Interpretation features of classical orders of Vincenzo Brenna in the architecture of St. Petersburg of the late 18th century
Pages 15-25
The article analyzes the architectural details and column orders construction of an outstanding architect of Pavlovsk’s classicism Vincenzo Brenna. Architectural forms creation is an important but not well investigated area in the history of architecture. Knowledge of architectural elements enables us to better understand and explore the creativity of the architect, which is necessary for époque identifying and determining the authenticity of a monument and its elements. The name of Vincenzo Brenna stands apart among the architects of the late 18th century. Works of Brenna are significantly different from the works of the other architects of the period of strict classicism. His works were severely criticized and were almost forgotten, the authorship was disputable and the projects were fathered to other architects. Though the art works of Brenna are very significant for the image of Saint Petersburg. The article identifies individual elements of architectural decisions in the orders and decorations of Brenna’s facades manifested in the Baroque freedom of drawing elements order in combination with the classical solution rigor.
DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2015.4.15-25
- Grabar’ I.E. Istoriya russkogo iskusstva. T. 3. Peterburgskaya arkhitektura v XVIII i XIX veke [History of Russian Art. Vol. 3. Architecture of Saint Petersburg in 18th and 19th Century]. Moscow, I. Knebel’ Publ., 1912, 584 p. (In Russian)
- Lansere N.E. Vinchentso Brenna [Vincenzo Brenna]. Saint Petersburg, Kolo Publ., 2006, 286 p. (In Russian)
- Shvidkovskiy D.O. Arkhitekturnaya sud’ba Pavla I [Architectural Destiny of Paul I]. Rossiya v kraskakh [Russia in Colors]. Available at: http://ricolor.org/history/mn/pv/arh/. Date of access: 12.01.2015. (In Russian)
- Shvidkovskiy D.O. Anglo-russkie svyazi v arkhitekture vtoroy poloviny XVIII — nachala XIX stoletiya : avtoreferat dissertatsii doktora iskusstvovedeniya [Britain-Russia Relations in the Architecture of the Second Half of 18 — Early 19 Century : Thesis of the Doctor of Art Criticism]. Moscow, VNIITAG Publ., 1994, 47 p. (In Russian)
- Shuyskiy V.K. Vinchentso Brenna [Vincenzo Brenna]. Zodchie Sankt-Peterburga. XVIII vek [Architects of Saint Petersburg. 18th Century]. Saint Petersburg, 1997, pp. 770—827. (In Russian)
- Shuyskiy V.K. Zolotoy vek barokko i klassitsizma v Sankt-Peterburge [Golden Age of Baroque and Classicism in Saint Petersburg]. Moscow, Tsentrpoligraf Publ.; Saint Petersburg, MIM-Del’ta Publ., 2008, 288 p. (In Russian)
- Shvidkovskiy D.O., Revzina Yu.E. Kogda rodilas’ klassicheskaya arkhitektura i est’ li u nee budushchee? [When the Classical Architecture was Born and What Kind of Future Doest it Have?]. Dom Burganova. Prostranstvo kul’tury [The House of Burganov. Cultural Space]. 2014, no. 2, pp. 15—32. (In Russian)
- Vin’ola Dzh. Pravilo pyati orderov arkhitektury : sbornik [The Rool of Five Orders in the Architecture]. Translated from Italian. Moscow, Vsesoyuznaya akademiya arkhitektury Publ., 1939, 168 p. (Klassiki teorii arkhitektury [Classics of Architectural Theory]). (In Russian)
- Palladio A. Chetyre knigi ob arkhitekture [Four Books on Architecture]. Translated from Italian. by I.V. Zholtovskiy. Reprint. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1989, 350 p. (In Russian)
- Barabanova O.A. Dzhakomo Kvarengi i Klod-Nikolya Ledu [Giacomo Quarenghi and Claude-Nicolas Ledoux]. Izvestiya Ural’skogo federal’nogo universiteta. Seriya 2: Gumanitarnye nauki [News of the Ural Federal University. Series 2. Humanities]. 2006, vol. 47, no. 12, pp. 119—130. (In Russian)
- Ketova K.S. Istoriograficheskiy obzor i analiz stepeni izuchennosti biografii grafa F.B. Rastrelli [Historiographical Review and Analysis of Exploration Degree of Count F.B. Rastrelli Biography]. Zhurnal nauchnykh publikatsiy aspirantov i doktorantov [Journal of Scientific Publications of Postgraduate and Doctoral Srudents]. 2011, no. 4 (58), pp. 40—43. (In Russian)
- Blondel F. Cours d’architecture. Paris, 1675—1683. Available at: http://archgrafika.ru/news/francois_blondel_cours_d_architecture_enseigne_dans_l_academie_royale_d_architecture/2008-11-11-18. Date of access: 12.01.2015.
- Blondel J.-F. Cours d’Architecture ou traite de la decoration, distribution et construction de batimens. Paris, vol. 9, pp. 1771—1777. Available at: http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k857044. Date of access: 12.01.2015.
- Laugier M.-A. Essay on Architecture. Paris, 1755. Available at: https://archive.org/stream/essayonarchitect00laugrich#page/n7/mode/2up. Date of access: 12.01.2015.
- Shvidkovskiy D.O. Puti razvitiya rossiyskoy arkhitektury [Ways of Russian Architectural Development]. Prostranstvo i Vremya [Space and Time]. 2013, no. 1 (11), pp. 103—116. (In Russian)
- Shvidkovskiy D.O. Ekaterina II i Pavel I : Politicheskie otnosheniya v arkhitekture [Katherine II and Paul I : Political Relations in Architecture]. Istoricheskiy zhurnal: nauchnye issledovaniya [Historical Journal: Scientific Investigations]. 2011, no. 6, pp. 84—94. (In Russian)
- Sementsov S.V. Etapy formirovaniya prostranstvennoy sredy Sankt-Peterburga [Stages of Space Environment Formation in Saint Peterburg]. Vestnik grazhdanskikh inzhenerov [Proceedings of Civil Engineers]. 2006, no. 2, pp. 15—20. (In Russian)
- Nikiforova L.V. Kul’turnaya istoriya ordera: muzhskoe/zhenskoe v obrazakh ordernoy arkhitektury XVIII stoletiya [Cultural History of the Order: Male/Female in Order Architecture Forms of the 18th Century]. Obshchestvo. Sreda. Razvitie [Society. Environment. Development]. 2011, no. 4, pp. 158—162. (In Russian)
- Lebedeva G.S. Arkhitekturnaya teoriya Vitruviya [Architectural Theory of Vitruvius]. Iskusstvoznanie [Art Criticism]. 2009, no. 3—4, pp. 5—34. (In Russian)
- Kal’nitskaya E.Ya. Tsvetnoy kamen’ v istorii i restavratsii Mikhaylovskogo zamka [Colored Stones in History and Restoration of St. Michael’s Castle]. Izvestiya Ural’skogo federal’nogo universiteta. Seriya 2: Gumanitarnye nauki [News of the Ural Federal University. Series 2. Humanities]. 2008, vol. 59, no. 16, pp. 259—269. (In Russian)
- Mikhaylovskiy zamok. Restavratsiya i novye proekty v istoricheskikh inter’erakh [St. Michael’s Castle. Restoration and New Projects in Historical Interiors]. Vestnik. Zodchiy. 21 vek [Bulletin. Architect. 21st Century]. 2014, no. 4 (53), pp. 60—65. (In Russian)