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ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT. RESTRUCTURING AND RESTORATION

Megalopolis as the mirrorof the soul

Vestnik MGSU 3/2013
  • Frolov Aleksandr Viktorovich - Moscow State University (MSU) Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, Senior Lecturer; +7 (495) 939-14-21, Moscow State University (MSU), 27-4 Lomonosovskiy prospekt, Room G-324, GSP-1, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Sukhodol’skaya Natal’ya Pavlovna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, Department Manager (Engineer), Department of Philosophy; +7 (499) 183-24-10, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 34-40

The article focuses on some civilization-related factors determining the life of a contemporary megalopolis and influencing the structure of the human soul. The system of global capitalism appears to be the most important factor producing a strong impact onto the urban population. The present-day megalopolis operates as an economic centre having pragmatic rhythms and spaces. «Homo economicus» is a relevant definition of the present-day man.This state of affairs reflects the structure of the human soul and its needs. It is overcrowded with sensual stimuli and temptations producing misbalance and stress. Two phenomenological distinctions are employed to analyze the experience of urban residents: noise vs. silence and motion vs. quietness. Noise and motion constitute the background of the human experience here; silence and quietness are local and volatile. On the contrary, outside of the city, silence is the background of the experience, and any motion vanishes in the realm of quietness. Nature is calm, and we need its calmness to give some rest to our senses. The effect of permanent haste typical for the lifestyle in big cities makes people unconscious of themselves. They lose their lifetime to implement their basic functions like eating/working/sleeping. Any higher incomes and comfort don’t make people happier; therefore, they have to look for alternative lifestyles (e.g. “downshifting”). Some people are not eager to be part of the global economy, but they have no opportunity to get out of the urban space. They need some remedy to resist the urban attack. That remedy could be a kind of a psychological technique reducing the effect of aggression. In this respect, the practice of hesychia deriving from the Christian ascetical tradition seems to be useful for an urban resident allowing him/her to attain the state of inner silence. This technique may be employed as a way to survive in the urban haste.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.3.34-40

References
  1. Devis M. Planeta trushchob [Planet of Slums]. Logos [Logos]. 2008, no. 3(66), pp. 108—129.
  2. Gorodskoe naselenie: aglomeratsii [Urban Population: Agglomerations]. Available at: http://www.citypopulation.de/world/Agglomerations.html. Date of access: September 09, 2012.
  3. Frolov A.V., Sukhodol’skaya N.P. K fenomenologii gorodskogo prostranstva [On Phenomenology of the Urban Space]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2010, vol. 3, pp. 394—399.
  4. Mezentsev S.D. Sovremennoe gradostroitel’stvo: dolzhnoe i sushchee, idealy i real’nost’ [Urban Planning Today: What Is Due and What Is Available. Ideals and Reality]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2010, no. 4, vol. 3, pp. 389—393.
  5. Merleau-Ponty M. Fenomenologiya vospriyatiya [Phenomenology of Perception]. St.Petersburg, 1999.
  6. Soyya E. Kak pisat’ o gorode s tochki zreniya prostranstva [Writing about the City from the Viewpoint of Space]. Logos [Logos]. 2008, no. 3(66), pp. 130—140.
  7. Lavrinets E. Chtenie gorodskogo prostranstva: predvaritel’nye zametki [Reading the Urban Space: Preliminary Notes]. Topos. Filosofsko-kul’turologicheskiy zhurnal [Topos. Journal of Philosophy and Culture Studies]. 2004, no. 2(9), pp. 82—89.
  8. Sennet R. Kapitalizm v bol’shom gorode: globalizatsiya, gibkost’ i bezrazlichie [Capitalism in the Big City: Globalization, Flexibility and Indifference]. Logos [Logos]. 2008, no. 3(66), pp. 95—107.
  9. Bikbov A. Moskva/Parizh: prostranstvennye struktury i telesnye skhemy [Moscow/Paris: Spatial Structures and Corporal Patterns]. Logos [Logos]. 2002, no. 3(34), pp. 1—24.
  10. Khoruzhiy S.S. Fenomenologiya askezy [Phenomenology of Asceticism]. Moscow, 1998.

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RECONSTRUCTION OF MOSCOW AFTER THE 1812 FIRE OF MOSCOW: NEW LOOK OF THE CITY

Vestnik MGSU 6/2012
  • Molokova Tat'yana Alekseevna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE) Candidate of Historical Sciences, Senior Lecturer, Chair, Department of History and Culturology, +7 (499) 183-21-29, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 17 - 22

considered in the article. The author analyzes the influence of the 1812 Patriotic War on the political and cultural life of Russia, as there had been a rise of national consciousness in Russia in the first decades of the 19th century related to the victory over Napoleon. The author drives particular attention to the historic fact that Moscow suffered a lot more than other Russian cities in the War of 1812; the city was completely destroyed by the fire. The author provides statistical data related to the city as of the autumn of 1812. Moscow reconstruction plan proposed by Mr. Gestle, architect, and the procedure of "Commissioning of Structures", drafted under the guidance of O.I. Bove, architect, are analyzed in detail. The author also covers the personal contribution made by O.I. Bove, his associates D.I. Zhilyardi and A.G. Grigor'ev, into the reconstruction of the city centre.
The article features the town-planning policy of 1820-1830 and patterns of late classicism in the Moscow architecture.
The article is dedicated to the year of the Russian history and one of its major events, the anniversary of the victory in the Patriotic War of 1812.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.6.17 - 22

References
  1. Gol’denberg P.I. Staraya Moskva [Old Moscow]. Moscow, Publishing House of the USSR Academy of Architecture, 1947, p. 57.
  2. Pokrovskaya Z.K. Osip Bove [Osip Bove]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1999, p. 103.
  3. Almazova N.M., Molokova T.A., Frolov V.P., Pavlinov V.V. Pamyatniki arkhitektury. Inzhenernye obsledovaniya [Architectural Monuments. Engineering Examinations]. Moscow, ASV Publ., no. 1, 2003, p. 89.
  4. Sytin P.V. Iz istorii moskovskikh ulits [Abstracts from the History of Moscow Streets]. Moskovskiy Rabochiy Publ., 1958, p. 110.
  5. Budylina M.V. Planirovka i zastroyka Moskvy posle pozhara 1812 goda [Planning and Building of Moscow after the Fire of 1812]. Moscow, Arhitekturnoe Nasledstvo [Architectural Heritage]. Gosstroyizdat Publ., 1951, no. 1, p. 157.
  6. Ikonnikov A.V. Tysyacha let russkoy arkhitektury [One Thousand Years of Russian Architecture]. Moscow, Iskusstvo Publ., 1990, p. 311.

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