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Giyasov Botir Iminzhonovich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, chair, Department of Architectural and Construction Design, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; +7 (495) 287-49-14;
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.
Upon the completion of the analysis of thermal physic processes undergoing within the inter-building space and upon the identification of the mechanism of the convective motion undergoing in close proximity to the surfaces of buildings, substantial impact of solar radiation on thermal and wind conditions within inter-building spaces is identified. The impact intensity is driven by the exposure of surfaces to the sun and the intensity of heat transformation processes. Intensive influence of solar radiation produced on surfaces of buildings promotes convective streams that shape up the thermal and wind conditions within inter-building spaces.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2012.3.12 - 15
References
- Giyasov A. Issledovanie teplo-vetrovykh protsessov na modeli zhiloy zastroyki gorodov s zharko-shtilevym usloviem klimata [Research of Thermal and Wind Processes as Exemplified by Residential Housing Areas in Hot and Windless Climatic Conditions]. Izvestiya VUZov [News Bulletins of Universities], Stroitel’stvo i arkhitektura [Construction and Architecture], Novosibirsk, 1989, no. 6, pp. 43—47.
- Abdulloev M. Aerodinamicheskie kharakteristiki zhilykh zdaniy v usloviyakh slozhnogo rel’efa [Aerodynamic Characteristics of Residential Buildings in the Complex Terrain Relief Environment]. Author’s abstract of a dissertation for the title of the candidate of technical sciences. Moscow, 1984, p. 24.
- Giyasov B.I. Vliyanie zharko-shtilevogo klimata na ograzhdayushchie konstruktsii i mikro-klimat zhilykh zdaniy [Influence of the Hot Windless Climate on Shell Structures and the Microclimate of Residential Buildings]. Author’s abstract of a dissertation for the title of the candidate of technical sciences. Moscow, 2000, p. 24.
- Abramovich. G.N. Teoriya turbulentnykh struy [The theory of Turbulent Streams]. Moscow, Fizmatgiz, 1960, p. 375.
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Debolsky Vladimir K. -
Water problem institute of RAS
Head of laboratory of the dynamics of channel flows and ice heat, Water problem institute of RAS, 3 Goubkina st., Moscow, 119333, Russian Federation;
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.
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Gritsuk Iliya I. -
Water problem institute of RAS
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Senior Researcher, assistant professor, Water Problems Institute of RAS (WPI RAS), Water problem institute of RAS, 3 Goubkina st., Moscow, 119333, Russian Federation;
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.
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Ionov Dmitry N. -
Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)
Candidate of Technical Sciences, junior researcher, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya st., Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation.
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Maslikova Oksana J. -
Water problem institute of RAS
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Water problem institute of RAS, 3 Goubkina st., Moscow, 119333, Russian Federation.
The problems of hydraulic engineering require expansion of the scale of research on destructive coastal processes of water bodies located on the territory of the permafrost. Subject: of research in this article are the slopes of the rivers located in the zone of frozen rocks, and the main possible processes on them, occurring under the influence of various seasonal factors. The aim of this work is to study the thermo erosion slope processes of permafrost with allowance for hydromechanical and thermodynamic factors and the development of the main characteristics of these processes, as well as the construction of a single model that allows estimating and predicting the effect of seasonal conditions (including spring snowmelt and exposure to solar radiation) on possible destructive coastal processes at water bodies located on the territory of the permafrost zone. Materials and methods: theoretical analysis and generalization of known achievements in the field of hydrology and glaciology, the theory of slope processes, sediment transport, mechanics of frozen soils, and filtration. As a factual material, the data of laboratory experiments carried out in the PFUR hydraulic laboratory on a facility that allows varying rain currents of varying intensity, while measuring both the rate and number of infiltration flows, and the amount of side flow in the case of frozen or partially thawed soil, that were used as factual material. A various soil structure was modeled by freezing or introducing ice interlayers. Such studies in the laboratory were conducted for the first time. Results and conclusions: a method for predicting thermo-erosion is proposed taking into account the effect of seasonal conditions on permafrost. The influence of the direction of the coastal incline on the rate of thawing of soils under the influence of solar radiation is studied. The influence of ultraviolet rays on snow melting is different from the influence of infrared rays, since short waves (UV) penetrate deep into opaque substances and are transformed into heat fluxes within the snow layer. Cloudiness is a deterrent only for the IR portion of the spectrum. It has been shown experimentally that the dependence of the erosion of solid matter on the slope angle (other things being equal) will have a exponent (4/3) form. Thawing and erosion of frozen water bodies are proportional to the square root of time. The linear coefficient depends on the nature of the rock, ice content, ambient temperature and flow temperature. On the basis of the results obtained, it is possible to give practical recommendations for preventing and reducing the negative impact of the destructive processes under investigation, which is especially important for those areas where intensive hydrotechnical construction is being carried out.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2018.9.1112-1124
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Tunik Aleksandr Aleksandrovich -
National Research Irkutsk State Technical University (NR ISTU)
degree-seeking student, Department of Engineering Communications and Life Support Systems, Heat-and-power engineer, Department of Energy Account, National Research Irkutsk State Technical University (NR ISTU), 83 Lermontova str., Irkutsk, 664074, Russian Federation;
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.
In a flat solar collector SUN 1 The active development of environmental friendly energy sources alternative to HPPs is currently of great importance in the world. Such alternative energy sources are: water, ground, sun, wind, biofuel, etc. If we have a look at the atlas of solar energy resources on the territory of Russia, we can make a conclusion, that in many regions of our country solar activity level allows using solar collector. Though the analysis of different models of solar collector showed, that most of them are ineffective in the regions with cold climate, though the solar activity of these regions is of a great level. In this regard, a mathematical model of heat-mass exchange processes in flat solar collectors is introduced in this article. The model was a basis for the development of a new solar collector, named SUN 1, which has an original heating tubes form. This form allows heat transfer medium to be under the influence of solar energy for a longer time and consequently to warm to a higher temperature, increasing the warming rapidity.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2016.1.126-142
References
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