Variants of reshaping the objects of the industrial heritage, including the buildings of transport infrastructure located in central districts of historical towns are analyzed in the article. The evolution of the development of depots for maintaining and repairing the locomotives is represented. The uniqueness of the complex of buildings of Nikolaevskaya Railway in Moscow, an integrated historical and architectural ensemble, is noted. At the present moment one of few preserved buildings is a circular depot in the center of Moscow. The loss of this unique specimen of industrial architecture of the middle of 19th century would be an irreplaceable loss for the cultural heritage of the nation. The only way of its rescue from full destruction is its restoration and inclusion in the contemporary life of the city. The method of possible variants of the contemporary usage of historical building-monuments of the industrial heritage is proposed, which secures their safety on the basis of self-repayment. The preferable variants for reshaping the building of circular depot in Moscow are considered on the basis of qualitative criteria. Keeping in mind the location of the depot near railway stations - the sources of the main contingent being in need of short-term rent - the variant of placing a hotel-touristic center in the depot was chosen. This corresponds to the basic direction of the State Program of the City of Moscow for the period of 2012-2016, which provides the development of the hotel chain at the expense of the reconstruction and the creation of the touristic infrastructure. The authors considered in the article the variant of usage of the depot as a multifunctional hotel complex gives the possibility to solve the problem of shortage of two-stars hotels in the center of Moscow and, what is very important, to preserve the monument in an undistorted appearance.

The most widely used numerical method used in linear calculation of building structures is finite element method in traditional form of displacements. Different software is developed on its basis. Though it is only possible to check the certainty of these numerical solutions, especially of non-linear tasks of engineering structures’ deformation by the coincidence of the results obtained by two different methods. The authors solved geometrically nonlinear task of the static deformation of a flat hinged-rod system consisting of five linear elastic rods undergoing great tension-compression strains. The solution was obtained basing on the finite element method in the form of classical mixed method developed by the authors. The set of all equilibrium states of the system, both stable and unstable, and all the limit points were found. The certainty of the solution was approved by the coincidence of the results obtained by other authors basing on traditional finite element method in displacements.

Masonry is a complex multicomponent composite composed of dissimilar materials (brick / stone and mortar). The process of masonry deformation under load depends on the mechanical characteristics of the basic composite materials, as well as of the parameters belonging to the elements, which define the link between brick and mortar being the structural elements. The paper provides an analysis of the experimental study results of masonry behaviour in two-dimensional stress state at primary stresses of opposite signs; identifies the mechanisms of masonry failure that are in compliance with the conditions of stress state. The work shows the key role that structural elements play in the formation of masonry failure processes. On the basis of failure mechanisms educed from the experiments, there was developed a discrete model of masonry. The processes and the corresponding strength criteria, which play a key role in the implementation of plastic deformation phase, have been detected. It has been shown that the plastic deformation of masonry under biaxial stresses occurs in case of the physical linear behavior of the basic materials (brick and mortar). It has been also substantiated that the plastic properties of masonry under biaxial stresses are determined by the processes occurring at the contact interaction nodes between brick and mortar in bed and cross joints. The values of the plasticity coefficients for masonry depending on the mechanical properties of a brick, a mortar and adhesive strength in their interaction have been obtained basing on the results of the performed numerical investigations.

The problem of filtering a suspension of tiny solid particles in a porous medium is considered. The suspension with constant concentration of suspended particles at the filter inlet moves through the empty filter at a constant speed. There are no particles ahead of the front; behind the front of the fluid flow solid particles interact with the porous medium. The geometric model of filtration without effects caused by viscosity and electrostatic forces is considered. Solid particles in the suspension pass freely through large pores together with the fluid flow and are stuck in the pores that are smaller than the size of the particles. It is considered that one particle can clog only one small pore and vice versa. The precipitated particles form a fixed deposit increasing over time. The filtration problem is formed by the system of two quasi-linear differential equations in partial derivatives with respect to the concentrations of suspended and retained particles. The boundary conditions are set at the filter inlet and at the initial moment. At the concentration front the solution of the problem is discontinuous. By the method of potential the system of equations of the filtration problem is reduced to one equation with respect to the concentration of deposit with a boundary condition in integral form. An asymptotic solution of the filtration equation is constructed near the concentration front. The terms of the asymptotic expansions satisfy linear ordinary differential equations of the first order and are determined successively in an explicit form. For verification of the asymptotics the comparison with the known exact solutions is performed.

At the present time settlement, land use and resources-use systems existing on most of the territory of Russia are still poorly estimated, they are poorly adapted to contemporary economic situation and the possibilities of their efficient use are not analyzed. The majority of archive and statistical information about the territories is out of date, because in had been collected and analyzed in the end of 1980s. Such information can’t be the basis for constructing a plan of prospective development. The article is dedicated to the currency and advantages of the use of innovative methods of laser scanning for solving the problems of spatial planning, design, reconstruction and construction. Some information on the world experience of using laser scanning is offered as an exemplification of flexibility and efficiency of their use in different branches of business activity. It is suggested to implement the methods of laser scanning for the tasks of the further creation of geographic information system on the territory of the Russian Federation containing current data information. The author also gives examples of the use and the advantages of laser scanning of Baikal-Amur Mainline and Trans-Siberian areas, laser scanning of the highway “High-speed network Moscow-Kazan”, highway M-4 Don.

The authors describe the reasons for the destruction and the difficult process of restoring old stone churches built before 1917. The article notes the difference between these processes in the village and in the city. In the villages a large number of churches are in emergency condition, but continue to be operated as intended, i.e. for divine service. The article gives the classification of the causes for the destruction process of old rural churches. At the present time old temples usually destruct due to the lack of timely rehabilitation works. Recovery is hindered by the high cost of a comprehensive inspection and restoration. The work can be greatly reduced if the goal is not restoration, but conservation and prevention of an emergency condition. The authors come to the conclusion that the survey of rural churches as opposed to urban ones has the main goals: to determine the state category, to provide space in which the religious services may be held, for example, in the summer, and to provide materials for preservation of the part of the building, the operation of which is impossible. The problems of preservation of the architectural decor and restoration of items are not considered in such an inspection. Such a survey can be called “Express survey”. Express survey is conducted for a short time with a small group of specialists. The examination includes visual examination, thorough photographic images, study of the geological history of the area, interviews with the residents, description of the defects, which reduce the reliability of the building, recommendations for the strengthening of structures, conservation and monitoring frequencies. The works on measurement and determination of the strength of materials must be minimized. For more efficient operation, it is proposed to amend the regulations or create a separate document in addition to the known norms regulating the work using a rapid survey.

The problem of applying copper manufacturing wastes locating in Chelyabinsk region as a component of organic mineral admixture for concrete with industrial wastes production is considered in this article. Also, organic mineral admixture consisting of superplasticizers, based on esters with carboxyl groups, has not yet been sufficiently studied due to the diversity of species and the complexity of chemical structure. This trend is current for today’s science because of the growing rates and scales of building production, in particular, concrete works. Using new complex admixtures processed of industrial by-products showed their effectiveness. Copper slag dumps located in Urals federal district haven’t been widely used in building production or in other industrial production up to the present time. Efficient utilization of copper production waste materials will help to solve the ecological problems in most regions of Russia. The structure formation period of cement stone with organic mineral admixture, based on fine grinding cooper slag and superplasticizer, is also studied in the article. The thermal variation diagram of concrete mixture with organic mineral admixture during 22 hours of hardening under normal condition are shown and the results of ultrasound of concrete forming structure period during 6 hours of hardening are presented in this article. The strength development process diagram of concrete with organic mineral admixture during 28 days of hardening under normal condition and the research results of the compressive strength of concrete samples are also presented. The obtained characteristics confirm the prospects of applying this kind of non-ferrous metallurgy wastes in the concrete. Also, the obtained results allow us to conclude the significant advantages of using this kind of complex admixture for concrete production with different purpose and in different fields of application.

Currently, the successful development of the construction industry depends on the improved energy performance of buildings, structures and facilities, as well as on the quality assurance of the indoor climate. The problem of feasibly more accurate estimation of energy consumption by heating systems in buildings is a very high-priority task now because of the decrease of energy and fuel sources and because of actualization of building standards in the Russian Federation. That’s why it is very important to find simple but enough accurate dependences between the climatic parameters in the heating season of the year. The modern principles accepted in Russia and European countries for the selection of the design climate information for the design of building envelopes and systems to ensure building microclimate are considered. Shortcomings of the methods, including the concept of “typical year”, are shown and the advantages of generating climate data arrays programmatically with the use of a pseudorandom number generator are described. The comparison of the results of the calculation of non-stationary thermal regime of a ventilated room is presented using numerical modeling with daily average temperature of the external air during the month, according to climate data and the results of software generation. The principal coincidence of the statistical distribution of outdoor temperatures and the behavior of indoor air temperature on both options and the possibility of implementation of probabilistic-statistical principle of climatic data for some calculations relating to outdoor enclosures and thermal regime of the building are shown. The obtained model is easy to use in the engineering practice especially during preliminary calculations. The presentation is illustrated with numerical and graphical examples.

One of the modern methods of the experimental investigation of water flows turbulence is the method of Laser Doppler Anemometry. At the present time a measuring system “LAD-056” (Russia) is operating in the laboratory of the Department of Hydraulics of MGSU. The authors conducted an analysis of the requirements to experimental data when calculating turbulent characteristics of water flows. The article shows the necessity of checking the database of ripple continuity over time and the required representation of the number of points in the implementation. The results of experiments are presented showing the importance of fixing the length of the implementation and testing time. The authors offered a method of determining the optimal spatial coordinates for the measurement to minimize the time of filling the base of experimental data. According to the methods of defining optimal coordinate domain when measuring turbulent water flows with the use of “LAD-056” in a rectangular channel with glass walls in was established that it is required to conduct measurements within the range from 0 to 120 mm from the closest side wall. In case of greater deepening it is required to use illuminators reducing deflections of laser beams.

N THE ARTICLE THE AUTHOR’S TECHNIQUE OF ESTIMATING THE FLOW HETEROGENEITY OF A ROCK MASS OF WATERWORKS FOUNDATION IS CONSIDERED. THE METHOD FOR ALLOCATING THE ENGINEERING-GEOLOGICAL ELEMENTS ON THE BASIS OF THE FILTRATION HETEROGENEITY OF ROCKY SOILS IS UPDATED ON THE EXAMPLE OF BOGUCHANSKAYA HPP ON THE ANGARA RIVER. THE AUTHORS INVESTIGATED THE APPLICABILITY OF THE PROPOSED METHODS FOR DETERMINING THE FILTRATION INHOMOGENEITY OF A ROCK FOUNDATION OF HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES IN ORDER TO BETTER HIGHLIGHT THE ENGINEERING-GEOLOGICAL ELEMENTS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE BOGUCHANY HYDROELECTRIC COMPLEX. WHEN ANALYZING THE FACTUAL MATERIAL BY THE RESULTS OF ABOUT 1000 FILTRATION EXPERIMENTS FROM GEOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND IN ORDER TO SEPARATE THE DATA, WE HAVE IDENTIFIED THREE ROCKY SOIL MASSES. THE FIRST MASSIF IS THE RIGHT BANK OF THE FOLDED THICKNESS OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS THAT SLOPE TOWARDS THE RIVER AND IS SUBJECT TO SIGNIFICANT SUPERGENE CHANGES. THE SECOND MASSIF INCLUDES UNDERFLOW AND LEFT-COAST SEDIMENTARY ROCKS, WHICH ARE LESS ALTERED BY SUPERGENE PROCESSES THAN THE RIGHT COAST FOR A NUMBER OF REASONS. THE THIRD ARRAY CONSISTS OF DOLERITE UNDER THE RIVERBED AND ON THE RIGHT BANK. FOR THESE THREE ARRAYS ACCORDING TO THE RESULTS OF THE FILTRATION EXPERIMENTS, WE HAVE BUILT HISTOGRAMS OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF LGQ AND DIFFERENTIAL CURVES OF DISTRIBUTION OF THE SPECIFIC ABSORPTION FOR DOLERITES IN THE AREA KODINSKY OF THE BOGUCHANSKAYA HPP. THEN IN THE HISTOGRAM WE IDENTIFIED THE CORRESPONDING VALUES OF THE MODAL COMPONENTS OF THE DISTRIBUTION AND FOUND THE STATISTICAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR EACH OF THE SELECTED DISTRIBUTIONS, AS WELL AS THE MEAN VALUE AND THE VARIANCE. FOR FURTHER OPERATIONS, WE COMPUTED THE STANDARD DEVIATION S FOR EACH OF THE DISTRIBUTIONS. THE DEGREE OF FRACTURE IS EVALUATED BY TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE INDICATOR OF PERMEABILITY, THEREFORE, THE MAIN GEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CRACKS ARE THEIR WIDTH AND LENGTH, AND ONLY AFTER ALL THIS WILL TAKE INTO ACCOUNT THEIR FREQUENCY. THEN WE BEGIN SEARCHING THE LOCATIONS ON A SECTION OF FRACTURE ZONES, WHICH CORRESPOND TO THE COMPONENTS IN THE DISTRIBUTION FORMULA. SO WE DISTINGUISH THE SUMMANDS OF THE SUM ON THE FORMULA DISTRIBUTION: FOR SEDIMENTARY ROCKS OF THE RIVERBED - 3; FOR DOLERITE - 3; FOR A MASSIF OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS ON THE RIGHT BANK WITH THE MOST COMPLEX STRUCTURE - 6 ZONES WITH DIFFERENT FRACTURE. THE DETERMINATION OF ZONES WITH DIFFERENT FRACTURING IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE DESCRIBED PROCEDURE ALLOWED US TO CONSTRUCT A RESULTING FILTRATION SECTION FOR THE THREE MASSIFS. AS A RESULT, ACCORDING TO THE ABOVE METHOD, BASED ON THE ANALYSIS OF FACTUAL MATERIAL, INCLUDING THE RESULTS OF NUMEROUS FILTRATION EXPERIMENTS, THE AUTHORS CONSTRUCTED THE RESULTING FILTRATION HYDROGEOLOGICAL SECTION. THIS TECHNIQUE IS STATISTICAL AND GENETIC IN NATURE, THEREFORE IT SEEMS MORE EFFECTIVE COMPARED WITH THE METHOD OF REGRESSION ANALYSIS RECOMMENDED IN THE APPENDIX TO SNIP. THUS, THE PROPOSED FORMALIZED METHODOLOGY FOR THE SEPARATION OF ROCK SOILS LOCATED AT THE BASE OF HPP TO INDIVIDUAL ENGINEERING-GEOLOGICAL ELEMENTS ACCORDING TO THE RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTAL MASS FILTRATION TESTING OF DRILLING WELLS HAS ALLOWED US TO ISOLATE THE HETEROGENEOUS FRACTURE PERMEABILITY AND GEOTECHNICAL ELEMENTS IN THE BASIS OF HPP (IN THE CASE OF THE BOGUCHANSKAYA HPP, WE HAVE IDENTIFIED 11 ENGINEERING-GEOLOGICAL ELEMENTS), AND ALLOWED US TO FIND THE BOUNDARIES OF ENGINEERING-GEOLOGICAL ELEMENTS IN GEOLOGICAL CROSS-SECTIONS. IN ADDITION, WE DETERMINED THE EFFECTIVE VALUES OF FILTRATION COEFFICIENT FOR EACH ENGINEERING-GEOLOGICAL ELEMENT INDICATING THE CONFIDENCE INTERVALS FOR THE MEAN VALUE AT THE 95 % CONFIDENCE LEVEL.

This article considers building information modeling (BIM) maturity levels as an ability to operate BIM technology both at an individual project and across the enterprise. The main indicator of BIM implementation maturity is the level of technological and organizational changes in a company. 3 levels of BIM maturity according to BIM Task Group are shown. This article shows some basic criteria of effective BIM-technology implementation. The core transformation is process reengineering, which gives a vector to all subsequent changes including conversion of organizational structure and material and technical equipment. In this regard, the early stages of BIM implementation major cost falls on process reengineering, especially on the transition from CAD to BIM. The radical conversion of work processes entails a review of the staff of the company in terms of the structure and qualification. Other types of BIM implementation investments for the subsequent stages of the project consist of the costs on structural changes, staff education, technical provision and infrastructure development. In order to estimate the investment in the process of implementing BIM all of the costs must be presented in monetary equivalent. This process is complicated by the necessity of converting high-quality information and time parameters, so it is advisable to appeal to the expert evaluation of the data. In addition to monetary costs of the implementation process there are some immeasurable ones. It is vital to take into account the losses associated with the absence of employees in the workplace at the time of re-education, as well as the costs of the process of evaluating the effectiveness of BIM.

No doubt that the accounting information in financial and economic life of society is very significant. The actions of economic agents depend on the quality and completeness of the accounting information. An accounting policy of an enterprise is a certain system of ways of accounting, which is approved by the enterprise to help all concerned to get full and correct accounting information. Making solutions on the basis of key performance indicators gives opportunity to analyze the minimal number of quantitative indexes essential for an enterprise, which reflect the degree of achieving the stated goals. The key indicators are the indicators of performance efficiency of both the departments and the enterprise as a whole. A balanced system of indicators helps classifying the key efficiency indicators and establishing interrelation between strategic and operational performance level. The article describes the elements of accounting, in particular methods of assignment to production use of inventory, from the point of their impact on key economic indicators and, consequently, on the overall strategy of the construction enterprise.

Institutional approach to the research of leasing in modern conditions is considered in the article. Formal and informal institutions of the leasing relations are investigated. Ratios of public and subjective expenses and benefits in institutional system of leasing are shown. Features of interaction of agents of the leasing relations, their interests and tendency to manifestation of opportunistic behavior are investigated. The typology of mechanisms of implementation of institutional changes is considered. The need of structural changes of the institutes of leasing relations is proved. It is offered to introduce “institution of engineering” in the structure of institutions of leasing relations. It will allow providing harmonization of the interests of the agents of leasing relations, decreasing their opportunistic behavior, and reducing the transactional expenses of the participants of leasing. It will promote prevention of their opportunistic behavior and reduction of transaction expenses of the participants of leasing. In our opinion, “the institution of leasing” is a set of formal and informal rules, norms and mechanisms of enforcement of their performance (institutes of property, financial rent (leasing), crediting, insurance and other institutes of leasing relations), which govern the property and economic relations, the arising relations with acquisition of ownership and its subsequent assignment for use for a certain time with payment. These norms and rules are necessary for ensuring stability and definiteness in the relations between the participants of leasing, and also for protection of their rights and economic interests.

The concept of a geoinformation system for urban geoenvironment is concerned. Geological data is necessary for the sustainable development of city infrastructure. The municipal departments should use geological and environmental information for perspective planning, selecting the location for important infrastructure objects, solving ecologycal problems, and in decision making. The concept includes a preliminary list of system’s users, their informational needs, main functionalities, methodical approaches to the system design and development. Geological data must contain source documents from geological archives “as is” and geodata based on its interpretation for various tasks. These data must be checked carefully and updated with new engineering-geological investigations. Geoinformation system must integrate various geological, engineering-geological, hydrogeological, and environmental data. Sophisticated procedures must be provided to check complicated logical dependences in the system database and to analyze contradictions between source documents. 3D modeling is an adequate language for presenting geological data, therefore, the considered system must include 3D models of various scales. In the suggested concept 3D modeling is considered as a tool for investigations, not only for presentations. The end users should have possibilities to get results of their queries in various formats: tables, geological and thematic maps, geological cross-sections, 2D and 3D grids as source data for mathematical modeling, etc. In conclusion, the paper briefly describes IEG RAS activities in GIS technologies for geological cartography and 3D modeling.

Setting standards of thermal resistance of building envelopes is a current task related with energy saving and energy efficiency of building envelopes. The problem of choosing the factor determining the standard thermal resistance also stays current even after updating of the Construction Norms. The author consider the concept of norming the thermal resistance of building envelope, in which the temperature of the inner surface of a building envelope providing comfortable temperature conditions in premises. The main task of an architect, who is designing an energy efficient building envelope is providing comfortable conditions in premises both in cold and warm periods of the year. The temperature of the inner surface of building envelopes should be included into the construction norms as the main criterion providing comfortable air temperature in premises.

In the process of state structure transformation in the Russian Federation in 1990-2010s the legal base was greatly changed. In the process of these changes the issues of topographic plans of the territories indented for building and inter-settlement territories were almost withdrawn from legal and normative-technical regulation. As a result the legal status of city geological services and the accumulated materials the same as the whole activity on topographic plans’ maintenance is now out of the unified legal and normative framework. At the same time old technologies of creating and updating topographic plans is now beneath criticism in terms of effectiveness and quality of the obtained results. The authors consider the problem of creating, updating and use of topographic plans of urban settlements. Brief historical background of the topic is given, the existing information technologies and suggestions on the changes in the regulatory framework of urban development activity are described.