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Reliable and adequateengineering surveys for construction: the rule of two D

Vestnik MGSU 1/2014
  • Rakitina Natal'ya Nikolaevna - Mosgorgeotrest geologist, Geologic Supervi- sion Services, Mosgorgeotrest, 11 Leningradskiy Prospekt, Moscow, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Potapov Aleksandr Dmitrievich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head, Department of Engineering Geology and Geoecology, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 90-97

In the article the current state of quality supply of engineering surveys for construction is discussed. The main criteria for improving the design quality of buildings and structures for industrial, civil and other purposes is the reliability and adequacy of the results of engineering-geological surveys. The authors show the examples of inadequate study of engineering-geological conditions in the design of structures that led to emergency situations. Consideration of the reasons of accidents in structures showed that they are caused by lack of research conducted, the underestimation of the complexity of geological conditions. In the process of conducting geotechnical investigations the works were focused directly in the enclosure of a designed building, and the features of geological and hydrogeological conditions of the off-site were much more complex. In the process of construction during the sinking of the pit activation suffusion processes occurred, which led to an accident. Underestimation of the use of these geological funds in this example shows that even in the presence of fund materials, which are currently almost not increased, errors may occur due to the notorious savings for research. The requirements to ensuring the reliability and adequacy of engineering-geological surveys, which the authors call "The Rule of two D" (in Russian — Reliability and Adequacy), lie in the existing legal acts. The practice of fulfilling requirements to a large extend shows that the desire to save money at the stage of design and exploration works results in additional costs for additional design, recovery from accidents and works on a new project. The authors critically evaluated the development of engineering and geotechnical engineering instead of geological survey, which is not methodologically and theoretically substantiated and leads to the excluding from engineering surveys the consideration of the off-site geotechnical conditions directly below the designed structure. The authors give the recommendations for improving the examination quality of the results of surveys and recommendations on obligatory increase of geological funds.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.1.90-97

References
  1. Osipov V.I., Medvedev O.P., editors. Moskva. Geologiya i gorod [Moscow. Geology and the City]. Moscow, Moskovskie uchebniki i kartolitografiya Publ., 1997, 400 p.
  2. Platov N.A., Potapov A.D., Lavrova N.A., Potapov I.A., Kalashnikov M.A. Inzhenernogeologicheskie izyskaniya v slozhnykh usloviyakh [Geotechnical Investigations in Complicated Conditions]. Moscow, MGSU Publ, 2011, 130 p.
  3. Bryukhan' A.F., Bryukhan' F.F., Potapov A.D. Inzhenerno-ekologicheskie izyskaniya dlya stroitel'stva TES [Engineering and Ecological Studies for the Construction of Thermal Power Plants]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2008, 193 p.
  4. Potapov A.D. Geotekhnika, est' li povod dlya diskussii [Geotechnics, is There a Reason for Debate]. Inzhenernaya geologiya [Engineering Geology]. 2009, no. 11, pp. 15—19.
  5. Kashperyuk P.I., Potapov A.D. Predmet geotekhniki — osnovaniya sooruzheniy?! [Is the Base of Structures the Subject of Geotechnics?!]. Inzhenernaya geologiya [Engineering Geology]. 2010, no. 1, pp. 12—15.
  6. Kalashnikov M.A., Kashperyuk P.I., Potapov I.A., Khomenko V.P., Potapov A.D. K voprosu o neobkhodimosti modernizatsii normativnykh dokumentov po inzhenerno-geologicheskim izyskaniyam v rayonakh rasprostraneniya karstovykh i suffozionnykh protsessov [On the Question of the Need of Normative Documents Modernization on Engineering and Geological Surveys in the Areas of Karst and Suffusion Processes]. Inzhenernye izyskaniya [Engineering Surveys]. 2010, no. 10, pp. 8—10.
  7. Ziangirov R.S., Potapov A.D. Eshche raz o pravil'nom ponimanii terminov «geotekhnika» i «inzhenerno-geotekhnicheskie izyskaniya» [Once More on the Correct Definition of the Terms "Geotechnics" and "Engineering and Geotechnical Surveys]. Inzhenernye izyskaniya [Engineering Surveys]. 2012, no. 9, pp. 9—12.

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Quality of engineering surveysas a factor of natural-technogenic systems formation

Vestnik MGSU 1/2014
  • Kashperyuk Pavel Ivanovich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Geological and Mineralogical sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Engineering Geology and Geo- ecology, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .
  • Yulin Alexander Nikolaevich - Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Engineering Geology and Geoecology, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 83-89

Construction in urban areas is often related to reusing previously developed sites, which requires solving additional tasks both by builders and surveyors additional. The tasks are related to the evaluation of already changed natural (geological) environment of this area and its further investigation in connection with the proposed creation of a new natural-technogenic system (NTS). This article presents some examples of the influence of engineering survey quality on adopting extraordinary project solutions excluding the negative impact on NTS formation in the process of construction and operation of facilities in Moscow. In particular it is stated that the lack of control in the process of land works and transfer from the platform of water-bearing communications may ultimately lead to a different change in the strength and deformation properties of soil at the base of structures, and in some cases to geoecological disfuncion of the newly created NTS due to adverse geological processes development. The author draws attention to the complexity and responsibility of engineering geological surveys in the areas of developing powerful (>10 m) strata of bulk soils. The article considers some aspects of the influence of the temperature regime of soils in the foundation structures active zone on heat and moisture transfer in these soils, their condition and deformation properties in city area. A particular example of the construction of a high-rise building in Moscow has shown that the presence of heat-bearing communications within 3—10 m from the earth's surface may increase the annual average temperature of the strata up to 30 degrees and more, thus, dismantling such communications leads to different changes in the established temperature regime and conditions of clay soils. It is noted that the forecast of the change in basic physical and mechanical properties of the base soil in urban conditions is not possible without thermometric work during engineering-geological researches.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.1.83-89

References
  1. Vernadskiy V.I. Biosfera [Biosphere]. Moscow, Mysl' Publ., 1967, 412 p.
  2. Nesmeyanov S.A. Perspektivnye napravleniya inzhenernoy geotektoniki [Promising Directions of Engineering Geotectonics]. Moscow, Nauchnyy mir Publ., 2005, 304 p.
  3. Kashperyuk A.A., Kashperyuk P.I., Korshunova N.N. Osobennosti inzhenerno-geologicheskikh izyskaniy pri zastroyke gorodskikh kvartalov i krupnykh zagorodnykh territoriy [Geological Engineering Surveys before the Implementation of Construction Projects in Urban and Extensive Areas]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2013, no. 2, pp. 64—72.
  4. Potapov I.A., Kalashnikov M.A., Kashperyuk P.I., Khomenko V.P. Osobennosti inzhenernoy zashchity vozdeystviy glavnoy sobornoy mecheti v g. Moskve v oslozhnennoy geoekologicheskoy obstanovke [Features of Engineering Protection of the Influences of the Central Jameh Mosque in Moscow in the Complicated Geoecological Environment]. Materialy 12-y Mezhdunarodnoy mezhvuzovskoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii molodykh uchenykh, doktorantov i aspirantov «Stroitel'stvo — formirovanie sredy zhiznedeyatel'nosti» 15-22.04.2009 [Materials of the 12th International Interuniversity Scientific and Practical Conference of Young Scientists, Doctoral and Postgraduate Students “Construction — Formation of Living Environment. 15—22.04.2009]. 2009, pp. 190—195.

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