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Bryukhan Fedor Fedorovich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
+7 (495) 922-83-19, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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Lebedev Viktor Vadimovich -
OOO Regional’naya Gornorudnaya Kompaniya
Project Manager, OOO Regional’naya Gornorudnaya Kompaniya, Building 1, 4 Sadovnicheskaya St., Moscow, 115035, Russian Federation;
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Any selection of sites to accommodate mining enterprises (ME) shall inflict a minimal damage to the environment and humans. Consideration of environmental effects caused by various factors of anthropogenic impacts and development of environmental protection plans involve the assessment of their significance.The authors explain the methodology of substantiation of optimal siting of mining enterprises exemplified by Klen gold and silver deposit in Bilibin region of Chukot Autonomous District. Ranking of impacts produced by various factors serves as the basis for the procedure of the site selection. SWOT analysis of these factors must be completed. The factors of pollution and violation of the geological environment, pollution of surface waters and the water intake, atmospheric pollution, impacts produced on flora and fauna, and physical effects are discussed.A ranking pattern must be customized for each mining enterprise due to the wide variety of features that mining enterprises demonstrate (production patterns and technologies, master plans, natural and anthropogenic conditions).
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.1.47-58
References
- Bryukhan' A.F., Bryukhan' F.F., Potapov A.D. Inzhenerno-ekologicheskie izyskaniya dlya stroitel'stva teplovykh elektrostantsiy [Engineering and Ecological Surveying for Construction of Thermal Power Plants]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2010, 192 p.
- Bryukhan' F.F., Lebedev V.V. Otsenka khimicheskogo zagryazneniya pochv, gruntov i donnykh otlozheniy na zoloto-serebryanom mestorozhdenii «Klen» [Assessment of the Chemical Pollution of Soils, Ground and Bottom Sediments at Klen Gold and Silver Deposit]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2012, no. 5, pp. 150—155.
- Lebedev V.V. Skhema ranzhirovaniya faktorov tekhnogennogo vozdeystviya gornorudnykh predpriyatiy na okruzhayushchuyu sredu i cheloveka [Pattern of Ranking of Factors of Anthropogenic Impacts Produced by Mining Enterprises on the Environment and Humans]. Vestnik MGOU. Ser. «Estestvennye nauki» [Proceedings of Moscow State Open University. Natural Sciences Series]. 2012, no. 4, pp. 110—117.
- SNiP 11-01—95. Instruktsiya o poryadke razrabotki, soglasovaniya, utverzhdeniya i sostave proektnoy dokumentatsii na stroitel'stvo predpriyatiy, zdaniy i sooruzheniy. [Instructions for the Procedure of Development, Coordination, Approval and Composition of the Project Documentation Package Required for the Construction of Enterprises, Buildings and Structures]. Moscow, Ministry of Construction of the Russian Federation, 1995, 17 p.
- SNiP 11-02—96. Inzhenernye izyskaniya dlya stroitel'stva. Osnovnye polozheniya. [Construction Norms and Rules 11-02—96. Engineering Surveys for Construction Purposes. Basic Provisions]. Moscow, Ministry of Construction of the Russian Federation, 1997, 44 p.
- SP 11-102—97. Inzhenerno-ekologicheskie izyskaniya dlya stroitel'stva [Construction Rules 11-102—97. Engineering and Environmental Surveys for Construction Purposes]. Moscow, PNIIIS Publ., 1997, 41 p.
- Dibb S., Simkin L. The Market Segmentation Workbook: Target Marketing for Marketing Managers. London, Cengage Learning EMEA, 1996, 219 p.
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Shimenkova Anastasiya Anatol'evna -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
postgraduate student, Department of Engineering Geology and Geoecology, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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Potapov Aleksandr Dmitrievich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head, Department of Engineering Geology and Geoecology, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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.
In large cities, fuel consumption is growing rapidly, and therefore the number of filling stations. And they are a source of anthropogenic impact on the environment and represent current scientific and practical task, because recently no research was conducted into the optimization of monitoring systems in the construction of gas station storage tanks, and no activity on replacing the obsolete design with new storage tanks. In this regard, much attention should be paid to the creation of geo-environmental systems integrated assessment of the environment, as well as modeling and forecasting various negative situations. In the modern world, the creation of such systems is possible with the help of modern computer tools such as geographic information systems.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.3.212-219
References
- Graf M. La. Obzor osnovnoy problemy vzaimodeystviya toplivnogo biznesa i ekologii v mire [Overview of the Main Problem of Interaction of the Fuel Business and Ecology in the World] Sbornik dokladov Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii «Ekologicheskaya i pozharnaya bezopasnost' sovremennykh AZS» [Collection of the International Scientific-Practical Conference "Environmental and Fire Safety of Modern Gas Stations"]. Moscow, 1998, ðð. 10—12.
- Lampert F. Vybrosy parov benzina i reshenie etoy problemy v stranakh Evropeyskogo Soyuza [Gasoline Vapor Emissions and Solution of this Problem in the Countries of the EU]. Sbornik dokladov Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konfe-rentsii «Ekologicheskaya i pozharnaya bezopasnost' sovremennykh AZS» [Collection of the International Scientific-Practical Conference "Environmental and Fire Safety of Modern Gas Stations"]. Moscow, 1998, ðð. 35—39.
- Belyaev A.Yu. Otsenka vliyaniya avtozapravochnykh stantsiy (AZS) na geologicheskuyu sredu [Assessment of the Impact of Gas Stations on the Geological Environment]. Sbornik Mezhdunarodnoy konferentsii «Lomonosov—2000: molodezh' i nauka na rubezhe XXI veka» [Collection of International Conference «Lomonosov—2000: Youth and Science of the 21st Century»]. Moscow, 2000, pp. 178.
- Belyaev A. Yu., Kashperyuk P.I. Issledovaniya zagryazneniya poverkhnostnogo stoka s territorii AZS (na primere mnogofunktsional'nykh avtozapravochnykh kompleksov «BP» v g. Moskve) [Investigation of Pollution of Surface Runoff Caused by a Filling Station (on the Example of Multifunctional Filling Stations «BP», Moscow)] Sbornik Akademicheskie chteniya N.A. Tsitovicha [Collection of Academic Readings N.A. Tsitovich]. Moscow, 2003, pp.190—194.
- Dhanapal G. GIS-based Environmental and Ecological Planning for Sustainable Development. January 2012. Available at: http://www.geospatialworld.net. Date of access: 05.02.14.
- Antonio Miguel Mart?nez-Gra?a, Jose Luis Goy, Caridad Zazo. Cartographic-Environmental Analysis of the Landscape in Natural Protected Parks for His Management Using GIS. Application to the Natural Parks of the “Las Batuecas-Sierra de Francia” and “Quilamas” (Central System, Spain). Journal of Geographic Information System. February 2013, vol. 5, no. 1, ðp. 54—68. DOI: 10.4236/jgis.2013.51006.
- Reshma Parveen, Uday Kumar. Integrated Approach of Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and Geographical Information System (GIS) for Soil Loss Risk Assessment in Upper South Koel Basin, Jharkhand. Journal of Geographic Information System. December 2012, vol. 4, no. 6, ðp. 588—596. DOI: 10.4236/jgis.2012.46061.
- Gol'dberg V.M., Zverev V. P., Arbuzov A. I., Kazennov S. M., Kovalevskiy Yu. V., Putilina V. Tekhnogennoe zagryaznenie prirodnykh vod uglevodorodami i ego ekologicheskie posledstviya [Anthropogenic Pollution of Natural Waters with Hydrocarbons, and its Environmental Consequences]. Moscow. Nauka Publ., 2001,125 p.
- Dobrovol'skiy S.A., Kashperyuk P.I., Potapov A.D. K otsenke vliyaniya avtomobil'nykh vybrosov na zagryaznenie gruntov tyazhelymi elementami v razlichnykh zonakh polos gorodskikh avtodorog [To the Question of Assessing the Impact of Automobile Emissions on the Pollution of Soils with Heavy Elements in Different Areas of Urban Roads] Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2010, no. 1, pp. 299—304.
- Dobrovol'skiy S.A. O zagryaznenii uchastkov vdol' avtomagistraley g. Moskvy tyazhelymi metallami [On the Pollution of the Areas along the Highways of Moscow by Heavy Metals]. Inzhenernye izyskaniya [Engineering Research]. 2010, no. 10, pp. 52—56.
- Dobrovol'skiy S.A., Potapov A.D., Kashperyuk P.I. Nekotorye podkhody k postroeniyu modeli zagryazneniya vozdushnoy sredy avtotransportnymi vybrosami [Some Approaches to Building a Model of Air Pollution by Road Transport Emissions]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2010, no. 4, pp.155—158.
- Timofeev S.S., Perminova D.V. Otsenka neuchtennoy ekologicheskoy nagruzki sistemy nefteproduktoobespecheniya na atmosferu goroda Irkutska i Irkutskoy oblasti [Assessment of unaccounted environmental load of the system of oil products supply to the atmosphere of the city of Irkutsk and the Irkutsk on public]. Vestnik Irkutskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta [Proceedings of the Irkutsk State Technical University]. 2011, no. 3, vol. 50, pð. 25—29.
- Chernyavskaya T.A. Mesto geoinformatsionnoy sistemy v informatsionnom prostranstve neftegazodobyvayushchey kompanii [Place of GIS in the Information Space of an Oil and Gas Company]. Zhurnal «ArcReview» [Journal "ArcReview"]. 2011, no. 1(56). Available at: http://www.dataplus.ru. Date of access: 01.02.14.
- Alekseev V.V., Kurakina N.I., Orlova N.V., Geoinformatsionnaya sistema monitoringa vodnykh ob"ektov i normirovaniya ekologicheskoy nagruzki [The Geoinformational System of Water Objects Monitoring and the Normalization of the Ecological Load]. Zhurnal «ArcReview» [Journal "ArcReview"]. 2006, no. 1(36). Available at: http://www.dataplus.ru. Date of access: 01.02.14
- Alekseev V.V., Kurakina N.I., Zheltov E.V. Sistema modelirovaniya rasprostraneniya zagryaznyayushchikh veshchestv i otsenki ekologicheskoy situatsii na baze GIS [System of Simulating the Spread of Pollutants and Estimation of the Ecological Situation on the Basis of GIS]. Informatsionnye tekhnologii modelirovaniya i upravleniya [Information Technologies of Modeling and Control]. Voronezh, 2005, no. 5(23), pp. 765—769.
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Potapov Ivan Aleksandrovich -
Scientific and Research Institute of Emergency Healthcare named after N.V. Sklifosovskiy
engineer, Scientific and Research Institute of Emergency Healthcare named after N.V. Sklifosovskiy, ;
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Potapov Aleksandr Dmitrievich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head, Department of Engineering Geology and Geoecology, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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Shimenkova Anastasiya Anatol’evna -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)
engineer, Department of Engineering Geology and Geoecology, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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The authors consider the strength development of sandy soils in the contest of the physical chemical theory of effective stresses. The authors drive particular attention to the assessment of formation of various types of energy contacts in sandy soils. The article is based on the overview of theories developed by several researchers, on the one hand, and on the findings of the experimental research of sandy soils that have different structural patterns, on the other hand. The experiments include both those that were held a while ago and the most recent projects. The authors have proven that the strength of sandy soils is, to a significant extent, driven by their morphological peculiarities that determine their condition in the context of the assessment of their “densitymoisture”. Strength values of sands are dependent on their moisture content both in terms of their maximal shear stress values obtained in the course of shear testing, or their per-unit penetration resistance, penetration values, as well as the inner friction angle and cohesion. The “strength-moisture” is presented as a curvilinear graph that has two upper limits, one for shear tests and the other one for penetration tests. Maximal strength, according to the shear test, is attained for dry sands, if their moisture content is close to the “optimal” value. As for the penetration tests, maximal per-unit resistance to penetration and penetration values are also close to the “optimal” moisture content value. The authors have identified that moisture content is an important factor of strength of sandy soils that demonstrate various structural characteristics.However, the process of formation of structural peculiarities of sands, namely, their morphological parameters and the nature of the surface of sand particles is influenced by the presence of various films on the surface of sand particles. The article represents a preliminary analysis of the theoretical and experimental findings, therefore, any discussions are welcome.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.2.166-180
References
- Potapov A.D. Nauchno-metodologicheskie osnovy geoekologicheskoy bezopasnosti stroitel’stva [Scientific and Methodological Fundamentals of Geo-ecological Safety of Construction Works]. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2002, 312 p.
- Anan’ev V.P., Potapov A.D. Inzhenernaya geologiya [Engineering Geology]. Moscow, Vyssh. shk. publ., 2008, 346 p.
- Potapov A.D. Ekologiya [Ecology]. Moscow, Vyssh. shk. publ., 2005, 328 p.
- Platov N.A., Potapov A.D., Lebedeva M.D.. Peschanye grunty [Sandy Soils]. Moscow, ASV Publ., 2008, 186 p.
- Potapov A.D., Potapov I.A., Shimenkova A.A. Nekotorye aspekty primenimosti k peschanym gruntam polozheniy fiziko-khimicheskoy teorii effektivnykh napryazheniy [Particular Aspects of Applicability of Provisions of the Physical and Chemical Theory of Effective Stresses to Sandy Soils]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2012, no. 10, pp. 229—239.
- Potapov I.A., Potapov A.D., Shimenkova A.A. Formirovanie raznykh tipov energeticheskikh kontaktov v peschanykh gruntakh v aspekte fiziko-khimicheskoy teorii effektivnykh napryazheniy [Formation of Different Types of Energy Contacts in Sandy Soils in the Framework of the Physicochemical Theory of Effective Stresses]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2012, no. 11, pp. 210—218.
- Potapov I.A., Shimenkova A.A., Potapov A.D. Zavisimost’ suffozionnoy ustoychivosti peschanykh gruntov razlichnogo genezisa ot tipa fil’trata [Dependence of Suffosion Stability of Sandy Soils of Various Geneses on the Type of Filtrate]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2012, no. 5, pp. 79—86.
- Potapov A.D., Potapov I.A., Shimenkova A.A. Rol’ plotnosti — vlazhnosti v peschanykh gruntakh v formirovanii effektivnykh napryazheniyakh s pozitsiy fiziko-khimicheskoy teorii [The Role of the “Density – Moisture” of Sandy Soils in Formation of Efficient Stresses from the Perspective of the Physicochemical Theory]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2012, no. 12, pp. 104—110.
- Senyushchenkova I.M. Teoriya formirovaniya i metody razvitiya urbolandshaftov na ovrazhno-balochnom rel’efe [Theory of Formation and Methods of Development of Urban Landscapes in the Gully Relief]. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2011, 376 p.
- Osipov V.I. Fiziko-khimicheskaya teoriya effektivnykh napryazheniy v gruntakh [Physicochemical Theory of Effective Stresses in Soils]. IGE RAN [Institute of Geo-ecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences]. Moscow, IFZ RAN [Institute of Physics of the Earth (IPE)], 2012, 74 p.
- Osipov V.I. Strukturnye svyazi kak osnova otsenki fiziko-mekhanicheskikh svoystv glinistykh porod [Structural Links as the Basis for Assessment of Physical Mechanical Properties of the Glay Rock]. Sovershenstvovanie metodov laboratornykh issledovaniy gruntov pri inzhenernykh izyskaniyakh dlya stroitel’stva : Tezisy dokladov 2 Respublikanskogo soveshchaniya. [Improvement of Methods of Laboratory Testing of Soils as Part of Engineering Surveys for Civil Engineering Purposes. Abstracts of Reports of the 2nd Republican Meeting]. Moscow, Stroyizyskaniya Publ., 1977, pp. 29—40.
- Trofimov V.T. Gruntovedenie [Pedology]. Moscow, MGU Publ., Nauka Publ., 2005, 1024 p.
- Gol’dshteyn M.N. Mekhanicheskie svoystva gruntov. Osnovnye komponenty grunta I ikh vzaimodeystvie. [Mechanical Properties of Soils. Principal Components of Soil and Their Interaction]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1973, 375 p.
- Tsytovich N.A. Mekhanika gruntov [Soil Mechanics]. Moscow, Gosstroyizdat Publ., 1963.
- Sergeev E.M. Granulometricheskaya klassifikatsiya peskov [Granulometric Classification of Sands]. Vestn. MGU. Ser. biol. i pochv. [Proceedings of Moscow State University. Biology and Soil Series]. 1953, no. 12, pp. 49—56.
- Potapov A.D. Morfologicheskoe izuchenie peskov razlichnogo genezisa v inzhenerno-geologicheskikh tselyakh [Morphological Research of Sands of Various Geneses for Engineering Geology Purposes]. Moscow, PNIIIS [Production, Scientific and Research Institute of Engineering Surveying in Construction], 1982.
- Rebinder P.A. Strukturno-mekhanicheskie svoystva glinistykh porod i sovremennye predstavleniya fiziko-khimii kolloidov [Structural and Mechanical Properties of Clay Soils and the Present-day Ideas of Physics and Chemistry of Colloids]. Trudy Soveshchaniya po inzhenerno-geologicheskim svoystvam gornykh porod i metodam ikh izucheniya [Collected Works of Geo-engineering Properties of Rocks and Methods of Their Study]. Moscow, AN SSSR Publ., 1956, vol. 1, pp. 31—44.
- Mikhaylov N.V., Rebinder P.A. O strukturno-mekhanicheskikh svoystvakh dispersnykh i vysokomolekulyarnykh sistem [Structural Mechanical Properties of Disperse and High Molecular Systems]. Kolloidnyy zhurnal [Colloid Journal]. 1955, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 112—119.
- Ter-Stepanyan G.I. O vliyanii formy i raspolozheniya chastits na protsess sdviga v gruntakh [Influence of Shape and Position of Partickes onto the Process of Shear of Soils]. Izv. AN ArmSSR [News of the Academy of Sciences of Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic]. 1948, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 167—185.
- Gor’kova I.M. Strukturnye i deformatsionnye osobennosti osadochnykh porod razlichnoy stepeni uplotneniya i litifikatsii [Structural and Deformation-related Peculiarities of Sedimentary Rocks That Have Different Compaction and Lithification Values]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1966, 128 p.
- Durante V.A. Opyt issledovaniya plotnosti peskov metodom glubinnogo zondirovaniya [Practical Research into the Density of Soils Using Method of Deep Sounding]. Trudy Soveshchaniya po inzhenerno-geologicheskim svoystvam gornykh porod i metodam ikh izucheniya [Works of the Meeting Dedicated to the Geo-engineering Properties of Rocks and Methods of Their Study]. Moscow, AN SSSR Publ., 1956, vol. 1, pp. 249—258.
- Lysenko M.P. Sostav i fiziko-mekhanicheskie svoystva gruntov [Composition and Physical Mechanical Properties of Soils]. Moscow, Nedra Publ., 1972.
- Dudler I.V. Znachenie ponyatiya «plotnost’ — vlazhnost’» dlya izucheniya i otsenki fiziko-mekhanicheskikh svoystv peschanykh gruntov [Meaning of the “Density-Moisture Content” Notion for the Study and Assessment of Physical Mechanical Properties of Sandy Soils]. Voprosy inzhenernoy geologii [Issues of Engineering Geology]. Moscow, MISI Publ., 1977, 7 p.
- Platov N.A., Gor’kova I.M. Strukturno-mekhanicheskie osobennosti melkozernistykh i pylevatykh peskov [Structural and Mechanical Peculiarities of Small-grained and Dusty Sands]. Dokl. AN SSSR. Ser.geol. [Reports of the Academy of Sciences of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Geology Series]. 1972, vol. 206, no. 5, pp. 1204—1206.
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- Gor’kova I.M. Fiziko-khimicheskie issledovaniya dispersnykh osadochnykh porod v stroitel’nykh tselyakh [Physical Chemical Research into Disperse Sedimentary Soils for Construction Purposes]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1975, 151 p.
- Platov N.A., Gor’kova I.M. O prirode prochnosti melko- i srednezernistykh peschanykh porod razlichnogo geneticheskogo tipa [Character of Strength of Small and Mid-size Sandy Rocks of Different Genetic Origin]. Kolloidnyy zhurnal [Colloid Journal]. 1973, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 57—62.
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- Kabai J. The Compatibility of Sands and Sandy Gravels. Techn. University Budapest, 1968, vol. 63.
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Pogorel'tsev Yuriy Romanovich -
Sochi State University (SSU)
postgraduate student, Department of Real Estate Inspection and Management, Sochi State University (SSU), 26 a Sovetskaya Str., Sochi, 354000, Russian Federation;
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Shevtsov Viktor Sergeevich -
Sochi State University (SSU)
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head, Department of Real Estate Inspection and Management, Sochi State University (SSU), 26 a Sovetskaya Str., Sochi, 354000, Russian Federation;
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This article considers the main aspects of the process of self-purification in the marine environment. It describes mechanics of biogenic elements of the marine environment in the process of production and destruction of autochthonous and allochthonous organic matter. This article discusses organics and flows of energy, which migrate to the trophic chain of the marine environment in the process of self-purification. And it shows the individual elements of the process of self-purification in the marine environment and the factors influencing it. In the article it is noted that self-cleaning of water environment happens due to the cycling of matter in the pond. It is emphasized that tension, focus and self-purification completeness are regulated by biotic turnover and energy turnover, which is determined by the type of limnological type of reservoir, geographical features (climate conditions), geophysical and anthropogenic impacts. The article notes that the more diverse system of organisms is, the fuller the compounds’ decay is. This property of organisms to complement each other is called buffering of the system. Complex system of organisms cope better with organic and bacterial contamination, but is less responsive to insertion nutrients; biotic cycle in complex systems is more intense. Bacterial community plays the major role in the process of self-purification of biological marine environments. They are the major element of the coastal zone ecosystems. This article shows that during the growth of bacterial populations most of the energy supplied to the aquatic ecosystems with auto- and allochthonous organic matter is processed. The bacteria prepare the conditions for the development of other organisms of water biocenosis. Concentration of the organic substrate regulates the growth rate of bacteria. Bacterial self-cleaning depends on the total number of microorganisms or their separate groups, locally contained in the marine environment.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.5.119-126
References
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- Pogoreltsev Yu.R., Mishin S.V. The Theoretical Aspects of the Sea Self-purification Processes` Intensification and the Technological Islands` Complexes Designing by the Black Sea Coast. Science, Technology and Higher Education: Materials of the III International Research and Practice Conference. Canada, Westwood, 2013, vol. 2, pp. 468—475. ISBN 978-1-77192-013-1. Available at: http://science-canada.com/10-2013-2.pdf.
- Gol'dberg G.A., Zats V.I. Modelirovanie protsessov samoochishcheniya vod [Modeling the Processes of Waters Self Purification]. Sevastopol', Institut biologii yuzhnykh morey im. A.O. Kovalevskogo AN USSR Publ., 1991, 59 p.
- Zaytsev Yu.P. Samoe sinee v mire [The Most Blue in the World]. United Nations Development Programme. New-York, UN Publ., 1998, Black Sea Environmental Series, vol. 6, 142 p.
- Shurda K.E. O nekotorykh ekologicheskikh problemakh i napravleniyakh Chernogo morya [On Some Ecological Problems and Directions of the Black Sea]. Odesa, TsNTPIONYuA Publ., 2003, pp. 56—58.
- Chepurnova E.A., Zharov N.A. Mikrobiologicheskie pokazateli v otsenke samoochishchayushchey sposobnosti morskikh vod [Microbiological Attributes in Estimating Self-Purifying Capacity of Sea Waters]. Sevastopol', Institut biologii yuzhnykh morey im. A.O. Kovalevskogo AN USSR Publ., 1984, 6 p.
- Mironov O.G. Bakterial'naya transformatsiya neftyanykh uglevodorodov v pribrezhnoy zone morya [Bacterial Transformation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Nearshore Zone]. Morskoy ekologicheskiy zhurnal [Sea Ecological Journal]. 2002, no. 1, pp. 56—66.
- Shevtsov V.S., Pogorel'tsev Yu.R. Issledovanie zakonomernostey biokhimicheskikh protsessov okisleniya zagryazneniy v morskoy srede [Investigating the Regularities of Biochemical Processes of Pollution Combustion in Sea Environment]. Morskie berega — evolyutsiya, ekologiya, ekonomika: materialy XXIV Mezhdunarodnoy beregovoy konferentsii, posvyashchennoy 60-letiyu so dnya osnovaniya Rabochey gruppy «Morskie berega» [Sea Shores — Evolution, Ecology, Economy: Materials of the 24th International Shore Conference, Dedicated to 60th Anniversary of the Working Group “Sea Shores”]. Tuapse, 1—6 October 2012, Krasnodar, Yug Publ., 2012, vol. 2, pp. 109—112.
- Gigevich G.S., Zhukhovitskaya A.L., Onoshko M.P., Generalova V.A. Eksperimental'noe izuchenie pogloshcheniya biogenov vysshimi vodnymi rasteniyami [Experimental Study of Biogene Absorbtion by Higher Sea Plants]. Prikladnaya limnologiya: sbornik nauchykh statey [Applied Limnology: Collection of Scientific Articles]. Minsk, 2000, no. 2, p. 90.
- Solov'eva O.V. Potoki neftyanykh uglevodorodov cherez poseleniya midiy, obitayushchikh na yuzhnom molu Sevastopol'skoy bukhty [Flows of Petroleum Hydrocarbons through the Mussels Habitations on the South Bar of Sevastopol Bay]. Morskoy ekologicheskiy zhurnal [Sea Ecological Journal]. 2007, no. 4, vol. VI, pp. 61—68.
- Black Sea Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis. BSERP; Global Environment Facility, New York, 2007, 114 p.
- Maureen E. Callow, James A. Callow. Marine Biofouling: a Sticky Problem. University of Birmingham, UK, 2002, 34 p.
- Painter H.A. Organic Compounds in Solution in Sewage Effluents. Chemistry and Industry. New York, 1973, 55 p.
- Warren Ch. Aquatic Biology and Water Pollution Control. W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, 1971, 95 p.
- Yorulmaz Y., Manning F.S. Elimination of Dissolved Organics in Waste Waters. Processing. USA Colorado, 1975, 12 p.
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Telichenko Valeriy Ivanovich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)
Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Thermal and Nuclear Power Facilities Construction, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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Kurochkina Valentina Aleksandrovna -
26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Hydraulics and Water Resources, 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation, ;
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In the article the authors consider the problem of the impact of man-caused load on river hydraulics processes and on the properties of river sediments that determine river channels evolution and general ecological state of water bodies. The interrelation between ecological state of water bodies, the quality of water in them and the level of contamination of sediments was determined. It is established that the conditions of long-term aquatic life as a whole and of water quality in particular directly depend on the contamination level of sediments. It is shown that the rate and volume of sediments accumulation, as well as contamination level of sediment layers, vary throughout the lifecycle of water body, which allows using sediments as the main indicator of the ecological state of water body reflecting the level of technogenic impact on aquatic ecosystems.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2016.6.80-89
References
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- Telichenko V.I. Problemy i zadachi geoekologicheskoy bezopasnosti stroitel'stva [Problems and Tasks of Geoecological Safety of Construction]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo [Industrial and Civil Engineering]. 2008, no. 11, pp. 50—54. (In Russian)
- Telichenko V.I., Potapov A.D., Slesarev M.Yu., Shcherbina E.V. Ekologicheskaya bezopasnost' stroitel'stva [Ecological Safety of Construction]. Moscow, Arkhitektura-S Publ., 2009, 312 p. (In Russian)
- Bogomolova T.G., Kurochkina V.A. Zagryaznenie rechnykh rusel na urbanizirovannykh territoriyakh i inzhenernye meropriyatiya po uluchsheniyu ikh ekologicheskogo sostoyaniya [Pollution of River Beds in the Urbanized Territories and Engineering Operations to Improve Their Ecological State]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2010, no. 4, vol. 2, pp. 399—404. (In Russian)
- Kurochkina V.A. Vliyanie peremeshcheniya i osazhdeniya vzveshennykh chastits na protsessy samoochishcheniya vody [Influence of Motion and Settlement of Susended Matters on the Processes of Water Self-Purification]. Estestvennye i tekhnicheskie nauki [Natural and Technical Sciences]. 2014, no. 9—10 (77), pp. 452—455. (In Russian)
- Ellis J.B. Sediments and Water Quality of Urban Storm Water. Water Services. 1976, vol. 80, no. 970, pp. 730—734.
- Bogomolova T.G., Kurochkina V.A. Zagryaznenie rechnykh rusel na urbanizirovannykh territoriyakh i problemy ikh ochistki dlya uluchsheniya ekologicheskogo sostoyaniya vodotoka [Pollution of River Beds in Urbanized Territories and Problems of Their Treatment to Improve the Ecological State of Water Course]. Inzhenernye izyskaniya [Engineering Surveys]. 2010, no. 10, pp. 56—58. (In Russian)
- Saet Yu.E., Smirnova R.S. Geokhimicheskie printsipy vyyavleniya zon vozdeystviya promyshlennykh vybrosov v gorodskikh aglomeratsiyakh [Geochemical Principles of Detecting the Impact Zones of Industrial Waste in Urban Agglomerations]. Landshaftno-geokhimicheskoe rayonirovanie i okhrana sredy [Landscape-Geochemical Zoning and Environmental Protection]. Moscow, Mysl’ Publ., 1983, 97 p. (In Russian)
- Geokhimiya okruzhayushchey sredy [Geochemistry of the Environment]. Moscow, Nedra Publ., 1990, 333 p. (In Russian)
- Dobrovol’skiy V.V. Landshaftno-geokhimicheskie kriterii otsenki zagryazneniya pochvennogo pokrova tyazhelymi metallami [Landscape-Geochemical Criteria of Estimating the Pollution of Soil Landscape by Heavy Metals]. Pochvovedenie [Eurasian Soil Science]. 1999, no. 5, pp. 639—645. (In Russian)
- Yanin E.P. Tekhnogennye rechnye ily v zone vliyaniya promyshlennogo goroda (formirovanie, sostav, geokhimicheskie osobennosti) [Technogenic River Muds in the Area of Industrial City Influence (Formation, Composition, Geochemical Features)]. Moscow, IMGRE Publ., 2002, 100 p. (In Russian)
- Yanin E.P. Tekhnogennye geokhimicheskie assotsiatsii v donnykh otlozheniyakh malykh rek agrolandshaftov (formirovanie, sostav, ekologicheskaya otsenka) [Anthropogenic Geochemical Aggregations in Bottom Sediments of Small Rivers of Cultivated Lands]. Teoreticheskaya i prikladnaya ekologiya [Theoretical and Applied Ecology]. 2009, no. 1, pp. 66—71.(In Russian)
- Kurochkina V.A. Formirovanie i ekologicheskie svoystva ruslovykh otlozheniy v vodotokakh na urbanizirovannykh territoriyakh : avtoreferat dissertatsii ... kandidata tekhnicheskikh nauk [Formation and Ecological Properties of Bed Sediments in Water Courses in Urbanized Territories : Abstract of the Dissertation of the Candidate of Technical Sciences]. Moscow, MGSU Publ., 2012, 20 p. (In Russian)
- Kosov V.I., Ivanov G.N., Levinskiy V.V. Issledovaniya zagryazneniya tyazhelymi metallami donnykh otlozheniy Verkhney Volgi [Investigation of Pollution with Heavy Metals of Bottom Sediments of the Upper Volga]. Vestnik Tverskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta [Proceedings of Tver State University]. 2002, no. 1, pp. 5—9. (In Russian)
- Kuzhina G.Sh. Dinamika mikroelementov v vode i donnykh otlozheniyakh verkhoviy rek Yuzhnogo Urala: Belaya i Ural : avtoreferat dissertatsii … kandidata biologicheskikh nauk [Dynamics of Microelements in Water and Bottom Sediments of River Heads in the South Ural : Belaya and Ural : Abstract of the Dissertation of the Candidate of Biological Sciences]. Tol’yatti, 2010, 18 p. (In Russian)
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- Linnik P.N., Nabivanets B.I. Formy migratsii metallov v presnykh poverkhnostnykh vodakh [Migration Patterns of Metals in Surface Fresh Waters]. Leningrad, Gidrometeoizdat Publ., 1986, 268 p. (In Russian)
- Fokin D.P., Frumin G.T., Rybalko A.E. Soderzhanie i raspredelenie khimicheskikh elementov v donnykh otlozheniyakh vostochnoy chasti Finskogo zaliva [Composition and Distribution of Chemical Elements in Bottom Sediments of the Eastern Part of the Gulf of Finland]. Ekologicheskaya khimiya [Ecological Chemistry]. 2010, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 236—242. (In Russian)
- Dobrovol’skiy V.V. Geografiya mikroelementov. Global’noe rasseyanie [Geography of Microelements. Global Distribution]. Moscow, Mysl’ Publ., 1983, 272 p. (In Russian)
- Koval’skiy V.V. Geokhimicheskaya ekologiya [Geochemical Ecology]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1974, 297 p. (In Russian)
- Müller G. Schadstoffe in Sedimenten-Sedimente als Schadstoffe. Umweltgeologie-Band. Wien, Dezember, 1986, pp. 107—126.
- Kolomiytsev N.V., Shcherbakov A.O., Myuller G. Metodika issledovaniya zagryazneniya rek Moskovskogo regiona tyazhelymi metallami [Methods of Investigating the River Polluters of the Moscow Region by Heavy Metals]. Zhizn’ Zemli: zemlevedenie, ekologiya, geodinamika, muzeologiya : sbornik nauchnykh trudov Muzeya Zemlevedeniya MGU [The Life of the Earth: Earth Sciences, Ecology, Geodynamics, Museology : Collection of Scientific Works of the Museum of Earth Sciences of MSU]. Moscow, MGU Publ., 1997, no. 30, pp. 164—171. (In Russian)
- Predel’no dopustimye kontsentratsii (PDK) khimicheskikh veshchestv v vode vodnykh ob”ektov khozyaystvenno-pit’evogo i kul’turno-bytovogo vodopol’zovaniya : gigienicheskie normativy GN 2.1.5.689—98 [Maximum Permissible Concentration of Chemical Matters in the Water Objects of Household-Drinking, Cultural and Social Water Use : Health Standards GN 2.1.5.689—98]. Moscow, Minzdrav Rossii Publ., 1998. (In Russian)
- Predel’no dopustimye kontsentratsii (PDK) khimicheskikh veshchestv v pochve: gigienicheskie normy GN 2.1.7.2041—06 [Maximum Permissible Concentration of Chemical Matters in the Soil : Health Standards GN 2.1.7.2041—06]. Moscow, Rospotrebnadzor Publ., 2006, 15 p. (In Russian)
- Gigienicheskaya otsenka kachestva pochvy naselennykh mest : metodicheskie ukazaniya MU 2.1.7.730—99 [Sanitary Audit of Soil Quality of Populated Areas : Guidance MU 2.1.7.730—99]. Moscow, Minzdrav Rossii Publ., 1999, 38 p. (In Russian)
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Chernyshev Sergey Nikolaevich -
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)
Doctor of Geologo-Mineralogical Sciences, Professor, Department of Engineering Geology and Geoecology, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU), 26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation;
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.
Culture in ecology is a research area founded in Russia by Dmitry Sergeevich Likhachev in 1979. Like any science, it has its target of research (World Culture), its purpose — the preservation of national cultures, its own generalization method related to the method of ecology. Culture in ecology is a scientific discipline. It is not a part of the environment, as it has a separate subject of study. It can be considered a part of the noosphere theory. Culture as a whole is vast human creation, which includes creative, handicraft and other skills related to agriculture, development of the planet's resources, education and training of children, the highest ideals of human being, engineering, arts, protecting the environment and cultural heritage.Culture is a means of managing material noospheric objects. Culture ecology studies the creativity, engineering, and economic interactions in the society and their impact on the human environment, because it is closely connected to ecology. Culture ecology should be developed in order to manage the biosphere or even the noosphere as rationally constructed megasystem consisting of natural and man-made objects. Noosphere as an ideal state of the environment does not exist in reality. It is far from predation and barbarism in terms of using natural resources. Today the principles of culture ecology are based on the development of projects of recreating historic landscapes, historic buildings and structures for the purposes of modern society. In the report the author focuses on two examples of such work: the Cathedral of Christ the Savior in Moscow and the Frauenkirche in Dresden. They are the examples of constructions corresponding to the requirements for ecological facilities and cultural experience. They should be considered the islands of noosphere in the modern imperfect world and science. The combination of old and new is a tricky thing. It is easy to destroy the balance between old guardian of the spirit, and new functioning elements of the statutes for the modern society needs. It is easy to upset the balance and thus give rise for objections from one side or another. The debates on inclusion old and new parts should be going in the process of rebuilding objects in new social environment.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2013.12.123-130
References
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- Chernyshev S.N. Ekologiya kul'tury i sovremennye zadachi sokhraneniya arkhitekturnykh kompleksov [Ecology of Culture and Modern Problems of Preservation of Architectural Complexes]. Prirodnye usloviya stroitel'stva i sokhraneniya khramov pravoslavnoy Rusi: trudy 4-go Mezhdunarodnogo nauchno-prakticheskogo. simpoziuma [Proceedings of the 4th International Scientific and Practical Symposium "Natural Conditions for the Construction and Preservation of the Orthodox Churches of Russia" ]. Sergiev Posad, 2012, pp. 406—413.
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