APPLICATION OF FINE-GRAINED SHOTCRETE FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF UNDERGROUND TUNNELS
Pages 81-90
The authors consider the prospects of the use of shotcrete on the basis of fine-grained concrete mix for the construction of underground. Such use has the following advantages: there is an increase of the construction speed due to high feed rate of rapidly fastening concrete mix that has good adhesion to other materials; thanks to solid structure the obtained concrete has high water resistance and therefore it can be used in the construction of underground structures undergoing high pressure of groundwater; using reinforcing mesh it is possible to create thin-walled dome vaults in underground structures, as well as to obtain a reinforced layer of a heavy thickness, which has high strength and good adhesion to rocks due to the use of metal mesh, steel frame, anchors and introduction of dispersed steel or carbon fibers that can be used in the construction of large tunnels. The obtained experimental results showed that the fine-grained concrete mixture containing superplasticizer Ace 388 applied by gunning, has a low water-cement ratio, which provides its fast setting and hardening, although it contains a substantial amount of fine powdery or fibrous materials having a high water demand. The compressed air pressure required to ensure the smooth transportation of fine-grained concrete mix to the placing site, depends on its viscosity and moisture.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2016.7.81-90
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