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DESIGNING AND DETAILING OF BUILDING SYSTEMS. MECHANICS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

Thermotechnical analysis of the structuresby using numerical methods

Vestnik MGSU 11/2013
  • Tusnina Olga Alexandrovna - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) postgraduate student, Department of Metal and Timber Structures, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 91-99

In the paper the features of a structural thermotechnical analysis with the use of numerical methods are considered. Characteristics of heat transfer processes can be obtained using experimental or theoretical analysis. A theoretical investigation works with mathematical model, not with real physical phenomenon. The mathematical model for heat transfer processes consists of a set of differential equations. If the methods of classical mathematics are used for solving these equations, many phenomena of practical interest will be predicted. That’s why in order to solve these problems it is advisable to apply numerical methods. In this paper an algorithm of numerical calculation of threedimensional temperature fields is considered.The numerical algorithm for solving the differential equation of steady three-dimensional thermal conductivity is represented. Discretization of this equation was performed by control-volume method. A solution of a set of discretized equations can be obtained by using a convenient combination of the direct method TDMA (Tri-diagonal matrix algorithm) for one-dimensional situation and the Gauss-Seidel method. The described approach allows us taking into consideration thermal inhomogeneity, such as thermal bridges, and the features of the geometry of the structure. The computing program TEPL was developed on the basis of the described algorithms. As a result of the calculation made by TEPL three-dimensional temperature field was obtained. On the basis of this field thermal resistance and temperature distribution in the structure were calculated.The examples of using the program for solving real practical problems are shown in the paper. Roofing consisted of sandwich panels supported by purlins with the use of screws in one case and rivets as fasteners in the other. The main difference between these two structures is that screws are installed through the insulation layer of a panel and violate its integrity, while rivets are connected to the lowest sheet of a panel and purlin flange and do not make any changes in insulation. The results of the numerical analysis in TEPL show that screws are thermal bridges and must be taken into account in the process of calculating thermal resistance of roofs.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.11.91-99

References
  1. Krivoshein A.D., Fedorov S.V. K voprosu o raschete privedennogo soprotivleniya teploperedache ograzhdayushchikh konstruktsiy [On the Question of Calculating Reduced Thermal Resistance of Building Envelopes]. Inzhenerno-stroitel'nyy zhurnal [Magazine of Civil Engineering]. 2010, no. 8, pp. 21—27.
  2. Tusnin A.R. Proektirovanie sten s okonnymi proemami [A Design of Walls with Window Openings]. Stroitel'stvo i nedvizhimost' [Construction and Real Estate]. 1997, no. 12, p. 7.
  3. Tusnin A.R., Tusnina V.M. Soprotivlenie teploperedache sten s okonnymi proemami [Thermal Resistance of Walls with Window Openings]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no.1, vol. 2, pp. 123—129.
  4. Gorshkov A.S. Energoeffektivnost' v stroitel'stve: voprosy normirovaniya i mery po snizheniyu energopotrebleniya zdaniy [Energy Efficiency in Construction: Issues of Regulation and Measures to Reduce the Energy Consumption of Buildings]. Inzhenerno-stroitel'nyy zhurnal [Magazine of Civil Engineering]. 2010, no. 1, pp. 9—13.
  5. Kraynov D.V., Safin I.Sh., Lyubimtsev A.S. Raschet dopolnitel'nykh teplopoter' cherez teploprovodnye vklyucheniya ograzhdayushchikh konstruktsiy (na primere uzla okonnogo otkosa) [Calculation of Additional Conductive Heat Loss through the Building Envelope Inclusions (on the Example of a Window Unit Slope)]. Inzhenerno-stroitel'nyy zhurnal [Magazine of Civil Engineering]. 2010, no. 6, pp. 17—22.
  6. Ben Larbi A. Statistical Modelling of Heat Transfer for Thermal Bridges of Buildings. Energy and Buildings. 2005, vol. 37, no. 9, pp. 945—951.
  7. Karabulut K., Buyruk E., Fertelli A. Numerical Investigation of Heat Transfer for Thermal Bridges Taking into Consideration Location of Thermal Insulation with Different Geometries. Strojarstvo. 2009, vol. 51, no. 5, pp. 431—439.
  8. Svoboda Z. The Analysis of the Convective-Conductive Heat Transfer in the Building Constructions. Proceedings of the 6th Int. IBPSA Conference Building Simulation, Kyoto. 1999, vol. 1, pp. 329—335.
  9. Ait-Taleb T., Abdelbaki A., Zrikem Z. Coupled Heat Transfers through Buildings Roofs Formed by Hollow Concrete Blocks. International Scientific Journal for Alternative Energy and Ecology. 2008, no. 6 (62), pp. 30—34.
  10. Gladkiy S.L., Yasnitskiy L.N. Reshenie trekhmernykh zadach teploprovodnosti metodom fiktivnykh kanonicheskikh oblastey [The Solution of Three-dimensional Heat Conduction Problems Using Fictitious Canonical Regions Method]. Vestnik Permskogo universiteta. Matematika. Mekhanika. Informatika [Proceedings of Perm Univercity. Mathematics. Mechanics. Computer Sciences]. 2011, vol. 1(5), pp. 41—45.
  11. Belostotskiy A.M., Shcherbina S.V. Sravnitel'nye raschetnye issledovaniya energoeffektivnosti sushchestvuyushchikh i vnov' razrabotannykh materialov i konstruktsiy na osnove konechnoelementnogo modelirovaniya dvumernogo i trekhmernykh zadach teploprovodnosti [Comparative Study of the Energy Efficiency of Available and Newly Developed Materials and Structures Based on the Finite-element Resolution of 2d and 3d Problems of Heat Conductivity]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2013, no. 3, pp. 212—219.
  12. Patankar S. Chislennye metody resheniya zadach teploobmena i dinamiki zhidkosti [Numerical Methods of Solving the Problems of Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow]. Moscow, Energoatomizdat Publ., 1984, 150 p.

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Solving the stability problem of compressed-bendablepinned rigid rods of variable rigidity

Vestnik MGSU 5/2015
  • Blyumin Semen L'vovich - Lipetsk State Technical University (LGTU) Doctor of Physical and Math- ematical Sciences, Professor, Department of Applied Mathematics, Lipetsk State Technical University (LGTU), 30 Moskovskaya str., Lipetsk, 398600, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Zverev Vitaliy Valentinovich - Lipetsk State Technical University (LGTU) Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, chair, De- partment of Metal Structures, Lipetsk State Technical University (LGTU), 30 Moskovskaya str., Lipetsk, 398600, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Sotnikova Irina Vladimirovna - Lipetsk State Technical University (LGTU) postgraduate student, Department of Metal Structures, Lipetsk State Technical University (LGTU), 30 Moskovskaya str., Lipetsk, 398600, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Sysoev Anton Sergeevich - Lipetsk State Technical University (LGTU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Assistant Lecturer, Department of Applied Mathematics, Lipetsk State Technical University (LGTU), 30 Moskovskaya str., Lipetsk, 398600, Russian Federation; +7 (4742) 32-80-51; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 18-27

The problem connected with the stability of compressed-bendable rigid rods of variable rigidity (with the reduced rigidity in the centre) is formulated and solved. The system of transcendent equations with roots for critical load for a rod is founded out.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2015.5.18-27

References
  1. Ayrumyan E.L., Kamenshchikov N.I., Liplenko M.A. Perspektivy LSTK v Rossii [Prospects of Steel Frames in Russia]. StroyPROFI [Construction Prof]. 2013, no. 10, pp. 12—17. (In Russian)
  2. Zverev V.V., Zhidkov K.E., Semenov A.S., Sotnikova I.V. Eksperimental'nye issledovaniya ramnykh konstruktsiy iz kholodnognutykh profiley povyshennoy zhestkosti [Experimental Studies of Frame Constructions Produced of Cold-Formed Profiles of Increased Rigidity]. Nauchnyy vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. Stroitel'stvo i arkhitektura [Bulletin of Voronezh State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. Construction and Architecture]. 2011, no. 4 (24), pp. 20—25. (In Russian)
  3. Ayrumyan E.L. Rekomendatsii po raschetu stal'nykh konstruktsiy iz tonkostennykh gnutykh profiley [Recommendations for Calculating Steel Constructions Produced of Thin-Walled Roll-Formed Profiles]. StroyPROFIl' [Construction Profile]. 2009, no. 8 (78), pp. 12—14. (In Russian)
  4. Ayrumyan E.L. Osobennosti rascheta stal'nykh konstruktsiy iz tonkostennykh gnutykh profiley [Features of Calculation for Steel Thin-Walled Roll-Formed Shapes]. Montazhnye i spetsial'nye raboty v stroitel'stve [Installation and Special Works in Construction]. 2008, no. 3, pp. 2—7. (In Russian)
  5. Luza G., Robra J. Design of Z-purlins: Part 1. Basics and Cross-Section Values Ac-сording to EN 1993-1-3. Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Steel and Composite Structures EUROSTEEL. Graz, Austria, 2008, vol. A, pp. 129—134.
  6. Luza G., Robra J. Design of Z-purlins: Part 2. Design Methods Given in Eurocode EN 1993-1-3. Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Steel and Composite Structures EUROSTEEL. Graz, Austria, 2008, vol. A, pp. 135—140.
  7. Smaznov D.N. Ustoychivost' pri szhatii sostavnykh kolonn, vypolnennykh iz profiley iz vysokoprochnoy stali [Stability in Compression of Composite Columns Made of High-Strength Steel Profiles]. Inzhenerno-stroitel'nyy zhurnal [Magazine of Civil Engineering]. 2009, no. 3, pp. 42—49. (In Russian)
  8. Yu W.-W., LaBoube R.A. Cold-Formed Steel Design. 4th Edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2010, 512 p.
  9. Timoshenko S.P., Grigolyuk E.I. Ustoychivost' sterzhney, plastin i obolochek [Stability of Rods, Plates and Shells]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1971, 807 p. (In Russian)
  10. Vol'mir A.S. Ustoychivost' uprugikh system [Stability of Elastic Systems]. Moscow, Fizmatlit Publ., 1972, 879 p. (In Russian)
  11. Galkin A.V., Sysoev A.S., Sotniko-va I.V. Zadacha ustoychivosti szhato-izgibaemykh sterzhney so stupenchatym izmeneniem zhestkosti [The Resistance Problem of Compressed-Bent Shanks with Step Inflexibility Change]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2015, no. 2, pp. 38—44. (In Russian)
  12. Gorbachev V.I., Moskalenko O.B. Ustoychivost' sterzhney s peremennoy zhestkost'yu pri szhatii raspredelennoy nagruzkoy [Stability of the Rods with Variable Inflexibility While Pressing with Distributed Load]. Vestnik Moskovskogo universitetata. Seriya 1, Matematika. Mekhanika [Bulletin of the Moscow State University. Series 1. Mathematics, Mechanics]. 2012, no. 1, pp. 41—47. (In Russian)
  13. Temis Yu.M., Fedorov I.M. Sravnenie metodov analiza ustoychivosti sterzhney peremennogo secheniya pri nekonservativnom nagruzhenii [Comparing the Analysis Methods of the Stability of Rods with Variable Cut Set at Nonconservative Loading]. Problemy prochnosti i plastichnosti [Problems of Strength and Plasticity]. 2006, no. 68, pp. 95—106. (In Russian)
  14. Gukova M.I., Simon N.Yu., Svyatoshenko A.E. Vychislenie raschetnykh dlin szhatykh sterzhney s uchetom ikh sovmestnoy raboty [Calculation of the Lengths of Compressed Rods with Account for their Joint Action]. Stroitel'naya mekhanika i raschet sooruzheniy [Construction Mechanics and Calculation of Structures]. 2012, no. 3, pp. 43—47. (In Russian)
  15. Soldatov A.Yu., Lebedev V.L., Semenov V.A. Analiz ustoychivosti stal'nykh sterzhnevykh sistem s uchetom nelineynoy diagrammy deformirovaniya materiala [Stability Analysis of Steel Rod Systems Taking into Account the Non-Linear Diagram of Material Deformation]. Stroitel'naya mekhanika i raschet sooruzheniy [Construction Mechanics and Calculation of Structures]. 2012, no. 2, pp. 48—52. (In Russian)
  16. Soldatov A.Yu., Lebedev V.L., Semenov V.A. Analiz ustoychivosti stroitel'nykh konstruktsiy s uchetom fizicheskoy nelineynosti metodom konechnykh elementov [Stability Analysis of Building Structures Taking into Account the Physical Non-Linearity Using Finite Element Method]. Stroitel'naya mekhanika i raschet sooruzheniy [Construction Mechanics and Calculation of Structures]. 2011, no. 6, pp. 60—65. (In Russian)
  17. Krutiy Yu.S. Zadacha Eylera v sluchae nepreryvnoy poperechnoy zhestkosti (prodolzhenie) [Euler Problem in Case of Constant Transverse Inflexibility (Continuation)]. Stroitel'naya mekhanika i raschet sooruzheniy [Construction Mechanics and Calculation of Structures]. 2011, no. 2, pp. 27—33. (In Russian)
  18. Slivker V.I. Ustoychivost' sterzhnya pod deystviem szhimayushchey sily s fiksirovannoy liniey deystviya [Stability of a Rod under the Influence of Comprehensive Load with Fixed Force Line]. Stroitel'naya mekhanika i raschet sooruzheniy [Construction Mechanics and Calculation of Structures]. 2011, no. 2, pp. 34—36. (In Russian)
  19. Nasonkin V.D. Predel'naya nagruzka dlya szhatykh sterzhney, deformiruemykh za predelom uprugosti [Ultimate Load for Compressed Rods Deformable outside the Limit of Elasticity]. Stroitel'naya mekhanika i raschet sooruzheniy [Construction Mechanics and Calculation of Structures]. 2007, no. 2, pp. 24—28. (In Russian)
  20. Potapov A.V. Ustoychivost' stal'nykh sterzhney otkrytogo profilya s uchetom real'noy raboty materiala [Stability of Steel Rods with Open Profile Taking into Account the Real Operation of the Material]. Izvestiya Kazanskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta [Bulletin of Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering]. 2009, no. 1 (11), pp. 112—115. (In Russian)

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Stiffeners in variational-difference method for calculating shells with complex geometry

Vestnik MGSU 5/2014
  • Ivanov Vyacheslav Nikolaevich - Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (PFUR) Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Strength of Materials and Constructions, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (PFUR), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya str., Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Kushnarenko Ivan Valer'evich - Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (PFUR) postgraduate student, Department of Strength of Materials and Constructions, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (PFUR), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya str., Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 25-34

We have already considered an introduction of reinforcements in the variational-difference method (VDM) of shells analysis with complex shape. At the moment only ribbed shells of revolution and shallow shells can be calculated with the help of developed analytical and finite-difference methods. Ribbed shells of arbitrary shape can be calculated only using the finite element method (FEM). However there are problems, when using FEM, which are absent in finite- and variational-difference methods: rigid body motion; conforming trial functions; parameterization of a surface; independent stress strain state. In this regard stiffeners are entered in VDM. VDM is based on the Lagrange principle - the principle of minimum total potential energy. Stress-strain state of ribs is described by the Kirchhoff-Clebsch theory of curvilinear bars: tension, bending and torsion of ribs are taken into account. Stress-strain state of shells is described by the Kirchhoff-Love theory of thin elastic shells. A position of points of the middle surface is defined by curvilinear orthogonal coordinates α, β. Curved ribs are situated along coordinate lines. Strain energy of ribs is added into the strain energy to account for ribs. A matrix form of strain energy of ribs is formed similar to a matrix form of the strain energy of the shell. A matrix of geometrical characteristics of a rib is formed from components of matrices of geometric characteristics of a shell. A matrix of mechanical characteristics of a rib contains rib’s eccentricity and geometrical characteristics of a rib’s section. Derivatives of displacements in the strain vector are replaced with finite-difference relations after the middle surface of a shell gets covered with a grid (grid lines coincide with the coordinate lines of principal curvatures). By this case the total potential energy functional becomes a function of strain nodal displacements. Partial derivatives of unknown nodal displacements are equated to zero in order to minimize the total potential energy. As an example a parabolic-sinusoidal shell with a stiffened hole is analyzed. It is shown that ribs have generally beneficial effect to the zone of the opening: cause a reduction in a modulus of a stress, but an eccentricity affects differently, so material properties and design solutions should be taken into account in an analysis.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.5.25-34

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Plastic deformation and fracture of masonry under biaxial stresses

Vestnik MGSU 2/2016
  • Kabantsev Oleg Vasil’evich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Reinforced Concrete and Masonry Structures, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 34-48

Masonry is a complex multicomponent composite composed of dissimilar materials (brick / stone and mortar). The process of masonry deformation under load depends on the mechanical characteristics of the basic composite materials, as well as of the parameters belonging to the elements, which define the link between brick and mortar being the structural elements. The paper provides an analysis of the experimental study results of masonry behaviour in two-dimensional stress state at primary stresses of opposite signs; identifies the mechanisms of masonry failure that are in compliance with the conditions of stress state. The work shows the key role that structural elements play in the formation of masonry failure processes. On the basis of failure mechanisms educed from the experiments, there was developed a discrete model of masonry. The processes and the corresponding strength criteria, which play a key role in the implementation of plastic deformation phase, have been detected. It has been shown that the plastic deformation of masonry under biaxial stresses occurs in case of the physical linear behavior of the basic materials (brick and mortar). It has been also substantiated that the plastic properties of masonry under biaxial stresses are determined by the processes occurring at the contact interaction nodes between brick and mortar in bed and cross joints. The values of the plasticity coefficients for masonry depending on the mechanical properties of a brick, a mortar and adhesive strength in their interaction have been obtained basing on the results of the performed numerical investigations.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2016.2.34-48

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