package designated for the calculation of parameters of the supply area along with its graphical representation is developed.
To improve the efficiency of water treatment plants, the authors propose a new method of their integration into the landscape by taking account of velocity distributions in the water supply area within the water reservoir where the plant installation is planned.
In the proposed relationship, the filtration rate and the scattering rate at the outlet of the supply area are taken into account, and they assure more precise projections of the inlet velocity.
In the present study, assessment of accuracy of the mathematical model involving the scattering of a turbulent flow has been done. The assessment procedure is based on verification of the mean values equality hypothesis and on comparison with the experimental data. The results and conclusions obtained by means of the method developed by the authors have been verified through comparison of deviations of specific values calculated through the employment of similar algorithms in MathCAD, Maple and PLUMBING.
The method of the water supply area analysis, with the turbulent scattering area having been taken into account, and the software package enable to numerically estimate the efficiency of the pre-purification process by tailoring a number of parameters of the filtering component of the water intake to the river hydrodynamic properties. Therefore, the method and the software package provide a new tool for better design, installation and operation of water treatment plants with respect to filtration and fish protection purposes.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.12.236 - 242

References
  1. Boronina L.V. Ekologicheskaya otsenka istochnikov kommunal’nogo i promyshlennogo vodosnabzheniya Astrakhanskoy oblasti [Environmental Assessment of Sources of Municipal and Industrial Water Supply of the Astrakhan region]. Vodoochistka [Water Treatment]. Astrakhan, 2011, no. 9 (11), pp. 63—69.
  2. Vdovin Yu. I. Teoriya i praktika fil’truyushchego vodopriema dlya sistem vodosnabzheniya [Theory and Practice of Filtering Water Intake for Water Supply Networks]. Moscow, VINITI Publ., 1998, 175 p.
  3. Boronina L.V., Abuova G.B. O metodike rascheta oblasti pitaniya vodopriema iz poverkhnostnykh istochnikov [On the Methodology of Analysis of the Water Intake Area Fed by the Surface Sources]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering]. 2007, no. 9, pp. 7—18.
  4. Boronina L.V. Fil’truyushchiy vodopriem kak sposob rybozashchity na vodozabornykh sooruzheniyakh kommunal’nogo i promyshlennogo vodosnabzheniya [Filtering Water Intake as a Method of Fish Protection at Water Intakes of Municipal and Industrial Water Supply Networks]. Penza, 2000, 217 p.
  5. Obrazovskiy A.S. Materialy koordinatsionnogo soveshchaniya po voprosam issledovaniy, proektirovaniya, stroitel’stva i ekspluatatsii vodozaborov iz rek, vodokhranilishch i morey [Proceedings of the Coordination Meeting on Research, Design, Construction and Operation of Water Intakes from Rivers, Reservoirs and Seas]. Moscow, VNII VODGEO Publ., 1967, 47 p.
  6. Komarov I.K., editor. Vozrozhdenie Volgi — shag k spaseniyu Rossii [Revival of Volga as a Step to the Rescue of Russia]. Moscow — Nizhniy Novgorod, Ekologiya Publ., Book 1, 1996, 464 p.; Book 2, 1997, 511 p.
  7. Zhurba M.G., Vdovin Yu.I., Govorova Zh.M., Lushkin I.A. Vodozaborno-ochistnye sooruzheniya i ustroystva [Water Intake and Treatment Structures and Facilities]. Moscow, Astrel’ — AST Publ., 2003, 572 p.

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