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ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT. RESTRUCTURING AND RESTORATION

RESIDENTIAL ARCHITECTURE OF YEREVAN IN THE 20TH CENTURY. IDENTIFICATION OF THE MAIN STAGES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PLANNING STRUCTURE OF A DWELLING UNIT

Vestnik MGSU 5/2016
  • Azatyan Karen Rubenovich - National University of Architecture and Construction of Armenia (NUACA) Candidate of Architecture, Associate Professor, Department of Architectural Drafting and Architectural Environment Design, National University of Architecture and Construction of Armenia (NUACA), 105 Teryan str., Yerevan, 0009, Armenia; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 18-27

The article discusses some features of planning solutions of apartments in the architecture of Yerevan, which are typical to different periods, since the turn of 19-20th centuries to the present day. Housing is the chief determinant of human activity. In the process of societal development the house is the foundation of a family, and the family, on its turn, is the key to the stable state. Nevertheless, the time influences the residential architecture. Societal progress periodically affects the living environment. Therefore, housing formation process never reaches the stage of completion: it is always in an endless process of development. The above mentioned primarily concerns the evolution of the planning structure of the apartment. In this context, the dynamics of evolution of housing in Yerevan has accelerated in the second half of the 19th century. The centuries-generated space-planning system of apartment begins to develop in accordance with the rapid changes of social, urban planning and life processes of the time (extension of industry, formation of new socio-economic relations, rapid growth of population, acceleration of construction processes). The impetuous transformation of the dwelling structure is reflected in the complex process of evolution - starting from the traditional houses and ending with the apartments in high-rise buildings. The research of the problems of the traditional dwelling structure, its transformation in the first apartment buildings and diverse improvements of apartment planning solutions contributes to the definition of the main development stages of the dwelling units during the last century, which are observed in the article. Identification of the characteristics of each stage and the multilateral evaluation of different qualities of spatial-planning arrangement of apartments allow working out proper solutions for dwelling units in the future.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2016.5.18-27

References
  1. Sborshchikov S.B., Sborshchikova M.N. Razvitie metodov upravleniya programmami zhilishchnogo stroitel’stva na osnove prognozirovaniya [Development of the Control Methods of Housing Construction Programs Based on Prediction]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2011, no. 1—1, pp. 221—226. (In Russian)
  2. Subbotin O.S. Kharakternye tipy maloetazhnykh zhilykh zdaniy i istoricheskoe (etnokul’turnoe) rayonirovanie territorii severnogo Kavkaza [Specific Types of Low-Rise Residential Buildings and the Historical (Ethno-Cultural) Zoning of the North Caucasus Territory]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2009, no. 3, pp. 22—24. (In Russian)
  3. Azatyan K.R. Nachal’naya stadiya formirovaniya mnogokvartirnykh zhilykh domov v Erevane. Arkhitektura zhilykh sooruzheniy nachala XX veka [The Initial Stage of the Formation of Apartment Blocks in Yerevan. The Architecture of Residential Buildings in the Beginning of the 20th Century]. Sbornik nauchnykh trudov EGUAS [Proceedings of Yerevan State University of Architecture and Construction]. Erevan, 2010, vol. II (38), pp. 29—34. (In Russian)
  4. Gasparyan M.A. Arkhitektura Erevana XIX — nachala XX veka [Architecture of Yerevan in the 19th — early 20th century]. Erevan, Ushardzan Publ., 2008, 262 p. (In Russian)
  5. Shagov N.V., Verevkina I.D., Koksharova E.A. Razvitie tipovogo zhilishchnogo stroitel’stva v sovetskoy Rossii s 1917 po 1940 g. [Development of Standard Housing in Soviet Russia from 1917 till 1940]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2013, no. 4, pp. 22—31. (In Russian)
  6. Azatyan K.R. Planirovochnye i funktsional’nye resheniya kvartir v period formirovaniya arkhitektury mnogokvartirnykh domov Erevana [Planning and Functional Solutions of Apartments in Yerevan during the Formation of the Apartment-Block Architecture]. Sbornik nauchnykh trudov EGUAS [Proceedings of Yerevan State University of Architecture and Construction]. Erevan, 2013, vol. I (48), pp. 3—18. (In Russian)
  7. Dolukhanyan L.K. Arkhitektura Sovetskoy Armenii: 20-e gody [Architecture of the Soviet Armenia: 1920s]. Erevan, Sovetakan grokh Publ., 1980, 85 p. (In Russian)
  8. Gatsunaev K.N. Dom Narkomfina kak ob”ekt kul’turnogo naslediya [Narkomfin House as a Monument of Cultural Heritage]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2014, no. 7, pp. 7—17.
  9. Dudka E.N. Nerealizovannye konkursy 1920—1930-kh gg. v kontekste razvitiya arkhitekturnogo protsessa [Unrealized Competitions of the 1920—1930ies in the Context of the Architecture Development Process]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2012, no. 6, pp. 11—16. (In Russian)
  10. Zurabyan Z.A. Osobennosti arkhitektury zhilogo doma na nachal’nom etape raz-vitiya mnogokvartirnogo gorodskogo zhilishcha Erevana [Characteristics of a Dwelling House Architecture During the Development of the Apartment Urban Housing in Yerevan]. Sbornik nauchnykh trudov EGUAS [Proceedings of Yerevan State University of Architecture and Construction]. Erevan, 2010, vol. III (39), pp. 21—24. (In Russian)
  11. Zhdanova I.V. Metody povysheniya kachestva seriynoy zhiloy zastroyki 70—80-kh gg. XX v. [Methods of Improving the Quality of Serial Apartment Block of the 70—80s of the 20th Century]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of the Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2012, no. 1, pp. 22—26. (In Russian)
  12. Hakobyan T.D. Puti modernizatsii krupnopanel’nykh zhilykh zdaniy g. Erevana [Ways of Modernization of Large-Panel Residential Buildings in Yerevan]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2014, no. 12, pp. 9—19. (In Russian)
  13. Rashidyan G.G. Razvitie arkhitektury massovogo zhilishcha Armenii i zadachi so-vremennogo etapa [Development of the Architecture of Mass Housing in Armenia and the Problems of the Present Stage]. Erevan, 1999, 88 p. (In Russian)
  14. Rashidyan G.G., Azatyan K.R. Osobennosti arkhitektury novykh zhilykh rayonov massovoy zastroyki Erevana [The Features of Architecture of the Mass Housing in New Residential Areas in Yerevan]. Sbornik nauchnykh trudov EGUAS [Proceedings of Yerevan State University of Architecture and Construction]. Erevan, 2013, vol. IV (51), pp. 47—57. (In Russian)
  15. Azatyan K.R., Engoyan A.R., Khanoyan K.R. Usovershenstvovanie metoda tipovogo proektirovaniya zhilykh zdaniy v Erevane i vnedrenie blok-sektsionnoy sistemy v 1970-kh godakh [Improvement of the Standardized Design Methodology of Residential Buildings and Introduction of Bay System in Yerevan in 1970s]. Nauchnye trudy NUASA [Scientific Papers of National University of Architecture and Construction of Armenia]. Erevan, 2014, vol. III (54), pp. 3—12. (In Russian)
  16. Rashidyan G.G., Azatyan K.R., Engoyan A.R. Novye podkhody v arkhitekture zhil’ya Erevana v 1970-ykh godakh [New Approaches to the Residential Architecture in Yerevan in the 1970s]. Vestnik inzhenernoy akademii Armenii [Proceedings of Engineering Academy of Armenia]. 2013, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 699—703. (In Russian)
  17. Schroeder U. Variabel nutzbare Hauser und Wohnungen. Bauverlag GmbH. Weisbaden und Berlin, 1980.
  18. Pinchak L.A. Zhilishchnyy fond Ukrainy: sostav, struktura, statistika [Housing Stock of the Ukraine: Composition, Structure, Statistics]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2013, no. 9, pp. 118—124. (In Russian)

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Legislative and regulatory support of apartment buildings management

Vestnik MGSU 6/2014
  • Prokof'ev Konstantin Yur'evich - Pskov State University (PskovSU) Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Construction Organization and Real Estate Management, Pskov State University (PskovSU), 2 Lenina Square, Pskov, 180000; This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Pages 137-146

In the article the main legislation regulating apartment houses management activities is reviewed. Standards of apartment houses management are considered: the organization of rendering services and the performance of work, the services and the works provided, interaction with public authorities and local governments on the questions connected with a management of an apartment house. The documents, in which the requirements to providing favorable and safe conditions of accommodation of citizens in apartment houses, which have to be provided by means of technical service, are stated. The documents establishing the need to provide reliability and safety of apartment houses are considered; safety for life and health of citizens; safety and availability of using property; constant readiness of engineering communications and other equipment for providing utilities; observance of requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation on energy saving and on increasing power efficiency, etc. The documents governing the relations on providing utilities to owners and users of rooms in apartment houses are also considered, as well as the rules of granting, the order of the payment size establishing for utilities and changes in payment size when granting their inadequate quality; implementation of calculations and the conclusion of contracts of subjects of management in apartment houses with the utilities organization. Legislative requirements to the local governments’ activities are determined by creation of good conditions for apartment houses management. The evolution of legislative and regulatory support of apartment houses management is investigated. The conclusion of its dynamic development is drawn in all the activities connected to apartment houses management.

DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2014.6.137-146

References
  1. Geipele I., Geipele S., Plavina B., Stamure I. Pricing Principles of Apartment House Management in Latvia. International Conference on E-business: Management and Economics. Singapore, IACSIT Press, 2011, vol. 25, pp. 271—276.
  2. Puķīte I. The Potential of Apartment House Management. Proceedings of the International Conference: The Seventh Year as European Union Member States: Economics, Politics, Law. Riga, Baltic Centre for Strategic Studies, Latvian Academy of Sciences, 2011, pp. 114—126.
  3. Mandle M. The Economics of Housing Co-operatives Externalities. International Journal of Co-operative Management. 2013, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 25—34.
  4. Wemheuer С., Wendorf G. Increased Efficiency and Climate Protection in Housing Co-operatives through Residents Participation. International Journal of Co-operative Management. 2013, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 91—96.
  5. Nieboer N., Tsenkova S., Gruis V., van Hal A. Energy Efficiency in Housing Management: Policies and Practice in Eleven Countries. London, New York, Routledge, 2012, 256 p.
  6. Mishulina E.S. Mnogokvartirnyy zhiloy dom kak ob"ekt grazhdanskogo prava [Apartment House as an Object of Civil Law]. Obshchestvo i pravo [Society and Law]. 2009, no. 3, pp. 79—81.
  7. Rudakova E.N. Spory o prave sobstvennosti na obshchee imushchestvo v mnogokvartirnom dome [Disputes on the Property Right on the Common Property in Apartment House]. Ekonomika. Pravo. Pechat'. Vestnik KSEI [Economy. Law. Press. Proceedings of Social and Economic Institute of Kuban]. 2012, no. 1—2 (53—54), pp. 61—66.
  8. Tsakhoev A.N. Istoriya rossiyskogo zakonodatel'stva ob upravlenii mnogokvartirnymi domami [History of the Russian Legislation on Multiapartment Houses Management]. Vestnik Mezhdunarodnogo instituta ekonomiki i prava [Proceedings of the International Institute of Economy and Law]. 2011, no. 2, pp. 153—161.
  9. Kobzhitskaya N.Z., Kobzhitskiy A.V. Nekotorye pravovye voprosy upravleniya mnogokvartirnymi domami [Some Legal Issues of Apartment Houses Management]. Vestnik Irkutskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta [Proceedings of Irkutsk State Technical University]. 2014, no. 1 (84), pp. 206—210.
  10. Kuz'mina O.A. Problemy opredeleniya ponyatiya mnogokvartirnogo doma v ramkakh deystvuyushchego zakonodatel'stva Rossiyskoy Federatsii [Problems of Apartment House Definition in Frames of Legislation in Force]. Obshchestvo: politika, ekonomika, pravo [Society: Politics, Economy, Law]. 2014, no. 2, pp. 53—56.
  11. Kitsay Yu.A. Reformirovanie pravovogo regulirovaniya otnosheniy v sfere upravleniya mnogokvartirnymi domami upravlyayushchimi organizatsiyami [Reforming Legal Regulations of the Relations in Apartment Management by Mabaging Organizations]. Izvestiya Irkutskoy gosudarstvennoy ekonomicheskoy akademii (Baykal'skiy gosudarstvennyy universitet ekonomiki i prava) [News of Irkutsk State Economics Academy (Baykal State University of Economics and Law]. 2012, no. 4. Available at: http://eizvestia.isea.ru/reader/article.aspx?id=13858.
  12. Chelyshev M.Yu. O kontseptsii razvitiya zakonodatel'stva ob upravlenii mnogokvartirnymi domami [On the Development Concept of the Legislation on Apartment Houses Management]. Nauka i obrazovanie: khozyaystvo i ekonomika; predprinimatel'stvo; pravo i upravlenie [Science and Education: Economy; Business; Law and Management]. 2012, no. 8 (27), pp. 107—112.
  13. Prokof'ev K.Yu. Model' munitsipal'nogo virtual'nogo biznes-inkubatora kak elementa «sobstvennoy» infrastruktury podderzhki sub"ektov rynka uslug po upravleniyu mnogokvartirnymi domami [Model of Municipal Virtual Business Incubator as an Element of "Own" Infrastructure of Support of the Services Market Subjects in Apartment Houses Management]. Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Ekonomika i upravlenie [Proceedings of the Voronezh State University. Series: Economy and Management]. 2013, no. 2, pp. 114—117.
  14. Prokof'ev K.Yu. Razvitoe samoupravlenie v zhilishchnoy sfere kak odno iz usloviy formirovaniya konkurentnogo rynka uslug po upravleniyu mnogokvartirnymi domami [Developed Self-government in the Housing Sphere as One of Conditions for the Competitive Market of Services Formation in Apartment Houses Management]. Vestnik INZhEKONa. Seriya: Ekonomika [Proceedings of Saint Petersburg State Engineering and Economic University. Series: Economy]. 2012, no. 5 (56), pp. 326—329.
  15. Prokof'ev K.Yu. Upravlenie mnogokvartirnymi domami na rynke zhilishchnokommunal'nykh uslug (na primere g. Pskova) [Management of Apartment Houses on the Market of Housing-and-Municipal Services (on the Example of Pskov)]. Ekonomika i upravlenie [Economy and Management]. 2011, no. 8, pp. 58—62.

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