The technology of artificial intelligence is actively being mastered in the world but there is not much talk about the capabilities of artificial intelligence in construction industry and this issue requires additional elaboration. As a rule, the decision to invest in a particular construction project is made on the basis of an assessment of the organizational and technological reliability of the construction process. Artificial intelligence can be a convenient quality tool for identifying, analyzing and subsequent control of the “pure” risks of the construction project, which not only will significantly reduce the financial and time expenditures for the investor’s decision-making process but also improve the organizational-technological reliability of the construction process as a whole. Subject: the algorithm of creation of artificial intelligence in the field of identification and analysis of potential risk events is presented, which will facilitate the creation of an independent analytical system for different stages of construction production: from the sketch to the working documentation and conduction of works directly on the construction site. Research objectives: the study of the possibility, methods and planning of the algorithm of works for creation of artificial intelligence technology in order to improve the organizational-technological reliability of the construction process. Materials and methods: the developments in the field of improving the organizational and technological reliability of construction were studied through the analysis and control of potential “pure” risks of the construction project, and the work was also carried out to integrate the technology of artificial intelligence into the area being studied. Results: An algorithm for creating artificial intelligence in the field of identification of potential “pure” risks of construction projects was presented. Conclusions: the obtained results are useful for working out practical steps for mastering the technology of artificial intelligence in order to improve the organizational and technological reliability of the construction process.

To date, many years’ experience in the construction and operation of high-rise buildings has been accumulated. Its analysis reveals not only the engineering and organizational-technological specifics of such projects, but also systemic gaps in the field of management. In the implementation of large-scale and unique projects for high-rise buildings, the problems and tasks of improving approaches to managing the full life cycle of projects and methods, which will improve their competitiveness, become topical. The systems being used have largely exhausted their resource efficiency, which is associated with automation of traditional “inherited” processes and management structures, as well as development of IT-systems focused on digitalization of the activities of construction company, rather than the project. To solve these problems, it is proposed to carry out: reengineering of the schemes of information interaction between the project’s participants; formation of integrated digital environment for the life cycle of the project; development of systems for integrating data management and project management. Subject: problems, approaches and methods of digitalization of project’s life cycle management in relation to the specifics and features of high-rise buildings. Research objectives: substantiation of the most perspective approaches and methods of information modeling of high-rise construction as the basis for managing the full life cycle of the given project. Materials and methods: the experience of digitalization of design, construction, operation and development of high-rise buildings, presented in specialized literature, is analyzed. The methods for integrating information models of various stages of project’s life cycle and for information interaction of project’s participants are considered. Results: the concept of forming a single digital environment for the project is proposed, taking into account the features of the life cycle of high-rise buildings, which, unlike the systems being currently used, is not targeted at the company or production but on the project. The topicality of organizational reengineering of schemes of information interaction between the project’s participants is substantiated. It is shown that consolidation of methods and technologies for data management and project management should become the basis for strategic management of the project’s full life cycle. Conclusions: analysis of the accumulated experience in the development of unique and large-scale projects of high-rise buildings shows that managing the life cycle of the high-rise development project is a topical and unsolved problem that requires serious scientific and project research. The existing concepts and schemes for the project’s life cycle management and the interaction between all participants of the high-rise construction project should be substantially modernized taking into account the use of capabilities of digital modeling of the project (BIM - Building Information Modeling) together with technologies for support of its life cycle (Continuous Acquisition and Life Cycle Support). At the same time, the development of an integrated information environment for the project’s life cycle should be based on the integration of data management and project management, which will ensure a multiple increase in the efficiency and competitiveness of a high-rise building project at all stages of its life cycle.

In hearth furnaces, the firewood is burned more cleanly with less carbon monoxide at the outlet. The disadvantage of such fireboxes is a longer process of coal burnout than in grate-fired furnaces. In furnaces with a grate, the burnout time of coals is less, which makes it possible to finish the combustion process more quickly and close the outlet latch. This increases the efficiency of the furnace but to further reduce the time of burning out the coals they have to be raked and burned on the grate. This complicates the process of operating the furnace itself. The proposed design of the compound firebox allows us to improve characteristics of both the firebox itself and the entire furnace. Research objectives: creation and study of a compound firebox that increases the efficiency of the furnace and simplifies the furnace maintenance process with the values of carbon monoxide at the outlet comparable to hearth furnaces. Materials and methods: a detailed analysis of hearth fuel chambers ECO+ was carried out according to the amount of carbon monoxide at the outlet. The results of the analysis are used for comparison with compound fuel chamber. The structure of the compound firebox was chosen based on the results of preliminary tests of several fuel chambers proposed and tested by the author in the furnace PDKSh-2.0. A peculiarity of the structure of the compound firebox is the absence of a grate and the presence of a narrow slit in the lower part of the firebox through which the incoming air enters the firewood. Between the walls of the firebox and firewood, skids are installed, forming an air gap, through which the inlet air is uniformly supplied to the entire firewood supply. With gradual combustion of firewood and formation of coal, the firewood descends to the bottom of the firebox, where they intensively burn out in the maximum air flow. Compound firebox consists of several parts, it is made of steel with a thickness of 4.0 mm and installed into the furnace fire through the fuel entry door. In studying the combustion of firewood process, a gas analyzer and an anemometer are used. Results: the results of the test of the compound firebox showed that the combustion of firewood in it is more even and takes more time. The time of burnout of coals was reduced by 40...50 %. The actual value of the furnace efficiency is increased by 2...3 %, and the СО emissions are comparable with the ECO+ furnaces. Conclusions: compound firebox without a grate can be recommended for use in household furnaces for various purposes.

Subject: in this paper, the results of some tests are presented for two variants of strengthened joints of support of reinforced concrete flat slabs onto columns with the arrangement of capitals on the upper surface of the flat slab. Research objectives: the tests were conducted to confirm the rationality and reliability of the design solutions of reinforcement. Materials and methods: the tests were performed by loading selected joints of reinforced concrete building’s frameworks under construction conditions. The joints were strengthened by reinforced concrete capitals or in combination with the steel girdle. Results: the experimental data on the response of joints under study was obtained. The analysis of the stress-strain state of the joints was carried out. Practical advantages and disadvantages of such joints were described.

Subject: the paper considers the development of a method for liquid media dispersion using a high-potential electrostatic field. The existing methods for dispersing liquid media used in industry nowadays have both a number of advantages and disadvantages, the main ones being: the heterogeneity of the particles in size and the increased energy costs for the dispersion process. The analysis of literature sources has shown that with regard to the dispersion of food products during the drying process, the electrostatic dispersion method has encouraging results. This induces great interest in approbation of the electrostatic dispersion method for a wide range of substances, as applied to other industries. To assess the potential of this method, experimental studies were carried out on the dispersion of liquids with electrically conducting, semiconducting and dielectric properties. Research objectives: obtain dependence of dispersity of spray (with an average diameter of droplets) on flow rate and voltage of the high-voltage power supply unit. Materials and methods: to achieve the goal, an experimental device was developed consisting of several functional blocks that allow us to change the flow rate of the medium being atomized, as well as the intensity and geometry of the electrostatic field. During development of the experimental device, in order to select the main equipment, the voltage outputted by the high-voltage power supply unit, as well as its power, were estimated. The results of the experiments (dispersion process) were recorded using digital photo equipment, which allowed us to determine the sizes of the dispersion particles on the basis of their comparison with the reference value. Results: it has been experimentally confirmed that the electrostatic dispersion method makes it possible to obtain a spray with predefined dispersity parameters at high degree of homogeneity. Conclusions: the experiments confirmed the working capacity of the given method of liquid medium dispersion. As a result of processing of the experimental data, a range of voltages was determined at which the change in the dispersity is the most intense. The obtained data form the basis for the development of dispersion devices for various industries.

Subject: indicators of modern economic growth in construction, published by the government agencies, reflect individual directions of growth. At the same time, the analysis of the reasons for the unachieved results is conducted by various researchers primarily from the standpoint of the inadequacy of economic and other resources. This article deals with the problem of ensuring the growth of construction enterprises from the viewpoint of systemic barriers, and in this regard, these barriers are defined as the subject of the present research. Research objectives: studying the concept of barrier market restrictions, their impact on the activities of construction companies. Materials and methods: statistical data in the field of housing construction, provided by the Ministry of Construction of the Russian Federation and Rosstat, is examined to solve the given tasks set. The content of state programs and activities of state institutions in the field of support and development of construction activities is considered. Based on investigations of sustainable economic development, an understanding of the constraints and incentives for development is revealed. Results: we have identified the content of barrier market restrictions, which are not possible to overcome only by involving additional economic resources in the turnover. The ways of confronting these restrictions are shown. Conclusions: it was shown that implementation of promising activities is impossible without overcoming various systemic constraints. Their structure is described in sufficient detail. Principles of economic sustainable development are proposed. It was proved that the reserve system can serve as an effective way to overcome market barriers.

Subject: management of operating modes of road-building machines, taking into account the implementation of the concept of information modeling of the road. We have reviewed the status and the development problems for directions of improving the control systems of road-construction machine processes. In this work we focus on the road construction stage “laying asphalt-concrete - compaction”, the effective control of which can lead to significant improvement in the quality of road surfaces, increase of durability and reduction of defects in pavements. Research objectives: rationale and directions of realization of the concept of intellectualization of the road construction management. Materials and methods: analysis of the shortcomings of construction of asphalt-concrete pavements, analysis of the methods of workflow management of road-building machines. Results: we have substantiated the methodological background for the development of intellectual control systems of road-building machines. Conclusions: we considered possible ways of introducing the concept of intellectualization of management systems for road-building machines.

Subject: study of the Park of Measuring Equipment (PME) that includes hundreds of thousands of standard samples, measuring instruments, control and measuring devices and other measuring mechanisms with different areas of application, levels of reliability, service life, levels of technical perfection and levels of technical condition. Research objectives: 1. Development of a complex of mathematical models to simulate the processes of development of PME, control indicators of PME performance as a whole, purposefully control the stages of life cycle of measuring equipment samples. 2. Development of the method which, with a sufficient degree of validity and objectivity, would solve the tasks of management of procurement and repairs both in preparation of proposals for preliminary long-term plan documents (LTPD) and to ensure control over the implementation of adopted plans. Thus, the method being developed should be fairly simple to use, easily adjustable for solving problems of different dimensions, suitable for solving the optimal control problem for PME as a whole, for a part of PME, and also suitable for solving a generalized problem for certain “aggregated objects” such as the Metrology Centers. Materials and methods: the methods of mathematical simulation, methods of comparative analysis, simplex method for solving linear programming problem, methods of program-target planning were used. Results: an approach to the solution of problems of program-target planning based on solving a series of linear programming problems has been developed. The results have been presented of using the approach both for formulation of proposals into the preliminary LTPD and also for introducing revisions (amendments) to annual plans, which are implemented in the framework of the state defense order. Conclusions: the described method and algorithms constitute an effective tool for solving practical problems of target-oriented management of PME performance indicators. Analyzers, control and measuring equipment and devices used in the field of construction and housing and communal services go through the same stages of the life cycle and have similar levels of technical perfection and technical condition as the samples of measuring equipment, measuring devices and measuring mechanisms described in the article. Therefore, the results and methods presented in the paper can be effectively used to control the performance indicators of park of devices and measuring instruments used in the field of housing and communal services and construction industry.

Subject: creation of a mathematical model based on the theory of operations research for appointing the members of construction teams when executing construction, installation and finishing works in civil engineering. Research objectives: optimization of the construction team structure from the condition of the highest possible quality of teams, which is determined by qualification, experience of the worker and the need to appoint a worker for a certain type of works. The problem of finding the optimal composition of the team is formulated as a linear programming problem. Materials and methods: to solve the given problem, a simplex algorithm was used in combination with the branch and bound method to obtain an integer value solution. The programming language of the mathematical package Matlab was used to implement the indicated methods of solution. Results: a mathematical model was created for appointing workers of construction teams. An example of realization of the obtained mathematical model is given. Conclusions: this mathematical model can be used for practical purposes for planning and organization of the construction process. The use of the model by designers will help to reduce their time expenditures, reduce the labor intensity of work and better perform the assignment of workers to construction teams, especially w

The paper presents a completely new composition of the ceramic mass for production of ceramic tiles for interior lining of walls, on the basis of fusible clay. The optimal compositions of jade engobe and glossy glaze, the most suitable for this composition, are determined. A new technological scheme is developed for production of ceramic tiles for interior lining based on dolerite and fusible clay. The curve of firing, which is the most suitable for charge masses and decorative coating compositions being used, has been constructed. Subject: ceramic mass for the production of ceramic facing tiles. Ceramic tiles are the most popular building material in Russia. The most promising technology for its production from the standpoint of technical and economic efficiency is the technology of rapid single firing, which is rarely used at the plants of our country. In this regard, the development and implementation of new effective compositions of ceramic masses and decorative coatings that are the most compatible with the specifics of rapid single firing technology, based on new unconventional raw materials, are very relevant and promising. Research objectives: development of technological parameters, compositions of ceramic masses and decorative coatings of ceramic tiles for the internal wall lining that provide an increase in tiles production efficiency using the technology of rapid single firing through the use of non-traditional plagioclase-pyroxene raw materials: dolerites, loam and technogenic raw materials. Materials and methods: technological, numerical and experimental studies were conducted. To select the optimal composition of the ceramic mass, the method of mathematical planning was used, namely the simplex-centroid design of Scheffe. To identify the scientific foundations of the energy-efficient production technology being developed, differential thermal and X-ray phase, optical, electron microscopic and dilatometric studies were applied. Results: a composition of a moderately red-hot mass was developed for the production of ceramic tiles for the internal lining of walls using the technology of rapid single firing; compositions of engobe and glaze coatings were developed with improved physical, mechanical and aesthetic properties due to the use of new, non-traditional types of raw materials; an energy-efficient technological scheme for the production of ceramic facing tiles of the developed compositions was proposed, which makes it possible to increase the competitiveness of the finished product. Conclusions: the developed compositions of charge materials and their preparation can be used in the production of ceramic tiles for internal wall lining using the technology of rapid single firing at already existing plants and newly constructed ones.

Subject: the article describes the structure, technologies of construction, gardening and exploitation of the Holy Trinity Seraphimo-Diveevsky Monastery - the ancient linear fortification consisting of a ditch and an earth embankment that is located directly above the ditch. Research objectives: ensure the stability of slopes, create a technique for gardening of steep slopes in difficult microclimatic conditions, ensure drainage of water. Materials and methods: the computational techniques were used to ensure stability of slopes, and experimental techniques were applied for their phyto-fixation; geosynthetics, rebar grids, varietal herbs, gooseberries and thuja were used. Results: for recreation of the unique structure, a special set of design, survey and construction works was developed, as well as works to maintain the structure during its exploitation. In particular, we have developed the method of detection of the recreated ditch based on the stratification of bulk soils by their age; the methods for fastening the slopes; lawn grass mixture formula for slopes with angles of 45° and 65°; drainage system. Conclusions: owing to the research work, for the first time this construction was completed with the required parameters, while the earlier recreation attempts failed due to erosion and landslide processes. The developed methods can be applied for recreation of other ancient defensive fortifications on the fields of great battles and for landscaping the territories with complex relief.

Subject: the dam of compound design in which the water pressure is borne mutually by a concrete gravity dam and a higher rockfill dam with reinforced concrete facing. Research objectives: 1) study the stress-strain state (SSS) of a compound dam, identify the effect of three main factors on the dam SSS. The first factor is the height of the concrete structure. The second factor is the height of the contact zone (conjugation) between the earth fill and the concrete structure. The third factor is deformability of riprap; 2) based on these studies, give recommendations for selection of the compound dam design. Materials and methods: SSS studies were conducted by numerical analysis using the finite element method (FEM). Nonlinear character of soils deformability and contacts of concrete structure with soils, foundation and reinforced concrete facing was taken into consideration. Sequence of the dam erection and loading was taken into account. Riprap’s modulus of deformation varied from 70 to 270 МPа. Results: results of the analysis showed that the concrete structure as a part of the compound dam withstands hydrostatic load almost independently, practically without transferring it to the earth fill. We have found out that the most sensitive part of the compound dam design is conjugation of the earth fill with the concrete structure. This zone is characterized by failures of the soil strength. The consequence of these failures are considerable displacements in the joint between the facing and the concrete structure as well as bending deformations of the lower part of the facing. Bending of the facing causes considerable tensile stresses. Conclusions: the results of studies permitted us to formulate the following recommendations: 1) it is not desirable to select the height of contact zone between the earth fill and the concrete structure more than 60-75 % of the concrete structure height because it leads to increase of loads borne by the concrete structure and may result in failure of strength of its contact with foundation; 2) it is not recommended to choose the height of contact between the earth fill and the concrete structure less than 30 % of the height of the latter as it results in increase of bending deformations of reinforced concrete facing; 3) for reliability of the compound dam, it is necessary to choose riprap’s modulus of deformation not lower than 200 МPа.